WCRF/AICR recommendation adherence and breast cancer incidence among postmenopausal women with and without non‐modifiable risk factors

Nomura, Sarah; Inoue-Choi, Maki; Lazovich, DeAnn; Robien, Kim

doi:10.1002/ijc.29994

Cited by 54 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In addition to overall cancer incidence, eight studies reported results for female breast cancer incidence as an outcome (25, 27, 32-35). Consistent reductions in breast cancer incidence were demonstrated in the WHI, NIH-AARP, and EPIC cohorts for high adherence to nutrition and physical activity cancer prevention guidelines versus low adherence, with HRs (95% CIs) of HR=0.78, 95% CI: 0.67-0.92 (25), HR=0.81, 95% CI: 0.76-0.87 (27), and HR=0.84, 95% CI: 0.78-0.90, respectively (28).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meeting each additional guideline was associated with a 5% (HR=0.95, 95% CI: 0.91-0.98) or 6% (HR=0.94, 95% CI: 0.91-0.98) reduction in breast cancer incidence utilizing the WCRF/AICR and ACS recommendations, respectively (34). Most recently, Nomura et al (35) evaluated adherence to the WCRF/AICR guidelines and breast cancer incidence among postmenopausal women with and without non-modifiable risk factors in the Iowa Women’s Health Study (IWHS) (n=36,626). The eight point adherence score was collapsed into 4 categories: 0-3.5 points (low adherence), 4.0-4.5, 5.0-5.5, 6.0-8.0 (high adherence).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The eight point adherence score was collapsed into 4 categories: 0-3.5 points (low adherence), 4.0-4.5, 5.0-5.5, 6.0-8.0 (high adherence). High adherence compared to low adherence to WCRF/AICR guidelines was significantly associated with a reduction in breast cancer incidence (HR=0.76, 95% CI: 0.67-0.87) (35). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Adherence to Diet and Physical Activity Cancer Prevention Guidelines and Cancer Outcomes: A Systematic Review

Kohler

Garcia

Harris

et al. 2016

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

189

144

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Many studies have reported that adherence to health promotion guidelines for diet, physical activity, and maintenance of healthy body weight may decrease cancer incidence and mortality. A systematic review was performed to examine associations between adherence to established cancer prevention guidelines for diet and physical activity and overall cancer incidence and mortality. PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Reviews databases were searched following the current recommendations of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis Approach (PRISMA). Twelve studies met inclusion criteria for this review. High versus low adherence to established nutrition and physical activity cancer prevention guidelines was consistently and significantly associated with decreases of 10% to 61% in overall cancer colorectal cancer incidence in both men and women (27%-52%). Consistent significant reductions were also shown for breast cancer incidence (19-60%), endometrial cancer incidence (23-60%), and colorectal cancer incidence in both men and women (35-52%). Findings for lung cancer incidence were equivocal and no significant relationships were found between adherence and ovarian or prostate cancers. Adhering to cancer prevention guidelines for diet and physical activity is consistently associated with lower risks of overall cancer incidence and mortality, including for some site-specific cancers.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Adherence to Diet and Physical Activity Cancer Prevention Guidelines and Cancer Outcomes: A Systematic Review

Kohler

Garcia

Harris

et al. 2016

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

189

144

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although, earlier studies reported strong inverse association with breast cancer risk. Estimates ranged from HR: 0.40 (95% CI: 0.25–0.65) (27) to HR: 0.76 (95% CI: 0.67–0.87) (29) comparing the adherence to more than five and six recommendations vs. 1 and 0, respectively. These discrepancies in results with previous studies may be explainable by different reference categories used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence to the WCRF/AICR Dietary Recommendations for Cancer Prevention and Risk of Cancer in Elderly from Europe and the United States: A Meta-Analysis within the CHANCES Project

Jankovic

Geelen

Winkels

et al. 2017

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Background It is unknown if dietary recommendations for cancer prevention are applicable to the elderly. We analyzed WCRF/AICR recommendations in cohorts of European and US adults aged 60 years and above. Methods Individual participant data meta-analysis including 361,616 participants (43% women), from seven prospective cohort studies, free from cancer at enrollment. The WCRF/AICR diet score was based on: 1) energy-dense foods and sugary drinks, 2) plant foods, 3) red and processed meat 4) alcoholic drinks. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to examine the association between the diet score and cancer risks. Adjusted, cohort-specific hazard ratios (HR) were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. Risk Advancement Periods (RAP) were calculated to quantify the time period by which the risk of cancer was postponed among those adhering to the recommendations. Results After a median follow-up of 10 to 15 years across cohorts, 70,877 cancer cases were identified. Each one-point increase in the WCRF/AICR diet score [range 0 (no) to 4 (complete adherence)] was significantly associated with a lower risk of total cancer (HR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.92–0.97), cancers of the colorectum (HR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.80–0.89), prostate (HR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.92–0.97), but not breast or lung. Adherence to an additional component of the WCRF/AICR diet score significantly postponed the incidence of cancer at any site by 1.6 years (RAP: −1.6, 95% CI: −4.09 to −2.16). Conclusion Adherence to WCRF/AICR dietary recommendations is associated with lower risk of cancer among older adults. Impact Dietary recommendations for cancer prevention are applicable to the elderly.

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“…Gramling et al (2010) reported from the Women’s Health Initiative study that participating in healthy behaviors (higher physical activity, low alcohol intake and appropriate body weight) was beneficial for risk reduction in postmenopausal women and the degree of this benefit was the same for women with or without a family history of BC. Recent work by Nomura et al (2016) has also reported that adherence to cancer prevention guidance (WCRF/AICR) is associated with lower breast cancer risk regardless of non-modifiable (taller height, family history of breast cancer, greater number of years of potential fertility and nulliparity) risk factor status.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Behaviors and their Relationship with Disease Control in People Attending Genetic Clinics with a Family History of Breast or Colorectal Cancer

Anderson

Caswell

Macleod

et al. 2016

Journal of Genetic Counseling

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The current work aimed to assess health behaviors, perceived risk and control over breast/colorectal cancer risk and views on lifestyle advice amongst attendees at cancer family history clinics. Participants attending the East of Scotland Genetics Service were invited to complete a questionnaire (demographic data, weight and height, health behaviors and psycho-social measures of risk and perceived control) and to participate in an in-depth interview. The questionnaire was completed by 237 (49 %) of attendees, ranging from 18 to 77 years (mean age 46 (±10) years). Reported smoking rates (11 %) were modest, most (54 %) had a BMI > 25 kg/m2, 55 % had low levels of physical activity, 58 % reported inappropriate alcohol intakes and 90 % had fiber intakes indicative of a low plant diet. Regression analysis indicated that belief in health professional control was associated with higher, and belief in fatalism with poorer health behavior. Qualitative findings highlighted doubts about the link between lifestyle and cancer, and few were familiar with the current evidence. Whilst lifestyle advice was considered interesting in general there was little appetite for non-tailored guidance. In conclusion, current health behaviors are incongruent with cancer risk reduction guidance amongst patients who have actively sought advice on disease risk. There are some indications that lifestyle advice would be welcomed but endorsement requires a sensitive and flexible approach, and the acceptability of lifestyle interventions remains to be explored.

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WCRF/AICR recommendation adherence and breast cancer incidence among postmenopausal women with and without non‐modifiable risk factors

Cited by 54 publications

References 47 publications

Adherence to Diet and Physical Activity Cancer Prevention Guidelines and Cancer Outcomes: A Systematic Review

Adherence to Diet and Physical Activity Cancer Prevention Guidelines and Cancer Outcomes: A Systematic Review

Adherence to the WCRF/AICR Dietary Recommendations for Cancer Prevention and Risk of Cancer in Elderly from Europe and the United States: A Meta-Analysis within the CHANCES Project

Health Behaviors and their Relationship with Disease Control in People Attending Genetic Clinics with a Family History of Breast or Colorectal Cancer

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