26Al incorporation into the brain of suckling rats through maternal milk

Systematic review of potential health risks posed by pharmaceutical, occupational and consumer exposures to metallic and nanoscale aluminum, aluminum oxides, aluminum hydroxide and its soluble salts

“…Significant concentration-related reductions in dopamine and serotonin were observed in homogenized forebrain (including hippocampus and cerebral cortex) from PND 7 until PND 36. The authors suggested that prenatal and lactational exposure to high Al levels can cause developmental toxicity in mice The pH of the AlCl 3 -treated drinking water was not specified and drinking water consumption was not measured; the authors acknowledged: “It is likely that the present high concentrations of Al used in the drinking water might have affected total fluid intake due to its astringent properties, but no efforts were made to assess any such differences in total fluid intake specifically.” Abu-Taweel et al (2011a) assumed based on rat (Yumoto et al 2001, 2003) and rabbit (Yokel and McNamara 1985) data that Al administered to the mother was passed to the pups via milk, but there were no significant changes in the reflexes of Al-treated pups compared to the controls at the end of lactation. The authors suggested body weight, learning and memory declined in the post-weaning period, but given the astringent properties of high-concentration AlCl 3 in drinking water it is possible avoidance of the water and dehydration may have contributed to the reported changes.…”

Link between Aluminum and the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer′s Disease: The Integration of the Aluminum and Amyloid Cascade Hypotheses

“…In general, the absorption of metals by the gastrointestinal tract is widely variable and is influenced by various factors including an individual difference, age, pH, stomach contents [173]. Recent studies using mass spectrometry of 26 Al have demonstrated that small, but a considerable amount of Al crosses the blood brain barrier, enters into the brain, and accumulates in a semipermanent manner [174, 175]. Therefore, Al can cause severe health problems in particular populations, including infants, elderly people, and patients with impaired renal functions, and unnecessary exposure to Al should be avoided for such patients [176].…”

Demonstration of aluminum in amyloid fibers in the cores of senile plaques in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s disease

“…Al exposure has been proposed as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (senile dementia of Alzheimer type; AD), although the role of Al in the pathogenesis of AD remains controversial [3][4][5][6][7]. The accumulation of Al in the nuclei of nerve cells and in neurofibrillary tangles has been demonstrated in the AD brain by histochemical staining [8][9][10], laser microprobe mass analysis [11], secondary ion mass spectrometry [12] and particleinduced X-ray emission (PIXE) analysis [13].…”