Individually and Combined Water-Based Exercise With Ginger Supplement, on Systemic Inflammation and Metabolic Syndrome Indices, Among the Obese Women With Breast Neoplasms

Abstract

Background:Breast neoplasms has known as the most common cancer among the women worldwide, and relationship between obesity, metabolic syndrome, inflammation and cancer has been recognized since many years ago.Objectives:The aim of this study was to determine the individual and concomitant effect of 6-weeks water-based exercise and oral ginger supplement on markers that have related to metabolic syndrome and systemic inflammation in obese women with breast neoplasms.Patients and Methods:Forty women whose have diagnosed with breast neoplasms have volunteered to participate in the study. Subjects have randomly assigned into four groups; placebo, exercise training, ginger supplement and exercise training+ ginger supplement groups. Subjects in the ginger supplement group and the exercise training+ ginger supplement group have orally received 4 capsules, 7 days a week and for 6 weeks. The water-based exercise training program have collected at a progressive intensity and time, have ranged from 50% to 75% of heart rate reserve, in a pool, 4 times a week for 6 weeks. Fasting blood sampling has collected at the pretest and post-test.Results:The ginger supplementation and the water-base exercise have resulted in a reduction of hs-CRP, IL-10, insulin, glucose, insulin resistance, LDL-C, TG; but an increase in HDL-C and HDL-C/LDL-C. The water-base exercise and ginger supplement group have significantly shown larger positive effect in all outcomes, in comparison with the water-base exercise or ginger supplement alone groups.Conclusions:Findings have suggested that obese breast neoplasms survivors have commonly shown metabolic syndrome and elevated inflammation, which placed them at an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, data has indicated a protective effect of the nondrug strategies, such as water-base exercise and ginger supplementation have played an important role in pathogenesis of inflammatory and metabolic responses, among diagnosed breast neoplasms.

Effects of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Components of the Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

“…A total of 289 records were identified for the initial search, and 12 articles met the inclusion criteria, which were included in systematic review [ 21 – 32 ]. Since there were no results of outcomes of interest in two records [ 22 , 30 ], 10 articles were finally included in meta-analysis [ 21 , 23 – 29 , 31 , 32 ]. The details of the selection process and the reasons for exclusion of studies are summarized in Figure 1 .…”

Ginger on Human Health: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of 109 Randomized Controlled Trials

“…For instance, ginger supplementation has been found to notably reduce fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, and insulin resistance [85][86][87]. Additionally, lipid profiles (e.g., total cholesterol, and LDL-C), C-reactive protein, obesity-related cardiovascular risk factors have been found to reduce with ginger intake [24,[88][89][90]. In general, ginger has been found to indicate a beneficial effect on high dosage and long-term treatment in metabolic diseases.…”

The effect of ginger supplementation on serum C-reactive protein, lipid profile and glycaemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Regarding the effect of ginger supplementation on CRP, Naderi et al have reported that the concentration of inflammatory markers including CRP was reduced in the group treated with ginger compared with the group receiving placebo (5); moreover, Karimi et al reported that the ginger supplementation caused a reduction of hs-CRP, IL-10, blood glucose, LDL, and TG, and an increase in HDL (14). Imani et al indicated that daily administration of 1,000 mg ginger reduces serum fasting glucose (15).…”