Evaluation of Modified Formalin-Ether Concentration Method Using Para Tube in Clinical Settings

Won, Eun Jeong; Kim, Jin; Ryang, Dong‐Wook

doi:10.3343/alm.2015.35.4.445

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…This study used a standard protocol for the formalin ether concentration technique to detect parasite eggs [ 6 ]. Five grams of feces were dissolved in 15-20 mL of water.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal parasite infections in fighting bulls in South Thailand

et al. 2020

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Background and Aim: Bullfighting is booming in South Thailand, attracting tourists, and stimulating local economies. The bulls are well raised and practiced, but in many cases, the owners lack knowledge and understanding of the prevention of animal diseases, including parasitic infections. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of gastrointestinal (GI) parasite infection in fighting bulls. Materials and Methods: A total of 1501 fecal samples were collected from bulls aged 2-5 years visiting the animal hospital of Prince of Songkla University during 2016-2019. The formalin ethylether concentration method was used to detect GI parasites in feces. Results: The overall rate of GI parasite infection was 94.27%. Rumen fluke eggs were detected in 97.17% of all infected animals, followed in prevalence by strongyles (26.29%), Eurytrema spp. (2.83%), Fasciola spp. (2.47%), Trichuris spp. (0.35%), and Moniezia spp. (0.14%). Two protozoan genera were identified, Balantidium coli (6.64%) and Eimeria spp. (3.53%). Coinfection was observed in 33.99%. The five most common coinfections were rumen fluke with strongyles (20.85%), B. coli (4.66%), Eimeria spp. (1.55%), Eurytrema spp. (1.34%), and Fasciola spp. (1.06%). Conclusion: In addition to high GI parasite infection rates, zoonotic parasites were observed. Therefore, it is recommended that farmers should follow good sanitation and prevention practices to control parasitic infections in bulls, and proper hygienic precautions should be taken by the owners. Implementation of deworming programs using appropriate anthelmintic drugs as well as rotation of anthelmintic drug that have different chemical agent to prevent further drug resistance should be considered. The promotion of bull health management is highly recommended to protect humans from zoonotic diseases.

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“…This study used a standard protocol for the formalin ether concentration technique to detect parasite eggs [ 6 ]. Five grams of feces were dissolved in 15-20 mL of water.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal parasite infections in fighting bulls in South Thailand

et al. 2020

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“…PCR amplifications were performed using a CFX96 RT-PCR system (Bio-Rad) and a 20-μL reaction volume containing 10 μL of parasite reaction mixture, 5 μL of primer/probe mixture (each 500 nM of forward and reverse primers, 250 nM of probe) and 5 μL of DNA solution. The PCR proceeded as follows: pre-denaturing at 95°C for 10 min, 45 cycles of denaturation at 95°C with 15 sec, annealing and elongation at 60°C with 1 min [10]. Final identification was made to i) concordant results between two results obtained from multiplex PCR and conventional microscopy, and ii) sequencing result using individual primers when discordant results were obtained between the two methods.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiplex Real-Time PCR Assay Targeting Eight Parasites Customized to the Korean Population: Potential Use for Detection in Diarrheal Stool Samples from Gastroenteritis Patients

et al. 2016

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Intestinal parasitic diseases occur worldwide and can cause diarrhea or gastroenteritis; however, their diagnosis is quite difficult, especially in low-endemism countries. We developed a multiplex real-time PCR assay for detection of eight intestinal parasites and prospectively evaluated it for patients with gastroenteritis. The assay targeted Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica, Blastocystis hominis, Dientamoeba fragilis, Clonorchis sinensis, Metagonimus yokogawai, and Gymnophalloides seoi. Performance characteristics were evaluated based on recovery after DNA extraction, analytical sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility, cross-reactivity, and interference characteristics. Clinical performance was validated against microscopy on 123 diarrheal samples. The assay demonstrated strong correlations between DNA concentrations and Ct values (R2, 0.9924–0.9998), and had a high PCR efficiency (83.3%–109.5%). Polymerase chain reactions detected as few as 10–30 copies of genomic DNA, and coefficient of variance was 0–7%. There was no cross-reactivity to the other 54 microorganisms tested. Interference occurred only in presence of high concentrations of erythrocytes or leukocytes. This assay had a higher correct identification rate (100.0% vs. 90.2%) and lower incorrect ID rate (0.0% vs. 9.8%) when compared to microscopy. Overall, this assay showed a higher sensitivity (100.0%; 95% confidence interval [CI] of 80.5–100.0) than microscopy (29.4%; 95% CI 10.31–55.96), and the specificity levels were comparable for both methods (100.0%; 95% CI 96.58–100.0). This newly developed multiplex real-time PCR assay offers a potential use for detecting intestinal parasitic pathogens customized to the Korean population.

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“…In fact, the formalin-ether diagnosed a high frequency of protozoan infections in general, and commensals in particular, as well as, a high sensitivity and negative predictive values in all group of protozoa infections. The conventional formalin-ether method is considered as a gold standard for the diagnosis of parasite infections (Won et al 2015). Some authors have considered this method as a valuable alternative to the Kato-Katz method for the diagnosis of soil-transmitted helminthes infections (Speich et al 2014); others showed the superiority of Ritchie's method over the direct wet mount for the diagnosis of protozoa infections in day care children (Mendoza et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of parasitological techniques for the diagnosis of intestinal parasitic infections in patients with presumptive malabsorption

Yanet¹,

Angel

Guillermo

et al. 2017

J Parasit Dis

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Intestinal parasitic infections still remain a public health problem, overall in tropical and subtropical regions. Frequently, patients with malabsorption syndrome can be infected with intestinal parasites, independent that they could be the etiological agents. To compare three coproparasitological techniques Paratest, Ritchie and direct wet mount for the diagnosis of intestinal parasitic infections in patients with suspected malabsorption syndrome. A descriptive cross sectional survey was carried out in 82 patients with presumptive symptoms of intestinal malabsorption. Three consecutive stool samples were collected from every patient and they were analyzed by three coproparasitological techniques. The degree of agreement was almost perfect when all parasitological techniques were compared for all protozoan infections. Nevertheless, the agreement between Paratest and Ritchie's methods was slightly lower because this last method was superior for intestinal infections with commensals. The technique of Ritchie showed 100% of sensitivity for protozoa infections in general. However, the direct wet mount and the Paratest, showed lower sensitivity. When all techniques were compared only for infections with no pathogenic protozoa, the Paratest had the lowest sensitivity, and less predictive value for negatives. Ritchie's method showed a higher superiority than Paratest for the diagnosis of intestinal protozoa infections in this group of patients. We would recommend the evaluation of new techniques in local conditions before to decide the introduction in the public health network of laboratories.

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Evaluation of Modified Formalin-Ether Concentration Method Using Para Tube in Clinical Settings

Cited by 8 publications

References 4 publications

Gastrointestinal parasite infections in fighting bulls in South Thailand

Gastrointestinal parasite infections in fighting bulls in South Thailand

Multiplex Real-Time PCR Assay Targeting Eight Parasites Customized to the Korean Population: Potential Use for Detection in Diarrheal Stool Samples from Gastroenteritis Patients

Comparison of parasitological techniques for the diagnosis of intestinal parasitic infections in patients with presumptive malabsorption

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