Topical anti-inflammatory phytomedicine based onSphagneticola trilobatadried extracts

Abstract

Context: The aerial parts of Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski (Asteraceae) are popularly used to treat topical inflammation, but have not been fully investigated. Objective: To identify polar compounds in S. trilobata extracts and develop a new topical phytomedicine based on the kaurenoic acid (KA) content while monitoring and demonstrating its topical anti-inflammatory activity. Materials and methods: Ethanol spray-dried extract of S. trilobata was analysed by LC-MS while the KA content from semisolid was analysed by LC-UV. The extent of ear edema induced by applying 20 lL of croton oil (2.5%), arachidonic acid (AA; 2 mg/ear) and decanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA; 2.5 mg/ear) in mice was used to evaluate the biological activity of the semisolids, which were applied 30 min before the phlogistic agents. Results: Eight phenylpropanoids and four oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins were identified, majority of them reported for the first time in this species, in addition to KA. The semisolid containing 1.0% of dried extract reduced the ear edema induced by croton oil [77.2 6 4.5%; ID50 ¼ 0.49 (0.28-0.87%)], TPA (81.5 6 2.4%) and AA (39.1 6 6.9%), with decreasing effect at higher KA concentrations. This was accompanied by neutrophil migration inhibition as investigated by biochemical and histological assays. Discussion and conclusion: The anti-inflammatory effects were (at least in part) due to the interference in protein kinase C (PKC) activation, AA-cascade products and neutrophil migration inhibition, demonstrating the efficacy of the folk topical usage of this plant. The results support the development of a novel topical anti-inflammatory phytomedicine properly standardized to treat inflammatory dermatological diseases. ARTICLE HISTORY

Asteraceae family: a review of its allelopathic potential and the case of Acmella oleracea and Sphagneticola trilobata

“…From ESI-MS analysis, it was possible to verify the presence of phenolic substances in the composition of aqueous residue, which were identified as dicaffeoylquinic acid ( ), which is related to the loss of CO 2 from caffeic acid (Wu et al 2009). Caffeoylquinic and dicaffeoylquinic acids were reported in other studies with extracts from aerial parts of S. trilobata (Fucina et al 2016;Lang et al 2017). The composition of both dichloromethane fraction and aqueous residue suggests that a synergistic effect between the constituents may occur, improving phytotoxic activity.…”

An Updated Comprehensive Review of Plants and Herbal Compounds with Antiasthmatic Effect

“…Kaurenoic acid is a diterpene from many plants, such as Sphagneticola trilobata [264]. Borghi et al demonstrated that 10 mg/kg kaurenoic acid prevents ovalbumin-induced asthma in mice through its efect on T2 cytokines, STAT6/GATA3 signaling, NF-κB/Nrf2 redox-sensitive pathways, and regulatory T cell phenotype markers [265].…”

Quality Control of Herbal Medicines: From Traditional Techniques to State-of-the-art Approaches

“…A decrease in the antihyperalgesic activity of the spray-dried extract was related to the thermodegradation of chlorogenic acids. The kaurenoic acid content, however, remained stable, explaining the unchanged anti-inflammatory activity [177]. In another study [178], the withaferin A and withanolide A contents in Withania somnifera roots aqueous extract were monitored during real-time and accelerated stability studies, along with an evaluation of the in vivo immunomodulatory activity.…”