Acute citrulline‐malate supplementation improves maximal strength and anaerobic power in female, masters athletes tennis players

Glenn, Jordan M.; Gray, Michelle; Jensen, Austen; Stone, Matthew S; Vincenzo, Jennifer L.

doi:10.1080/17461391.2016.1158321

Cited by 43 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…While arginine supplementation has demonstrated improvements in both aerobic and anaerobic performance with acute (0.15 g/kg) or chronic (1.5-2.0 g/day for 4-7 weeks or 10-12 g/day for 8 weeks) protocols [61], acute protocols of citrulline supplementation (3-6 g) showed a small effect size (0.2) on high-intensity strength and power performance in resistance exercise [62]. In master female tennis players (51.0 ± 9.0 years), acute protocol with 8 g of citrulline improved handgrip strength and power peak in a specific anaerobic test, but not the capacity of sustained power or jump power [37]. Due to the lack of a washing time between conditions and control of the consumption of other stimulant substances, the risk of bias is moderate.…”

Section: Effects Of Nitric Oxide (No) Precursors In Racquet Sportsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Nutritional Ergogenic Aids in Racquet Sports: A Systematic Review

2020

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A nutritional ergogenic aid (NEA) can help athletes optimize performance, but an evidence-based analysis is required in order to support training outcomes or competition performance in specific events. Racquet sports players are regularly exposed to a high-intensity workload throughout the tournament season. The activity during a match is characterized by variable durations (2–4 h) of repeated high-intensity bouts interspersed with standardized rest periods. Medline/PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCO were searched from their inception until February 2020 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Two independent reviewers extracted data, after which they assessed the risk of bias and the quality of trials. Out of 439 articles found, 21 met the predefined criteria: tennis (15 trials), badminton (three trials), paddle (one trial), and squash (two trials). Among all the studied NEAs, acute dosages of caffeine (3–6 mg/kg) 30–60 min before a match have been proven to improve specific skills and accuracy but may not contribute to improve perceived exertion. Currently, creatine, sodium bicarbonate, sodium citrate, beetroot juice, citrulline, and glycerol need more studies to strengthen the evidence regarding improved performance in racquet sports.

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Section: Effects Of Nitric Oxide (No) Precursors In Racquet Sportsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Tennis w which more studies on NEAs were checked (n = 15), followed by badmin and paddle (n = 1), but no study was found for table tennis. In the case most evaluated supplement (n = 10) followed by creatine monohydrate (n [37] Nutrients 2020, 12, x FOR PEER REVIEW 17 of 25 [41] [42] * [43] [44]…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Ergogenic Aids in Racquet Sports: A Systematic Review

2020

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“…A further preliminary study suggested that consuming CIT malate before competition has the potential to improve some elements of performance in masters level female tennis players (26) . In this lab-based study CIT yielded improved grip strength, peak and explosive power compared to placebo.…”

Section: Effects On Sports Performance and Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Citrulline in health and disease. Review on human studies

et al. 2018

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The amino acid L-citrulline (CIT) is safely used from the neonatal period onwards in those with urea cycle defects and carbamyl phosphate synthetase or ornithine transcarbamylase deficiencies, but several lines of enquiry indicate that it might have a much wider therapeutic role. When protein intake is low and there is a catabolic state, endogenous arginine (ARG) synthesis cannot fully be met and its supplementation can prove challenging, particularly in patients with critical and multisystem illness. Supplementary CIT could constitute a safer but still focused means of delivering ARG to endothelial and immune cells as CIT is efficiently recycled into these cells and as kidneys can convert CIT into ARG. Unlike ARG, CIT is efficiently transported into enterocytes and bypasses liver uptake. It also appears to prevent excessive and uncontrolled nitric oxide (NO) production. Animal studies and early human data indicate positive effects of CIT on protein synthesis, in which its contribution is thought mediated through the mTOR pathway. It appears that CIT is an anabolic pharmaconutrient that can be safely administered even in critically ill patients. Promising results in cardiovascular diseases and in disease-related malnutrition can now be considered sufficient to justify formal clinical exploration in these areas and in sarcopenia in general.

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“…Based on the results of previous studies showing increases in muscle performance [ 9 – 11 , 17 ] in response to a single 8-g dose of L-citrulline malate, it can be assumed that longer durations of L-citrulline supplementation might bestow ergogenic effects. Case in point, 7 days of L-citrulline supplementation at a daily dose of 6 g significantly increase plasma citrulline, arginine, and nitrite levels, VO 2 kinetics, in response to moderate intensity (70% VO 2 peak) exercise performance [ 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eight weeks of resistance training in conjunction with glutathione and L-Citrulline supplementation increases lean mass and has no adverse effects on blood clinical safety markers in resistance-trained males

Hwang

Marroquín

Gann

et al. 2018

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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BackgroundSupplementation of combined glutathione (GSH) with L-citrulline in response to a single bout of resistance exercise has been shown to increase plasma nitric oxide metabolites, nitrite and nitrate and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), which may play a role in muscle protein synthesis. As a result, in response to resistance training (RT) these responses may establish a role for GSH + L-citrulline to increase muscle mass.This study attempted to determine the effects of an 8-week RT program in conjunction with GSH (Setria®) + L-citrulline, L-citrulline-malate, or placebo supplementation on lean mass and its association with muscle strength. The secondary purpose was to assess the safety of such supplementation protocol by assessing clinical chemistry markers.MethodsIn a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design, 75 resistance-trained males were randomly assigned to ingest GSH + L-citrulline (GSH + CIT), L-citrulline-malate, or cellulose placebo daily while also participating in 8 weeks of RT. The full dose of each supplement was delivered in capsules that were identical in weight, size, shape, and color. Participants completed testing sessions for body composition and muscle strength before and after 4 and 8 weeks of RT and supplementation. Venous blood samples were obtained before and after 8 weeks.ResultsLeg press was increased with RT but was not significantly different between groups (p > 0.05); however, bench press strength was not increased with RT (p > 0.05). There were no significant changes in total body mass, fat mass, or total body water during 8 weeks of RT and supplementation. Lean mass increased in both GSH + CIT when compared to PLC; however, the increase was significant only after 4 weeks. Lean mass and strength were positively correlated (p < 0.05) in GSH + CIT, but not CIT-malate or PLC. Neither RT nor supplementation had any significant effects on blood clinical chemistry variables (p > 0.05).ConclusionCompared to PLC, supplementation of GSH + CIT during resistance training increased lean mass after 4 weeks of RT and was positively associated with muscle strength. However, after 8 weeks of RT there were no significant differences in any of the measured variables.

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Acute citrulline‐malate supplementation improves maximal strength and anaerobic power in female, masters athletes tennis players

Abstract: These data suggest that consuming CM before competition has the potential to improve tennis match-play performance in masters tennis athletes. However, this study utilized a controlled laboratory environment and research evaluating direct application to on-court performance is warranted.

Cited by 43 publications

References 37 publications

Nutritional Ergogenic Aids in Racquet Sports: A Systematic Review

Nutritional Ergogenic Aids in Racquet Sports: A Systematic Review

Citrulline in health and disease. Review on human studies

Eight weeks of resistance training in conjunction with glutathione and L-Citrulline supplementation increases lean mass and has no adverse effects on blood clinical safety markers in resistance-trained males

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