Inherent physical characteristics and gene expression differences between alveolar and basal bones

Zakhary, Ibrahim; Alotibi, Fawwaz; Lewis, Jill B.; Elsalanty, Mohammed; Wenger, Karl; Sharawy, Mohamed; Messer, Regina L. W.

doi:10.1016/j.oooo.2016.01.008

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Osteocytes has dendritic process, which is associated with mechanical stimulation, and this process is regulated by E11 which is the earliest osteocytes protein increased by mechanical loading by osteocytes ( 58 ). Moreover, E11, MEPE and DMP1 have higher levels of expression in basal bone than in alveolar bone ( 59 ). During the skeleton is exposed to loading, an increase in these proteins secreted from osteocytes can be expected, which is very important in the mineralization of bone tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium‑dependent activation of PHEX, MEPE and DMP1 in osteocytes

et al. 2022

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Calcium (Ca 2+ ) signaling is the first messenger signal exhibited by osteocytes. The present study aimed to better understand the link between Ca 2+ concentration, and the levels of bone mineralization regulator proteins [phosphate-regulating neutral endopeptidase on chromosome X (PHEX), matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein (MEPE) and dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1)] and the levels of oxidative stress in osteocytes. The viability of MLO-Y4 cells was determined using the live/dead assay following treatment with various Ca 2+ concentrations (1.8, 6, 12, 18, 24 and 50 mM) for different durations (15 and 60 min, and 24 h). Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and NADPH oxidase (NOX) enzymes were analyzed using a colorimetric method. Apoptosis was detected by caspase-3 analysis. Furthermore, the protein expression levels of PHEX, MEPE and DMP1 were analyzed using immunoblotting, and oxidative stress was examined using the total antioxidant and total oxidant status (TOS) assay. Notably, after 15 min, there were more live cells than dead cells; however, after 60 min, the number of dead cells was increased following treatment with 24 and 50 mM Ca 2+ . After 24 h, there were more dead cells than live cells following treatment with 50 mM Ca 2+ . After 24 h of Ca 2+ treatment, the highest protein expression levels of PHEX, MEPE and DMP1 were measured in cells treated with 24 mM Ca 2+ . In addition, as Ca 2+ concentration increased, the TOS and the oxidative stress index values were also increased. In conclusion, these results suggested that 24 mM Ca 2+ may trigger bone mineralization proteins, such as PHEX, MEPE and DMP1, and could be considered an applicable dosage for the treatment of bone damage in the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium‑dependent activation of PHEX, MEPE and DMP1 in osteocytes

et al. 2022

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“…The mandible has two different bone tissues: basal bone and alveolar bone, and they can be physiologically recognized based on mineral densities and biochemical evaluations [ 15 , 16 ]. The basal bone is formed in the fetus prior to tooth development, as part of the skeleton, and can be existed for the oral maxillofacial structure retention even though alveolar bone is completely resorbed after tooth loss [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tooth-Supporting Hard Tissue Regeneration Using Biopolymeric Material Fabrication Strategies

Kim

Park

2020

Molecules

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The mineralized tissues (alveolar bone and cementum) are the major components of periodontal tissues and play a critical role to anchor periodontal ligament (PDL) to tooth-root surfaces. The integrated multiple tissues could generate biological or physiological responses to transmitted biomechanical forces by mastication or occlusion. However, due to periodontitis or traumatic injuries, affect destruction or progressive damage of periodontal hard tissues including PDL could be affected and consequently lead to tooth loss. Conventional tissue engineering approaches have been developed to regenerate or repair periodontium but, engineered periodontal tissue formation is still challenging because there are still limitations to control spatial compartmentalization for individual tissues and provide optimal 3D constructs for tooth-supporting tissue regeneration and maturation. Here, we present the recently developed strategies to induce osteogenesis and cementogenesis by the fabrication of 3D architectures or the chemical modifications of biopolymeric materials. These techniques in tooth-supporting hard tissue engineering are highly promising to promote the periodontal regeneration and advance the interfacial tissue formation for tissue integrations of PDL fibrous connective tissue bundles (alveolar bone-to-PDL or PDL-to-cementum) for functioning restorations of the periodontal complex.

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Inherent physical characteristics and gene expression differences between alveolar and basal bones

Cited by 2 publications

References 29 publications

Calcium‑dependent activation of PHEX, MEPE and DMP1 in osteocytes

Calcium‑dependent activation of PHEX, MEPE and DMP1 in osteocytes

Tooth-Supporting Hard Tissue Regeneration Using Biopolymeric Material Fabrication Strategies

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