“…Third-generation OVs are “armed viruses” that have been cloned with immune stimulatory or toxic genes such as granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-2 to accelerate resistant antitumor immunity and increase tumor destruction [ 32 , 33 ]. A wide diversity of viruses have been investigated for their potential to act as oncolytic agents for BC, including adenoviruses, herpes simplex virus (HSV), Coxsackievirus, alphavirus, vaccinia virus, Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), et al [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 ]. Table 1 listed the OVs in preclinical studies.…”