Retraction Note: Intragastric exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles induced nephrotoxicity in mice, assessed by physiological and gene expression modifications

Shen, Guanghui; Sang, Xuezi; Zheng, Lei; Ze, Yuguan; Zhao, Xiaoyang; Sheng, Lei; Sun, Qingqing; Cheng, Zhe; Cheng, Jie; Hu, Renping; Hong, Fashui; Tang, Meng

doi:10.1186/s12989-015-0097-1

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Conversely, positive results were reported by other authors in Comet assays with A549 cells (anatase, 140 nm, Jugan et al, 2012; fine TiO 2 , 1 lm size, Karlsson,2009), BEAS-2B cells (fine rutile; Falck et al, 2009), SHE cells (anatase 160 nm and rutile 530 nm, Guichard et al, 2012), and for H2AX phosphorylation in A549 cells (anatase, 5 lm, Toyooka et al, 2012).…”

Section: Summary Of Genotoxicity Datamentioning

confidence: 72%

“…(); Zhao et al. (); Hu et al., b) were retracted from the journals by the Editor due to deficiencies and inadequate reporting of the data (Hu et al., ; Gui et al., ; Zhao et al., ). These deficiencies were the use of the same 5% standard deviation or standard error for all measured values and thus the real variation and statistical significance of the results cannot be evaluated.…”

Section: Biological and Toxicological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the Panel wants to emphasise that E 171 is not an (engineered) nanomaterial. The Panel was aware of the extensive database on TiO 2 nanomaterials, Gui et al (2013); Zhao et al (2014); Hu et al, 2011b) were retracted from the journals by the Editor due to deficiencies and inadequate reporting of the data (Hu et al, 2011a;Gui et al, 2015;Zhao et al, 2015). These deficiencies were the use of the same 5% standard deviation or standard error for all measured values and thus the real variation and statistical significance of the results cannot be evaluated.…”

Section: Biological and Toxicological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the TK6 cells did take up TiO 2 nanoparticles, no significant induction of DNA breakage or oxidative DNA damage was observed in treated cells using the standard alkaline Comet assay and the endonuclease III and human 8-hydroxyguanine DNA-glycosylase (hOGG1)-modified Comet assay, respectively. Guichard et al (2012) studied the in vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of commercially available nanosized and microsized anatase TiO 2 and rutile TiO 2 in SHE cells. Samples had the following characteristics: anatase, 14 AE 4 nm; anatase, 160 AE 48 nm; rutile, 62 AE 24 nm; and rutile, 530 AE 216 nm.…”

Section: In Vitromentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Re-evaluation of titanium dioxide (E 171) as a food additive

2016

EFSA Journal

114

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present Opinion deals with the re-evaluation of the safety of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 , E 171) when used as a food additive. From the available data on absorption, distribution and excretion, the EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food concluded that the absorption of orally administered TiO 2 is extremely low and the low bioavailability of TiO 2 appears to be independent of particle size. The Panel concluded that the use of TiO 2 as a food additive does not raise a genotoxic concern. From a carcinogenicity study with TiO 2 in mice and in rats, the Panel chose the lowest no observed adverse effects levels (NOAEL) which was 2,250 mg TiO 2 /kg body weight (bw) per day for males from the rat study, the highest dose tested in this species and sex. The Panel noted that possible adverse effects in the reproductive system were identified in some studies conducted with material which was either non-food-grade or inadequately characterised nanomaterial (i.e. not E 171). There were no such indications in the available, albeit limited, database on reproductive endpoints for the food additive (E 171). The Panel was unable to reach a definitive conclusion on this endpoint due to the lack of an extended 90-day study or a multigeneration or extended-one generation reproduction toxicity study with the food additive (E 171). Therefore, the Panel did not establish an acceptable daily intake (ADI). The Panel considered that, on the database currently available and the considerations on the absorption of TiO 2 , the margins of safety (MoS) calculated from the NOAEL of 2,250 mg TiO 2 /kg bw per day identified in the toxicological data available and exposure data obtained from the reported use/analytical levels of TiO 2 (E 171) would not be of concern. The Panel concluded that once definitive and reliable data on the reproductive toxicity of E 171 were available, the full dataset would enable the Panel to establish a health-based guidance value (ADI).

show abstract

Section: Summary Of Genotoxicity Datamentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Biological and Toxicological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biological and Toxicological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: In Vitromentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Re-evaluation of titanium dioxide (E 171) as a food additive

2016

EFSA Journal

114

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…on type and possible mechanisms of induced effects. The studies of the Medical College of Soochow University (Suzhou, China) were not considered, as some were retracted by the journal (Gui et al, 2015;Zhao et al, 2015) and others showed the same 5% standard deviation for all measured values, i.e. application of the same inappropriate statistical methods.…”

Section: Kinetic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk assessment of titanium dioxide nanoparticles via oral exposure, including toxicokinetic considerations

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Titanium dioxide white pigment consists of particles of various sizes, from which a fraction is in the nano range (5100 nm). It is applied in food as additive E 171 as well as in other products, such as food supplements and toothpaste. Here, we assessed whether a human health risk can be expected from oral ingestion of these titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO 2 NPs), based on currently available information. Human health risks were assessed using two different approaches: Approach 1, based on intake, i.e. external doses, and Approach 2, based on internal organ concentrations using a kinetic model in order to account for accumulation over time (the preferred approach). Results showed that with Approach 1, a human health risk is not expected for effects in liver and spleen, but a human health risk cannot be excluded for effects on the ovaries. When based on organ concentrations by including the toxicokinetics of TiO 2 NPs (Approach 2), a potential risk for liver, ovaries and testes is found. This difference between the two approaches shows the importance of including toxicokinetic information. The currently estimated risk can be influenced by factors such as absorption, form of TiO 2 , particle fraction, particle size and physico-chemical properties in relation to toxicity, among others. Analysis of actual particle concentrations in human organs, as well as organ concentrations and effects in liver and the reproductive system after chronic exposure to well-characterized TiO 2 (NPs) in animals are recommended to refine this assessment.

show abstract

Reliability for Nanosafety Research – Considerations on the Basis of a Comprehensive Literature Review

Krug

Nau

2017

ChemBioEng Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

After 15 years of intense research on the risks of nanomaterials, the evaluation of specific nanomaterials is still difficult. The more research is performed, the more studies which demonstrate critical effects of nanomaterials are published. In this regard, it should be noted that most published studies do not show usable toxicological results, although these are well‐cited as such and appear as headlines in the daily press. There is a lack of reliability of the scientific data, especially for nanosafety research. Here, this statement is illustrated by examples and solutions are shown.

show abstract

Retraction Note: Intragastric exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles induced nephrotoxicity in mice, assessed by physiological and gene expression modifications

Cited by 17 publications

References 2 publications

Re-evaluation of titanium dioxide (E 171) as a food additive

Re-evaluation of titanium dioxide (E 171) as a food additive

Risk assessment of titanium dioxide nanoparticles via oral exposure, including toxicokinetic considerations

Reliability for Nanosafety Research – Considerations on the Basis of a Comprehensive Literature Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About