False-positive uptake on radioiodine whole-body scan due to bronchiectasis

Santo, Raquel Espírito; Marques, Pedro; Bugalho, Maria João

doi:10.1136/bcr-2015-213169

BMJ Case Reports

2015

DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2015-213169

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False-positive uptake on radioiodine whole-body scan due to bronchiectasis

Raquel Espírito Santo

Pedro Marques²,

Maria João Bugalho

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“…Hybrid scanners allowed nuclear medicine physicians to identify diagnostic pitfalls occurring in clinical practice. [4] Similarly, to other reports on this topic,[56] the use of CT with “lung window” allowed to identify diffuse 131 I-avid bronchiectasis in a single diagnostic session, minimizing patient discomfort. The 131 I uptake in bronchiectasis is due to expression of sodium-iodide symporter in secretions.…”

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confidence: 90%

¹³¹I uptake in bronchiectasis detected by single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography during follow-up of thyroid cancer

Calabria¹,

Lanzillotta²,

Leporace³

et al. 2019

Indian J Nucl Med

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During follow-up of thyroid cancer, 131 I whole-body scan showed intense tracer uptake in the right hemithorax of a patient previously submitted to thyroidectomy and radioiodine therapy for differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroglobulin was undetectable at the time of the scan. Single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) of the thorax correctly identified widespread bronchiectasis 131 I-avid in the middle lobe of the right lung. After bronchoalveolar lavage, a bronchial specimen was positive for Mycobacterium avium infection. Hybrid imaging with SPECT/CT allowed to correctly identify a false-positive case of 131 I uptake due to inflammation in a single diagnostic session, minimizing patient discomfort or misdiagnoses.

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mentioning

confidence: 90%

¹³¹I uptake in bronchiectasis detected by single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography during follow-up of thyroid cancer

Calabria¹,

Lanzillotta²,

Leporace³

et al. 2019

Indian J Nucl Med

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Radioiodine whole body scan pitfalls in differentiated thyroid cancer

Basso,

Colapinto,

Vicennati

et al. 2024

Endocrine

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Pictorial Review of False-Positive Results on Radioiodine Scintigrams of Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

Chudgar¹,

Shah²

2017

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Radioiodine has served an important role in the diagnostic workup and treatment of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer for more than 6 decades. The interpretation of radioiodine scintigraphic studies should be performed in conjunction with a comprehensive history, histopathologic correlation, and pertinent laboratory values, as well as correlation with available anatomic images and the findings from physical examination. A thorough understanding of the physiology and biodistribution of radioiodine is critical when interpreting radioiodine scintigraphic studies to avoid misinterpretation of physiologic and nonthyroid pathologic variants as thyroid cancer metastases. Differentiating a false-positive finding from a true metastasis on pretherapy radioiodine scintigrams is important to determine the appropriate radioiodine treatment dose. The correct interpretation of posttherapy radioiodine scintigraphic studies is also important to determine if repeat radioiodine treatment will be necessary and for the future clinical and imaging followup of the patient. A variety of different factors, such as the presence of the sodium-iodide symporter and the passive diffusion or retention of radioiodine in normal and pathologic structures, can result in false-positive results on radioiodine scintigrams. Numerous false-positive findings have been reported in the literature and are further demonstrated with the increasing availability of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) integrated with computed tomography (CT) as true dual-modality imaging (SPECT/CT). SPECT/CT has been documented to be of incremental value in the accurate anatomic localization and characterization of radioiodine uptake as false-positive findings, particularly in cases with discordant findings of a low serum thyroglobulin level but positive findings on radioiodine whole-body planar scintigrams. The objectives of this review are to describe the physiology and biodistribution of radioiodine and to provide examples of false-positive results on radioiodine scintigrams, with clinical and anatomic correlation, in the following categories of radioiodine uptake: functional uptake secondary to sodium-iodide symporter expression, radioiodine retention, nonthyroid neoplasms, inflammatory or infectious uptake, contamination, and other causes. RSNA, 2017.

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False-positive uptake on radioiodine whole-body scan due to bronchiectasis

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

¹³¹I uptake in bronchiectasis detected by single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography during follow-up of thyroid cancer

¹³¹I uptake in bronchiectasis detected by single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography during follow-up of thyroid cancer

Radioiodine whole body scan pitfalls in differentiated thyroid cancer

Pictorial Review of False-Positive Results on Radioiodine Scintigrams of Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

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False-positive uptake on radioiodine whole-body scan due to bronchiectasis

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

131I uptake in bronchiectasis detected by single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography during follow-up of thyroid cancer

131I uptake in bronchiectasis detected by single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography during follow-up of thyroid cancer

Radioiodine whole body scan pitfalls in differentiated thyroid cancer

Pictorial Review of False-Positive Results on Radioiodine Scintigrams of Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

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Product

Resources

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¹³¹I uptake in bronchiectasis detected by single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography during follow-up of thyroid cancer

¹³¹I uptake in bronchiectasis detected by single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography during follow-up of thyroid cancer