Mechanics of tissue compaction

Turlier, Hervé; Maître, Jean-Léon

doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.08.001

Cited by 49 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“…To understand how mechanics might control epithelialization and goblet cell differentiation, we sought to test the roles of actomyosin contractility and cell-cell adhesion, key mediators of tissue mechanics in embryos 20 . To reduce contractility we expanded our earlier perturbations of cell contractility by incubating aggregates in either a Myosin II inhibitor, blebbistatin (100 μM), or a Rho-Kinase inhibitor, Y27632 (50 μM).…”

Section: Tissue Mechanics Controls Epithelialization and Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue mechanics drives regeneration of a mucociliated epidermis on the surface of Xenopus embryonic aggregates

et al. 2020

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Injury, surgery, and disease often disrupt tissues and it is the process of regeneration that aids the restoration of architecture and function. Regeneration can occur through multiple strategies including stem cell expansion, transdifferentiation, or proliferation of differentiated cells. We have identified a case of regeneration in Xenopus embryonic aggregates that restores a mucociliated epithelium from mesenchymal cells. Following disruption of embryonic tissue architecture and assembly of a compact mesenchymal aggregate, regeneration first restores an epithelium, transitioning from mesenchymal cells at the surface of the aggregate. Cells establish apico-basal polarity within 5 hours and a mucociliated epithelium within 24 hours. Regeneration coincides with nuclear translocation of the putative mechanotransducer YAP1 and a sharp increase in aggregate stiffness, and regeneration can be controlled by altering stiffness. We propose that regeneration of a mucociliated epithelium occurs in response to biophysical cues sensed by newly exposed cells on the surface of a disrupted mesenchymal tissue.

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Section: Tissue Mechanics Controls Epithelialization and Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue mechanics drives regeneration of a mucociliated epidermis on the surface of Xenopus embryonic aggregates

et al. 2020

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“…Moreover, spatio‐temporal mapping of the surface tensions during compaction reveals that the forces responsible for ∼3/4 of compaction are located at the contact‐free interface, out of reach for adhesion molecules alone (Maître et al., ). Instead of gluing or zipping themselves together, blastomeres literally pull themselves together to compact the embryo by increasing the tension at the edges of the cell–cell contacts (Barone and Heisenberg, ; Turlier and Maître, ; Winklbauer, ). Of course, adhesion molecules are essential but their role is not to generate forces and rather to provide mechanical stability to cell–cell contacts (Maître and Heisenberg, ).…”

Section: Compactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanics of blastocyst morphogenesis

Maître

2017

Biology of the Cell

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During pre-implantation development, the mammalian zygote transforms into the blastocyst, the structure that will implant the embryo in the maternal uterus. Consisting of a squamous epithelium enveloping a fluid-filled cavity and the inner cell mass, the blastocyst is sculpted by a succession of morphogenetic events. These deformations result from the changes in the forces and mechanical properties of the tissue composing the embryo. Here, I review the recent studies, which, for the first time, informed us on the mechanics of blastocyst morphogenesis.

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“…CellFIT was then used to investigate eight-cell murine embryos (figure 4a and electronic supplementary materials) undergoing compaction, a process considered to be driven by surface tensions [21,51]. Interfaces were typically seen in at least five slices.…”

Section: Application To Murine Embryosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inferring cellular forces from image stacks

Veldhuis

Ehsandar

Maître

et al. 2017

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Although the importance of cellular forces to a wide range of embryogenesis and disease processes is widely recognized, measuring these forces is challenging, especially in three dimensions. Here, we introduce CellFIT-3D, a force inference technique that allows tension maps for three-dimensional cellular systems to be estimated from image stacks. Like its predecessors, video force microscopy and CellFIT, this cell mechanics technique assumes boundary-specific interfacial tensions to be the primary drivers, and it constructs force-balance equations based on triple junction (TJ) dihedral angles. The technique involves image processing, segmenting of cells, grouping of cell outlines, calculation of dihedral planes, averaging along three-dimensional TJs, and matrix equation assembly and solution. The equations tend to be strongly overdetermined, allowing indistinct TJs to be ignored and solution error estimates to be determined. Application to clean and noisy synthetic data generated using Surface Evolver gave tension errors of 1.6-7%, and analyses of eight-cell murine embryos gave estimated errors smaller than the 10% uncertainty of companion aspiration experiments. Other possible areas of application include morphogenesis, cancer metastasis and tissue engineering.This article is part of the themed issue 'Systems morphodynamics: understanding the development of tissue hardware'.

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Mechanics of tissue compaction

Cited by 49 publications

References 111 publications

Tissue mechanics drives regeneration of a mucociliated epidermis on the surface of Xenopus embryonic aggregates

Tissue mechanics drives regeneration of a mucociliated epidermis on the surface of Xenopus embryonic aggregates

Mechanics of blastocyst morphogenesis

Inferring cellular forces from image stacks

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