A reliable method for spectrophotometric determination of glycine betaine in cell suspension and other systems

Valadez-Bustos, Ma. Guadalupe; Aguado-Santacruz, Gerardo Armando; Tiessen-Favier, Axel; Robledo-Paz, Alejandrina; Muñoz-Orozco, Abel; Rascón-Cruz, Quintín; Santacruz-Várela, Amalio

doi:10.1016/j.ab.2015.12.015

Cited by 35 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Undiluted samples as well as a 1:100 sample dilution were measured to ensure that the standard curve covered the detected amount in the sample. The amount of glycine betaine and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) was determined as described in Valadez-Bustos et al (2016) and Wekell and Barnett (1991). The chemicals and solutions for these assays were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich Chemie GmbH (Munich, Germany) and Roth.…”

Section: Quantification Of the Faas And Other Nps Including Ureamentioning

confidence: 99%

Alanine, proline and urea are major organic osmolytes in the snailTheodoxus fluviatilisunder hyperosmotic stress

Wiesenthal

Müller

Harder

et al. 2019

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Hyperosmotic stress may result in osmotic volume loss from the body to the environment in animals that cannot control the water permeability of their integument. Euryhaline animals (which have a wide tolerance range of environmental salinities) have generally evolved the ability to counteract cell volume shrinkage by accumulating inorganic and organic osmolytes within their cells to balance internal and external osmolalities. Molluscs use very different combinations of amino acids and amino acid derivatives to achieve this goal. Theodoxus fluviatilis is a neritid gastropod that is distributed not only in limnic habitats in Europe but also in brackish waters (e.g. along the shoreline of the Baltic Sea). Animals from brackish sites survive better in high salinities than animals from freshwater locations. The results of the present study indicate that these differences in salinity tolerance cannot be explained by differences in the general ability to accumulate amino acids as organic osmolytes. Although there may be differences in the metabolic pathways involved in osmolyte accumulation in foot muscle tissue, the two groups of animals accumulate amino acid mixtures equally well when stepwise acclimated to their respective maximum tolerable salinity for extended periods. Among these amino acids, alanine and proline, as well as the osmolyte urea, hold a special importance for cell volume preservation in T. fluviatilis under hyperosmotic stress. It is possible that the accumulation of various amino acids during hyperosmotic stress occurs via hydrolysis of storage proteins, while alanine and proline are probably newly synthesised under conditions of hyperosmotic stress in the animals.

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Section: Quantification Of the Faas And Other Nps Including Ureamentioning

confidence: 99%

Alanine, proline and urea are major organic osmolytes in the snailTheodoxus fluviatilisunder hyperosmotic stress

Wiesenthal

Müller

Harder

et al. 2019

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…This results in preservation of the intracellular osmotic equilibrium and regulation of signal transduction. GB also, by accumulating in the chloroplast, leads to protection of the components and function of thylakoid membrane under stress condition (Chen and Murata 2008;Valadez-Bustos et al 2016). Although different mechanisms relating Pro and GB production in plants, animals, and micro-organisms have been reported, the mechanism for increasing Pro and GB using PGPR on plants has not yet been reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morpho-Physiological and Biochemical Attributes of Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) Inoculated with Pseudomonas fluorescens under Deficit Irrigation

Mahdavi

Salehi

Zarei

2020

J Soil Sci Plant Nutr

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Urban green spaces are a form of land use that often require intensive maintenance and have social and ecological functions. Due to global water scarcity, management strategies regarding planting and maintenance vegetation, especially turfgrass, are changing in many countries. Tall fescue serves as one of the most important and commonly used cool-season turfgrass species and is considered to be drought tolerant. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), as bio-fertilizers, are also crucial in terms of decreasing and improving harmful effects of abiotic stresses in plants. This research considers inoculation with PGPR in turfgrass for the purpose of improving drought tolerance and reducing water consumption. This work was conducted over two consecutive years to study the effects of Pseudomonas fluorescens on two cultivars of tall fescue ('H-d' and 'J-r') with three irrigation intervals (7, 14, and 21 days) under greenhouse and outdoor conditions. Results showed that irrigating less frequently caused a reduction in tall fescue turf quality, fresh weight, chlorophyll content, relative water content, and phosphorus content. In most cases, the quantity of compatible solutes (proline and glycine betaine) and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and peroxidase) was increased; however, the rate of change was enhanced in turfgrass treated with PGPR. Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of turfgrass in greenhouse experiment were substantially superior in comparison with outdoor condition. This research is novel, as it is the first quantitative and qualitative study to the best of our knowledge exploring the effect of PGPR on turfgrass biomass. The level of amino acids, the activity rate of antioxidant enzymes, and the bacterium effects on turfgrass have been considered, both under greenhouse conditions and outdoor environment. This research provides a methodology to investigate various beneficial bacteria on turfgrass for the purpose of developing better management programs under stress conditions.

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“…based on published methods 37 (see 38 for validation of this method). 100 ml cultures of H. halochloris and H. halophila cells were harvested in the late exponential phase.…”

Section: Determination Of Cellular Glycine Betaine Content Glycine Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

A potassium chloride to glycine betaine osmoprotectant switch in the extreme halophile Halorhodospira halophila

Deole

Hoff

2020

Sci Rep

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halophiles for which osmoprotectant levels have been reported exclusively use either KCl or compatible solutes as their main osmoprotectants 4-6. This overarching view that has guided thinking regarding the dual nature of osmoprotection strategies has been challenged by recent experimental results 28,29 , which prompted us to perform the studies reported here. Most knowledge regarding halophilic osmoprotection strategies has been obtained through extensive studies of a very small number of organisms, particularly the Archaeon Halobacterium salinarum 17 and Salinibacter ruber (Bacteroidetes) 22,30. Therefore, we aimed to examine the osmoprotection strategy of extreme halophiles from other bacterial phyla, and selected two closely related 31 extremely halophilic purple photosynthetic Proteobacteria: Halorhodospira halophila 32 and Halorhodospira halochloris 33. While H. halochloris has been shown to utilize glycine betaine as its main osmoprotectant 34 , we found that H. halophila predominantly accumulates molar concentrations of KCl 28. This result implies a relatively recent and dramatic evolutionary change in osmoprotection strategy. Unexpectedly, we found that at lower salinity (approximately that of sea water) H. halophila retains an acidic proteome but does not accumulate cytoplasmic KCl beyond levels found in E. coli 28. This observation does not follow the expectation that acidic proteomes in halophiles require high levels of KCl to be functional. In addition, further studies revealed that many Halobacteriales are not limited to the use of KCl as their osmoprotectant but utilize organic osmoprotectants 29. Taken together, these observations imply an unexpected diversity in osmoprotection mechanisms. While most extreme halophiles are believed to dedicate their osmoprotection strategy either to the use of KCl or organic osmoprotectants, here we report the existence of an "omoprotection switch" in H. halophila, allowing this organism to switch between the KCl and organic osmoprotectant strategies depending on environmental conditions.

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A reliable method for spectrophotometric determination of glycine betaine in cell suspension and other systems

Cited by 35 publications

References 34 publications

Alanine, proline and urea are major organic osmolytes in the snailTheodoxus fluviatilisunder hyperosmotic stress

Alanine, proline and urea are major organic osmolytes in the snailTheodoxus fluviatilisunder hyperosmotic stress

Morpho-Physiological and Biochemical Attributes of Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) Inoculated with Pseudomonas fluorescens under Deficit Irrigation

A potassium chloride to glycine betaine osmoprotectant switch in the extreme halophile Halorhodospira halophila

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