New concept of traction force applied to biliary self-expandable metallic stents

Abstract

A low or constant traction force and a minimal shortening rate significantly facilitated SEMS deployment to optimal positions. Traction force could be an important element for new ideal SEMS design.

Covered duodenal self‐expandable metal stents prolong biliary stent patency in double stenting: The largest series of bilioduodenal obstruction

“…To deploy an SEMS in the optimal position, the force pulling on the delivery catheter (i.e. traction force) should be considered . Because these high technical success rates have been reported from institutions of various volume centers, DS could be carried out by endoscopists trained to a certain degree.…”

Novel characteristics of traction force in biliary self‐expandable metallic stents

“…It is essential to take into consideration the mechanical properties of SEMS for successful endoscopic metallic stenting. Appropriate SEMS deployment requires an understanding of traction force, traction momentum, and stent shortening rate . Although the shortening rate of a SEMS varies according to its structure (braided or laser cut), it does not change under different clinical conditions.…”

“…Appropriate SEMS deployment requires an understanding of traction force, traction momentum, and stent shortening rate. 12 Although the shortening rate of a SEMS varies according to its structure (braided or laser cut), it does not change under different clinical conditions. However, the traction force is affected by a patient's clinical characteristics.…”

“…A SEMS is deployed by retracting the delivery sheath, and the position thereof is maintained and adjusted using application of an appropriate retraction force. We previously defined this force as a ‘traction force’ and considered the amount of force required for complete deployment to be a ‘traction momentum’, measured as the area under the curve (AUC) of the traction force.…”

“…We previously found that, of the former four properties, the traction force and shortening rate of SEMS were especially important in terms of optimal stent deployment. 12 When a SEMS is deployed, its position is maintained by pulling the delivery catheter; the position can be adjusted by modulating the traction. A small pulling force will result in distal deployment of the SEMS; 'over-traction' will trigger proximal deployment or SEMS overextension.…”