The association between metabolic syndrome and the risk of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: a case-control study in China

Xu, Sheng; Zhang, Guiming; Guan, Fengju; Dong, Dahai; Luo, Lei; Li, Bin; Ma, Xiaocheng; Zhao, Jingbo; Sun, Lili

doi:10.1186/s12957-015-0631-5

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The Cox model compared the risk of incident UB cancer between the hypertension and non-hypertension groups, after controlling for smoking-related diagnoses, morbid obesity, and chronic liver disease, and revealed a 32% increase in the risk in the hypertension group. PSM allowed us to seek an adequate balance between the hypertension and non-hypertension groups regarding aspects such as advancing age, excessive alcohol consumption ( 22 ), diabetes ( 23 ), chronic cystitis ( 24 ), and spinal cord injury ( 25 ), which are established risk factors for UB cancer. In our propensity analysis, essential hypertension was independently associated with the risk of developing UB cancer during follow-up, after adjusting for smoking-related diagnosis, morbid obesity ( 26 ), and chronic liver disease ( 27 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive association between hypertension and urinary bladder cancer: epidemiologic evidence involving 79,236 propensity score-matched individuals

Kok

Zhang

Lin

et al. 2018

Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionWe hypothesized that hypertensive patients harbor a higher risk of urinary bladder (UB) cancer.Material and methodsWe performed a population-based cohort study on adults using a National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) dataset. Hypertension and comparison non-hypertensive (COMP) groups comprising 39,618 patients each were propensity score-matched by age, sex, index date, and medical comorbidities. The outcome was incident UB cancer validated using procedure codes. We constructed multivariable Cox models to derive adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Cumulative incidence was compared using a log-rank test.ResultsDuring a total follow-up duration of 380,525 and 372,020 person-years in the hypertension and COMP groups, 248 and 186 patients developed UB cancer, respectively, representing a 32% increase in the risk (aHR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.09–1.60). Hypertensive women harbored a significantly increased risk of UB cancer (aHR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.12–2.13) compared with non-hypertensive women, whereas men with hypertension had a statistically non-significant increased risk (aHR, 1.22; 95% CI, 0.96–1.55). The sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the increased risk was sustained throughout different follow-up durations for the entire cohort; a statistical increase in the risk was also noted among hypertensive men.ConclusionThis nationwide population-based propensity score-matched cohort study supports a positive association between hypertension and subsequent UB cancer development.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive association between hypertension and urinary bladder cancer: epidemiologic evidence involving 79,236 propensity score-matched individuals

Kok

Zhang

Lin

et al. 2018

Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Change in lifestyle and nutrition might be such factors. Metabolic syndrome is also associated with an increased risk of UBC [8] , as well as with other malignancies. [9] One lifestyle medication is the increased prescription of statins in the population for elevated blood lipids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between occurrence of urinary bladder cancer and treatment with statin medication

Lundberg

Hagberg

Jahnson

et al. 2019

Turkish Journal of Urology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: The incidence of urinary bladder cancer (UBC) has increased in Sweden despite decreased smoking, indicating that other factors might be associated. The increased use of statin medication for elevated blood lipids might be one such influencing factor. The aim of the present study was to assess whether statins are afflicted with an increased incidence of UBC. Material and methods: Data from the Swedish National Register of Urinary Bladder Cancer, National Population Register, and Swedish Prescribed Drug Register were extracted. There were 22,936 patients with new diagnosed UBC between 2005 and 2014. Statin prescription was defined as any medication prescribed with the Anatomical Therapeutic Classification code C10A. For each patient, 10 control individuals were matched by age, gender, and living area, comprising 229,326 individuals. The Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test was used to evaluate the hazards ratios. Results: Statins were more frequently used in patients with UBC (33.8%) than in controls (29.8%, p<0.0001). The use of statins was afflicted with a 23% increased odds ratio (OR) for UBC (OR 1.23 (1.19-1.27), p<0.001). Subgroup analyses showed that an increased OR was found in non-muscle invasive UBC only. There was a tendency that OR was stronger for men and for younger patients. Limitations include its retrospective register-based design and potential risk of bias of confounding factors, such as smoking and body mass index. Conclusion: This nationwide register study suggests an association between the occurrence of UBC and patients using statins. The association was found in patients with non-muscle invasive disease only. Confounding factors, such as smoking, cannot be overruled.

show abstract

“…In one study conducted in Asia, Xu et al 29 reported that diabetes and hypertriglyceridemia but not obesity and hypertension increased the risk of bladder cancer; as the number of metabolic syndrome components increased, so did the risk of bladder cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased incidence of bladder cancer with metabolically unhealthy status: analysis from the National Health Checkup database in Korea

Kim

Ahn

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We assessed the association between metabolic health status and the incidence of bladder cancer using nationally representative data from the national Health insurance System and national Health Checkups (NHC) databases in South Korea. Data for 11,781,768 men who participated in the NHC between 2009 and 2012 were analysed. The normal-weight and physically obese categories were defined as body mass indexes (BMI) < 25 and ≥25 kg/m 2 , respectively. Metabolically obese was defined as the presence of ≥3 components of metabolic syndrome. The participants were stratified into metabolically healthy, normal-weight (MHNW); metabolically obese, normal-weight (MONW); metabolically healthy, obese (MHO); metabolically obese, obese (MOO). Multivariate-adjusted Cox regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between metabolic health status and the incidence of bladder cancer. The study participants included 17,777 men newly registered with bladder cancer. Analysis according to metabolic health status classification revealed a higher multivariableadjusted hazard ratio in the MOO, MONW group than in the MHO group (1.307 [95% CI: 1.258-1.358], 1.183 [95% CI: 1.137-1.231] and 1.066 [95% CI: 1.017-1.119], respectively; hazard ratios given relative to MHnW group) We found an association between metabolic health status and the incidence of bladder cancer, with an increasing risk according to the number of metabolic health status components. Data source and study population. InSouth Korea, the National Health Insurance System (NHIS) established in 2000 covers about 98% of the citizens (about 50 million in 2014) 15 . All insurance members and dependents are asked to undergo a free biannual health check-up as part of the NHIS. In 2013, about 68% of members received a full health check-up 16 , making it possible to obtain information on population-wide disease status 17 .In the present study, sex, birth date, past history, medication history, socioeconomic data, body size phenotypes, and diagnostic codes based on the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and related health problems 10th revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) were retrieved.Data from a total of 11,781,768 men who participated in the National Health Checkups (NHC) program between January 2009 and December 2012 were analysed. Body size phenotypes were classified according to BMI, which was calculated from measured height and weight, and the presence or absence of metabolic syndrome according to the results of the NHC 17 .Since patients that are diagnosed with cancer, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, and rare disease are entitled to economic benefits from the Korean government 18 , almost all physician-diagnosed cancer patients are registered in the central database 19 . Bladder cancer was coded as C67 in the ICD-10-CM. A flowchart for the selection of the study participants is shown in Fig. 1. Definition of metabolic health status. 'Physically obese' was categorized according to the World HealthOrganization's (WHO) definit...

show abstract

The association between metabolic syndrome and the risk of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: a case-control study in China

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Positive association between hypertension and urinary bladder cancer: epidemiologic evidence involving 79,236 propensity score-matched individuals

Positive association between hypertension and urinary bladder cancer: epidemiologic evidence involving 79,236 propensity score-matched individuals

Association between occurrence of urinary bladder cancer and treatment with statin medication

Increased incidence of bladder cancer with metabolically unhealthy status: analysis from the National Health Checkup database in Korea

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About