27.6 Single-chip 3072ch 2D array IC with RX analog and all-digital TX beamformer for 3D ultrasound imaging

Katsube, Yusaku; Kajiyama, Shinya; Nishimoto, Tetsuya; Nakagawa, Tatsuo; Okuma, Yasuyuki; Nakamura, Yūichi; Terada, Takahide; Igarashi, Yutaka; Yamawaki, Taizo; Yazaki, Toru; Hayashi, Yoshihiro; Amino, Kazuhiro; Kaneko, Tetsuya; Tanaka, Hiroki

doi:10.1109/isscc.2017.7870459

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…1(a)). By pre-processing the element-level echo signals, an ASIC allows the probe to use far fewer cable connections to the imaging system, thus enabling emerging miniature 3-D ultrasound probes which utilize high-density 2-D transducers (> 1000 elements) and small-size catheters [1], [5], [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Bit Errors in Digitized RF Data on Ultrasound Image Quality

Zhao

Soozande

Vos

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

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This paper quantitatively analyzes the impact of bit errors in digitized RF data on ultrasound image quality. The quality of B-mode images in both linear and phased array imaging is evaluated by means of three objective image quality metrics: peak signal-to-noise ratio, structural similarity index and contrast-to-noise ratio, when bit errors are introduced to the RF data with different bit-error rates (BERs). The effectiveness of coding schemes for forward error detection and correction to improve the image quality is also studied. The results show that ultrasound imaging is inherently resilient to high BER. The image quality suffers unnoticeable degradation for BER lower than 1E-6. Simple 1-bit parity coding with 9% added redundancy helps to retain similar image quality for BER up to 1E-4, and Hamming coding with 33.3% added redundancy allows the BER to increase to 1E-3. These results can serve as a guideline in the datalink design for ultrasound probes with in-probe receive digitization. With much more relaxed BER requirements than in typical datalinks, the design can be optimized by allowing fewer cables with higher data rate per cable or lower power consumption with the same cable count.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Bit Errors in Digitized RF Data on Ultrasound Image Quality

Zhao

Soozande

Vos

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

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“…Various approaches have been reported to interface matrix transducer arrays using a reduced number of cables. [12], [17]- [19]. Part of the receive beamforming can be performed locally in the probe to combine the signals received by a sub-array into one output signal [12]- [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[12], [17]- [19]. Part of the receive beamforming can be performed locally in the probe to combine the signals received by a sub-array into one output signal [12]- [14]. Switch matrices have been proposed that connect groups of elements that transmit and receive simultaneously [15], [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Reconfigurable Ultrasound Transceiver ASIC With <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$24\times40$ </tex-math> </inline-formula> Elements for 3-D Carotid Artery Imaging

Kang

Ding

Shabanimotlagh

et al. 2018

IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits

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This paper presents an ultrasound transceiver ASIC designed for 3-D ultrasonic imaging of the carotid artery. This application calls for an array of thousands of ultrasonic transducer elements, far exceeding the number of channels of conventional imaging systems. The 3.6 × 6.8 mm 2 ASIC interfaces a piezo-electric transducer array of 24 × 40 elements, directly integrated on top of the ASIC, to an imaging system using only 24 transmit and receive channels. Multiple ASICs can be tiled together to form an even bigger array. The ASIC, implemented in a 0.18 μm high-voltage BCDMOS process, consists of a reconfigurable switch matrix and row-level receive circuits. Each element is associated with a compact bootstrapped high-voltage transmit switch, an isolation switch for the receive circuits and programmable logic that enables a variety of imaging modes. Electrical and acoustic experiments successfully demonstrate the functionality of the ASIC. In addition, the ASIC has been successfully used in a 3-D imaging experiment.

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“…In-probe application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) have been used to locally drive the transducer elements and pre-process the received signals. These ASICs employ multiplexing switches, pulsers or sub-array beamforming circuits to allow the probe to be connected to an imaging system using a manageable number of cables [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]. These ASICs are subject to stringent size constraints, to provide direct connections between the elements and the associated on-chip circuitry, and stringent power constraints, to avoid overheating the patient's tissue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Element-Matched Electromechanical <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Delta\Sigma$ </tex-math> </inline-formula> ADC for Ultrasound Imaging

D'Urbino

Chen

et al. 2018

IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits

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This work presents a power-and area-efficient approach to digitizing the echo signals received by piezoelectric transducer elements, commonly used for ultrasound imaging. This technique utilizes such elements not only as sensors, but also as the loop filter of an element-level ΔΣ ADC. The receive chain is thus greatly simplified, yielding savings in area and power. Every ADC becomes small enough to fit underneath a 150 µm × 150 µm transducer element, enabling simultaneous acquisition and digitization from all the elements in a 2D array. This is especially valuable for miniature 3D probes. Experimental results are reported for a prototype receiver chip with an array of 5 × 4 element-matched ADCs and a transducer array fabricated on top of the chip. Each ADC consumes 800 µW from a 1.8 V supply and achieves a SNR of 47dB in a 75% bandwidth around a center frequency of 5MHz.

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27.6 Single-chip 3072ch 2D array IC with RX analog and all-digital TX beamformer for 3D ultrasound imaging

Cited by 17 publications

References 5 publications

Impact of Bit Errors in Digitized RF Data on Ultrasound Image Quality

Impact of Bit Errors in Digitized RF Data on Ultrasound Image Quality

A Reconfigurable Ultrasound Transceiver ASIC With <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$24\times40$ </tex-math> </inline-formula> Elements for 3-D Carotid Artery Imaging

An Element-Matched Electromechanical <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Delta\Sigma$ </tex-math> </inline-formula> ADC for Ultrasound Imaging

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