27-Year mortality in the Western collaborative group study: construction of risk groups by recursive partitioning

Carmelli, Dorit; Halpern, Jerry; Swan, Gary E.; Dame, Alison; McElroy, Mary; Gelb, Arnold B.; Rosenman, Ray H.

doi:10.1016/0895-4356(91)90095-q

Cited by 48 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In the present prospective data for both men and women, the statistical interaction of a suppressive mode with elevated SBP was significantly related to earlier deaths ( Table 3). This result is suggestive of finding early CHD mortality in a 27-year follow-up of men where a triple combination of Type A, high hostility, and elevated SBP showed the highest rates of earlier deaths in survival curves across six health risk groups (41). It is reasonable to assume that a suppressor response to attack rather than an expressive response would likely lead to an internal process of resentment (10).…”

Section: E Harburg Et Almentioning

confidence: 83%

Expressive/Suppressive Anger-Coping Responses, Gender, and Types of Mortality

Harburg

Julius

Kaciroti

et al. 2003

Psychosomatic Medicine

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Suppressed anger at the time of an unjust attack may become chronic resentment (intermittent rage or hatred) about which little is known and requires research. The design for future research should experimentally measure both suppressed anger-coping responses (after an unfair attack) and morbidity (eg, blood pressure, bronchitis, immune disorder, etc.) to predict prospectively to earlier mortality.

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Section: E Harburg Et Almentioning

confidence: 83%

Expressive/Suppressive Anger-Coping Responses, Gender, and Types of Mortality

Harburg

Julius

Kaciroti

et al. 2003

Psychosomatic Medicine

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“…To determine this dichotomous set of CpG site methylation frequency rules, we performed CART analysis of bias corrected CpG site methylation frequencies from individual CFC either expressing or not expressing MLH1 . Then, as described in the Experimental Methods section, determined CpG methylation frequency rules which optimally differentiated the 30 CFC into classes of methylation frequency patterns that either expressed or did not express MLH1 [13]. We initially utilized only sequences from Fragment 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The methylation frequency values of CpG sites were used as predictive variables for a CART model of MLH1 expressing or non-expressing CFC under the assumption methylation is a factor involved in loss of MLH1 expression (Splus, TIBCO Software Inc., Palo Alto, Calif.) as described in [13,14]. Recursive partitioning based on bias corrected CpG site methylation frequencies produced progressively more homogenous CFC groups.…”

Section: Classification and Regression Tree (Cart) Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Loss of MLH1 Expression in Normal Human Hematopoietic Stem Cell Clones is Defined by the Promoter CpG Methylation Pattern Observed by High-Throughput Methylation Specific Sequencing

Kenyon

Nickel-Meester

Qing

et al. 2016

Int J Stem Cell Res Ther

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Normal human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HPC) lose expression of MLH1, an important mismatch repair (MMR) pathway gene, with age. Loss of MMR leads to replication dependent mutational events and microsatellite instability observed in secondary acute myelogenous leukemia and other hematologic malignancies. Epigenetic CpG methylationThis is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. *Corresponding author: Stanton L. Gerson, Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, OH, USA, Tel: 1-216-844-8562, stanton.gerson@case.edu. Author Contributions: JK designed the study, performed research, data analysis, and wrote the manuscript. GN helped design the study, performed research, and data analysis. YQ assisted with study design and data analysis. GS-G and ED performed research and assisted in manuscript preparation. PF, SS, and XB assisted in study design and data analysis. DW assisted the study design and provided essential reagents. EA helped design the study and provided essential reagents. SLG helped design the study, assisted in manuscript preparation, and provided essential reagents. Conflicts of Interest:The authors have no competing financial interests in relation to the work described in this manuscript. HHS Public AccessAuthor manuscript Int J Stem Cell Res Ther. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2016 August 24. Author Manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript upstream of the MLH1 promoter is a contributing factor to acquired loss of MLH1 expression in tumors of the epithelia and proximal mucosa. Using single molecule high-throughput bisulfite sequencing we have characterized the CpG methylation landscape from −938 to −337 bp upstream of the MLH1 transcriptional start site (position +0), from 30 hematopoietic colony forming cell clones (CFC) either expressing or not expressing MLH1. We identify a correlation between MLH1 promoter methylation and loss of MLH1 expression. Additionally, using the CpG site methylation frequencies obtained in this study we were able to generate a classification algorithm capable of sorting the expressing and non-expressing CFC. Thus, as has been previously described for many tumor cell types, we report for the first time a correlation between the loss of MLH1 expression and increased MLH1 promoter methylation in CFC derived from CD34 + selected hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells.

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“…Five hundred seventy-three subjects (26% of all surviving subjects) participated by questionnaire only; 250 (11%) were unable to participate or refused, and 130 (6%) subjects were lost to follow-up. 24 A total of 1232 subjects participated in the examination, which included blood pressure (BP) measurements, anthropometric measures, and neuropsychological assessment. Extensive health histories were obtained by questionnaire and interview and later validated by review of medical records.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systolic Blood Pressure Tracking Over 25 to 30 Years and Cognitive Performance in Older Adults

Swan

Carmelli

LaRue

1998

Stroke

150

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Objective-To determine the extent to which individual changes in systolic blood pressure (SBP) over a 30-year interval are associated with differential neuropsychological outcomes in old age. Methods-Seven hundred seventeen survivors from the Western Collaborative Group Study, a longitudinal study of cardiovascular risk factors now in its 38th year of follow-up, with blood pressures measured in middle age (meanϭ45 years) and in old age (meanϭ75 years) and neuropsychological tests administered at follow-up were included in this analysis. Participants were grouped according to 30-year change in SBP (increased, decreased, or "normal"). Analyses focused on comparisons of neuropsychological performance of "high SBP trackers" (ie, those with persistent SBPՆ140 mm Hg throughout adult life) and of SBP "decreasers" with the performance of those whose SBP was either stable or changed in an expected way over time. Results-Only 7.5% of participants had elevated SBP in middle age, but 43.8% of participants had elevated SBP in old age. After adjustment for age, education, depression, clinically defined stroke, and use of antihypertensive medications and after exclusion of individuals with impaired cognitive performance at follow-up, high SBP trackers, 5.0% (nϭ36), performed consistently less well than the "normal" SBP subgroups on a composite measure of verbal learning and memory (Pϭ0.04). When compared with the "normal" SBP subgroup, the SBP decreasers, 5.3% (nϭ38), performed less well on speeded performance (Pϭ0.03). Conclusions-There is a relatively small group of people who maintain elevated SBP throughout their adult lives. These persons are at increased risk for reduced verbal learning and memory function. There is also a group of individuals who experience a decrease in SBP and who are at risk for decreased psychomotor speed. Delineation of these 2 SBP subgroups may lead to further clarification of the effects of SBP on neurobehavioral function in older adults. (Stroke. 1998;29:2334-2340.)Key Words: aging Ⅲ blood pressure Ⅲ cognition Ⅲ neuropsychology E levated systolic blood pressure (SBP) is associated with reduced levels of cognitive performance and increased cognitive decline in the majority of investigations of this issue. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] In a reanalysis of data reported originally as not being supportive of the SBP-cognition association, 13,14 higher baseline SBP levels and increased chronicity of hypertension were found to be associated with lower cognitive performance measured 12 to 14 years later for measurements taken when few, if any, participants were on antihypertensive medication. [15][16][17] The long-term impact of elevated midlife SBP on reduced cognitive performance has been extended from the 14-year interval first reported by Elias et al [15][16][17] to 25 years 18 and to 30 years. 19 The primary implication of these findings is that SBP in middle age that is elevated but not necessarily hypertensive may exert a measurable deleterious effect on the function of the brai...

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27-Year mortality in the Western collaborative group study: construction of risk groups by recursive partitioning

Cited by 48 publications

References 38 publications

Expressive/Suppressive Anger-Coping Responses, Gender, and Types of Mortality

Expressive/Suppressive Anger-Coping Responses, Gender, and Types of Mortality

Epigenetic Loss of MLH1 Expression in Normal Human Hematopoietic Stem Cell Clones is Defined by the Promoter CpG Methylation Pattern Observed by High-Throughput Methylation Specific Sequencing

Systolic Blood Pressure Tracking Over 25 to 30 Years and Cognitive Performance in Older Adults

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