Low prevalence of Plasmodium and absence of malaria transmission in Conakry, Guinea: prospects for elimination

Kouassi, Bernard L.; Souza, Dziedzom K. de; Goépogui, Andre; Balde, Siradiou M.; Diakité, Lamia; Sagno, A. M.; Djameh, Georgina Isabella; Chammartin, Frédérique; Vounatsou, Penelope; Bockarie, Moses J.; Utzinger, Jürg; Koudou, Benjamin G.

doi:10.1186/s12936-016-1230-9

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Yet members of An. gambiae complex were largely predominant in most urban settings [11,14,54,55]. This is in conformity with these species capacities to adapt to anthropogenic and/ or environmental changes and to feed exclusively on humans [56].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Urban malaria in sub-Saharan Africa: dynamic of the vectorial system and the entomological inoculation rate

Doumbe-Belisse

Kopya

Ngadjeu

et al. 2021

Malar J

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Sub-Saharan Africa is registering one of the highest urban population growth across the world. It is estimated that over 75% of the population in this region will be living in urban settings by 2050. However, it is not known how this rapid urbanization will affect vector populations and disease transmission. The present study summarizes findings from studies conducted in urban settings between the 1970s and 2020 to assess the effects of urbanization on the entomological inoculation rate pattern and anopheline species distribution. Different online databases such as PubMed, ResearchGate, Google Scholar, Google were screened. A total of 90 publications were selected out of 1527. Besides, over 200 additional publications were consulted to collate information on anopheline breeding habitats and species distribution in urban settings. The study confirms high malaria transmission in rural compared to urban settings. The study also suggests that there had been an increase in malaria transmission in most cities after 2003, which could also be associated with an increase in sampling, resources and reporting. Species of the Anopheles gambiae complex were the predominant vectors in most urban settings. Anopheline larvae were reported to have adapted to different aquatic habitats. The study provides updated information on the distribution of the vector population and the dynamic of malaria transmission in urban settings. The study also highlights the need for implementing integrated control strategies in urban settings.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Urban malaria in sub-Saharan Africa: dynamic of the vectorial system and the entomological inoculation rate

Doumbe-Belisse

Kopya

Ngadjeu

et al. 2021

Malar J

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“…Almost half the children under the age of five were found to have had malaria and diarrhoea in their lifetimes as reported by their caretakers. In contrast, a desk review of ministry of health records in Conakry revealed malaria prevalence less than 10% in children under five between 2009 and 2012 [18]. The difference could be due to the fact that this survey was in a rural area which tends to have higher malaria prevalence compared to urban areas.…”

Section: Disease Burdenmentioning

confidence: 77%

A malaria knowledge, attitudes and practice survey in a rural community in Guinea

Ravi¹,

Holsted²,

B³

et al. 2022

Malar J

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Background Malaria is the top public health problem in the Republic of Guinea, with more than 4 million cases and 10,000 deaths in 2021 among a population of approximately 13 million. It is also the second highest cause of death there. The purpose of this quantitative survey in a rural area of Guinea was to understand knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) about malaria and to assess water and sanitation practices among community members. Methods In 2016, the authors conducted a cross-sectional household survey in Timbi-Touni, Guinea using community workers. The survey included respondent demographic characteristics, malaria knowledge, child health, water and sanitation, and health services access. Malaria knowledge and sleeping under bed nets were the primary outcome variables and multiple logistic regression was used to determine odds ratios. Results Majority of the respondents were women (89.41%) and had never been to school (71.18%). Slightly more than half the children were reported to have ever had malaria and 45% reported to have ever had diarrhoea. There was no statistically significant association between gender or level of education and malaria knowledge. Eighty six percent of respondents had received a free bed net during national campaigns and 61% slept under a bed net the night before the survey. Knowing mosquitoes to be the cause of malaria and receiving free bed net were significantly associated with sleeping under a bed net. There was no statistically significant association between drinking water source and malaria or diarrhoea. Conclusions Both malaria and diarrhoea were considered to be serious illnesses for adults and children by nearly all respondents. Receiving free bed nets and having correct knowledge about malaria were the greatest predictors of sleeping under a bed net. Insights from this detailed KAP survey—such as focusing on radio to transmit malaria prevention information and reinforcing free malaria treatments—can guide policy makers and practitioners who design and implement malaria control and prevention measures in Guinea.

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“…We compared the performance of five adult trapping methods to determine mosquito species abundance and diversity in Maferinyah sub-prefecture, Guinea, and provide evidence towards the most suitable trap for surveillance. To our knowledge, only larval collections, pyrethroid spray catches, exit traps, aspirators, HLCs and LT have been used in Guinea to collect mosquitoes [16,19,[22][23][24]. In this study, we selected gravid traps (GT), Stealth traps (ST), LT and BG sentinel 2 traps (BG2T) with two different lures (BG and MB5) in comparison with HLCs to test new trapping methods not previously used in Guinea to capture the highest diversity of mosquito species.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An assessment of adult mosquito collection techniques for studying species abundance and diversity in Maferinyah, Guinea

et al. 2020

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Background: Several mosquito collection methods are routinely used in vector control programmes. However, they target different behaviours causing bias in estimation of species diversity and abundance. Given the paucity of mosquito trap data in West Africa, we compared the performance of five trap-lure combinations and Human Landing Catches (HLCs) in Guinea. Methods: CDC light traps (LT), BG sentinel 2 traps (BG2T), gravid traps (GT) and Stealth traps (ST) were compared in a 5 × 5 Latin Square design in three villages in Guinea between June and July 2018. The ST, a portable trap which performs similarly to a LT but incorporates LEDs and incandescent light, was included since it has not been widely tested. BG2T were used with BG and MB5 lures instead of CO 2 to test the efficacy of these attractants. HLCs were performed for 5 nights, but not as part of the Latin Square. A Generalised Linear Mixed Model was applied to compare the effect of the traps, sites and collection times on mosquito abundance. Species identification was confirmed using PCR-based analysis and Sanger sequencing. Results: A total of 10,610 mosquitoes were captured across five traps. ST collected significantly more mosquitoes (7096) than the rest of the traps, but resulted in a higher number of damaged specimens. ST and BG2T collected the highest numbers of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, respectively. HLCs captured predominantly An. coluzzii (41%) and hybrids of An. gambiae and An. coluzzii (36%) in contrast to the five traps, which captured predominantly An. melas (83%). The rural site (Senguelen) presented the highest abundance of mosquitoes and overall diversity in comparison with Fandie (semi-rural) and Maferinyah Centre I (semi-urban). Our results confirm the presence of four species for the first time in Guinea. Conclusions: ST collected the highest number of mosquitoes suggesting this trap may play an important role for mosquito surveillance in Guinea and similar sites in West Africa. We recommend the incorporation of molecular tools in entomological studies since they have helped to identify 25 mosquito species in this area.

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Low prevalence of Plasmodium and absence of malaria transmission in Conakry, Guinea: prospects for elimination

Cited by 9 publications

References 37 publications

Urban malaria in sub-Saharan Africa: dynamic of the vectorial system and the entomological inoculation rate

Urban malaria in sub-Saharan Africa: dynamic of the vectorial system and the entomological inoculation rate

A malaria knowledge, attitudes and practice survey in a rural community in Guinea

An assessment of adult mosquito collection techniques for studying species abundance and diversity in Maferinyah, Guinea

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