In Vitro Anticancer Activity of Au, Ag Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Commelina nudiflora L. Aqueous Extract Against HCT-116 Colon Cancer Cells

Abstract

Recently, metal nanoparticles have been getting great medical and social interests due to their potential physico-chemical properties such as higher affinity, low molecular weight, and larger surface area. The biosynthesized gold and silver nanoparticles are spherical, triangular in shape with an average size of 24-150 nm as reported in our earlier studies. The biological properties of synthesized gold and silver nanoparticles are demonstrated in this paper. The different in vitro assays such as MTT, flow cytometry, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) techniques were used to evaluate the in vitro anticancer properties of synthesized metal nanoparticles. The biosynthesized gold and silver nanoparticles have shown reduced cell viability and increased cytotoxicity in HCT-116 colon cancer cells with IC50 concentration of 200 and 100 μg/ml, respectively. The flow cytometry experiments revealed that the IC50 concentrations of gold and silver nanoparticle-treated cells that have significant changes were observed in the sub-G1 cell cycle phase compared with the positive control. Additionally, the relative messenger RNA (mRNA) gene expressions of HCT-116 cells were studied by RT-qPCR techniques. The pro-apoptotic genes such as PUMA (++), Caspase-3 (+), Caspase-8 (++), and Caspase-9 (++) were upregulated in the treated HCT-116 cells compared with cisplatin. Overall, these findings have proved that the synthesized gold and silver nanoparticles could be potent anti-colon cancer drugs.

Silver nanoparticles Clinacanthus Nutans leaves extract induced apoptosis towards oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines

“…IC 50 of AgNps-CN towards HSC-4 cell lines was 1.61 ± 0.14 mg/mL. Recently, Palaniselvam et al (2015) suggested when HCT-116 treated with silver nanoparticles, percentage viability of cells affected and showed 50% cell death at 50 mg/mL [7]. Study by Sankar et al, (2013) reported anticancer effects of silver nanoparticle against human lung cancer cell lines (A549) with 50% of cell death at 100 mg/mL [22].…”

“…There are several studies reported phenolic compounds of the extract may enhance anticancer properties of silver nanoparticles. For example, silver nanoparticles synthesized by Commelina nudiflora caused cytotoxic activity towards human colon cancer cell lines [7]. Besides that, it increased the expression of caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9 which involved in apoptosis mechanism [7].…”

“…For example, silver nanoparticles synthesized by Commelina nudiflora caused cytotoxic activity towards human colon cancer cell lines [7]. Besides that, it increased the expression of caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9 which involved in apoptosis mechanism [7]. Therefore, many plant crude extracts that have anticancer properties had been studied in their silver nanoparticle forms.…”

<p>Nanoformulation of Biogenic Cefotaxime-Conjugated-Silver Nanoparticles for Enhanced Antibacterial Efficacy Against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria and Anticancer Studies</p>

“…In the same manner, Rejeeth et al 57 reported that the green-based synthesis of silver nanoscale molecule induced in vitro proliferation inhibition on the breast cancer cell. Also, Kuppusamy et al 58 investigated that the biosynthesized AgNPs using the aqueous extract of Commelina nudiflora L increased cytotoxicity and significantly reduced cell viability of colon cancer cells. Biofunctional silver nanoparticles synthesized within various plant extracts of clove and guava evidenced the satisfying anti-cancer impact versus four different human cancer cell lines; colorectal adenocarcinoma, kidney, chronic myelogenous, leukemia, bone marrow, and cervix.…”

Antineoplastic Properties of Phyto-synthesized Silver Nanoparticles from Hibiscus Sabdariffa Linn. Bark Extract

“…Plant extract synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been shown to possess better antimicrobial activities against a wide range of microorganisms including multidrug resistant bacteria and yeast pathogens 1 . AgNPs have been shown to be effective against a broad range of human cancers such as lung, cervical, breast, and colon cancer because the water-soluble organic moieties in the nanoparticles induce a synergistic antiproliferative effect in various cancer cell lines, and thus have proven useful in various types of cancer treatments [2][3][4][5][6] . AgNPs have been found to induce the apoptotic pathway in vitro through free oxygen radical generation, which has antitumor, antiproliferative and antiangiogenic effects in vitro 7 .…”