RETRACTED: Calcium and SOL Protease Mediate Temperature Resetting of Circadian Clocks

Tataroglu, Ozgur; Zhao, Xiaohu; Busza, Ania; Ling, Jinli; O’Neill, John S.; Emery, Patrick

doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.10.031

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 73 publications

(102 reference statements)

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“…S3) have failed to find this effect, and subsequent work by other groups has cast doubt on the role of cryptochrome in circadian temperature entrainment (57,58). New data from the laboratory of Patrick Emery (39) suggest that calcium signaling is essential for circadian temperature responses and that the above-mentioned neural pathways converge by calciumdependent degradation of TIM.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…S4) suggest that separate mechanisms are present for hot and cold responses even with Drosophila. New data from the laboratory of Patrick Emery (39) suggest that the various neural pathways involved in circadian temperature signaling all act via calcium-dependent degradation of TIM through the SOL protease pathway. The data show that inhibiting calcium signaling significantly reduces circadian phase shifts in response to temperature changes and, most interestingly, that the calcium response to a temperature step appears to be adaptive, just as our model predicts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, as Hong et al (37) have pointed out, many period-affecting mutations in circadian genes do not affect temperature compensation, which is difficult to explain in a model where careful balancing of rates is required to allow temperature compensation. Second, some experiments have suggested that specific signaling pathways are present for mediating circadian temperature sensation (38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44) and that removing these pathways eliminates phase shifting of the clock in response to temperature changes. These results cast doubt on the idea that the entire circadian clock is temperature-sensitive.…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Temperature compensation and temperature sensation in the circadian clock

Kidd

Young

Siggia

2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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All known circadian clocks have an endogenous period that is remarkably insensitive to temperature, a property known as temperature compensation, while at the same time being readily entrained by a diurnal temperature oscillation. Although temperature compensation and entrainment are defining features of circadian clocks, their mechanisms remain poorly understood. Most models presume that multiple steps in the circadian cycle are temperature-dependent, thus facilitating temperature entrainment, but then insist that the effect of changes around the cycle sums to zero to enforce temperature compensation. An alternative theory proposes that the circadian oscillator evolved from an adaptive temperature sensor: a gene circuit that responds only to temperature changes. This theory implies that temperature changes should linearly rescale the amplitudes of clock component oscillations but leave phase relationships and shapes unchanged. We show using timeless luciferase reporter measurements and Western blots against TIMELESS protein that this prediction is satisfied by the Drosophila circadian clock. We also review evidence for pathways that couple temperature to the circadian clock, and show previously unidentified evidence for coupling between the Drosophila clock and the heat-shock pathway.circadian clock | temperature compensation | mathematical models C ircadian rhythms are daily oscillations in gene expression and protein concentration that regulate sleep (1, 2), metabolism (3,4), and a host of other biological processes (5-8). Circadian oscillations are known to be present in nearly all animals and plants, as well as some fungi and bacteria (9). In all organisms in which circadian oscillations have been observed, circadian oscillations satisfy three defining properties (10). First, circadian oscillations are self-sustained and spontaneously maintain a period of about 24 h. Second, the circadian rhythm is sensitive to light and temperature and can be synchronized to external oscillations in the quantity of either. Third, the period of the circadian oscillation is "temperature-compensated"; that is, the endogenous period of the oscillation is relatively insensitive to temperature.The genetic basis of circadian clocks has been elucidated in considerable detail over the past two decades, particularly in the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster, the mouse Mus musculus, and the bread mold Neurospora crassa (11). In Drosophila, a self-sustained circadian oscillation in neurons is generated when a pair of proteins, PERIOD (PER) and TIMELESS (TIM), dimerize and, after some delay, translocate into the nucleus, where the proteins repress their own transcription by inactivating a transcription factor dimer composed of the proteins CLOCK and CYCLE. Light sensitivity is mediated by the blue light photoreceptor CRYPTOCHROME (CRY), which upon activation binds TIMELESS and promotes TIMELESS degradation. A remarkably similar mechanism underlies circadian clocks in mouse and Neurospora. The circadian clock of cyanobacteria has also bee...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Temperature compensation and temperature sensation in the circadian clock

Kidd

Young

Siggia

2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Although the roles of calpains in lipid metabolism have not been clarified in Drosophila, the proteolytic activity of calpain A is shown to be enhanced by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 4-monophosphate, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidic acid (32). Recently, it was also reported that SOL mediates temperature reset of the circadian clock (33), anticipating the participation of calpain in the temperature-sensitive regulation of membrane fluidity. Therefore, it is plausible that calpains are involved in the regulation of DESAT1 expression that modulates phospholipid composition and lipid membrane fluidity.…”

Section: Role Of Di-proline Motif In ⌬9-desaturase Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An N-terminal di-proline motif is essential for fatty acid–dependent degradation of Δ9-desaturase in Drosophila

Murakami

Nagao

Juni

et al. 2017

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Edited by Dennis R. VoelkerThe ⌬9-fatty acid desaturase introduces a double bond at the ⌬9 position of the acyl moiety of acyl-CoA and regulates the cellular levels of unsaturated fatty acids. However, it is unclear how ⌬9-desaturase expression is regulated in response to changes in the levels of fatty acid desaturation. In this study, we found that the degradation of DESAT1, the sole ⌬9-desaturase in the Drosophila cell line S2, was significantly enhanced when the amounts of unsaturated acyl chains of membrane phospholipids were increased by supplementation with unsaturated fatty acids, such as oleic and linoleic acids. In contrast, inhibition of DESAT1 activity remarkably suppressed its degradation. Of note, removal of the DESAT1 N-terminal domain abolished the responsiveness of DESAT1 degradation to the level of fatty acid unsaturation. Further truncation and amino acid replacement analyses revealed that two sequential prolines, the second and third residues of DESAT1, were responsible for the unsaturated fatty acid-dependent degradation. Although degradation of mouse stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) was unaffected by changes in fatty acid unsaturation, introduction of the N-terminal sequential proline residues into SCD1 conferred responsiveness to unsaturated fatty acid-dependent degradation. Furthermore, we also found that the Ca 2؉ -dependent cysteine protease calpain is involved in the sequential proline-dependent degradation of DESAT1. In light of these findings, we designated the sequential prolines at the second and third positions of DESAT1 as a "di-proline motif," which plays a crucial role in the regulation of ⌬9-desaturase expression in response to changes in the level of cellular unsaturated fatty acids.

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“…These physiological rhythms, in turn, can serve as reinforcing feedback to both the SCN (non-photic cues) and to the CNS and local targets (Balsalobre et al, 2000;Buhr et al, 2010;Stokkan et al, 2001;Tataroglu et al, 2015). Under this model, the phase relations between the SCN and peripheral targets are generally regarded as hard-wired and rigid, ensuring the rhythms are accurately timed relative to the light-dark cycle.…”

Section: Temporal Niche Switchingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The flexible clock: predictive and reactive homeostasis, energy balance and the circadian regulation of sleep–wake timing

Riede

Vinne

Hut

2017

Journal of Experimental Biology

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The Darwinian fitness of mammals living in a rhythmic environment depends on endogenous daily (circadian) rhythms in behavior and physiology. Here, we discuss the mechanisms underlying the circadian regulation of physiology and behavior in mammals. We also review recent efforts to understand circadian flexibility, such as how the phase of activity and rest is altered depending on the encountered environment. We explain why shifting activity to the day is an adaptive strategy to cope with energetic challenges and show how this can reduce thermoregulatory costs. A framework is provided to make predictions about the optimal timing of activity and rest of non-model species for a wide range of habitats. This Review illustrates how the timing of daily rhythms is reciprocally linked to energy homeostasis, and it highlights the importance of this link in understanding daily rhythms in physiology and behavior.

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RETRACTED: Calcium and SOL Protease Mediate Temperature Resetting of Circadian Clocks

Cited by 18 publications

References 73 publications

Temperature compensation and temperature sensation in the circadian clock

Temperature compensation and temperature sensation in the circadian clock

An N-terminal di-proline motif is essential for fatty acid–dependent degradation of Δ9-desaturase in Drosophila

The flexible clock: predictive and reactive homeostasis, energy balance and the circadian regulation of sleep–wake timing

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