The global threat of antimicrobial resistance: science for intervention

Roca, Ignasi; Akova, Murat; Baquero, Fernando; Carlet, Jean; Cavaleri, Marco; Coenen, Samuel; Cohen, Jonathan; Findlay, David M.; Gyssens, Inge C.; Heure, O. E.; Kahlmeter, Gunnar; Kruse, Hilde; Laxminarayan, Ramanan; Liébana, Ernesto; López-Cerero, Lorena; MacGowan, Alasdair; Martins, Marta; Rodríguez-Baño, Jesús; Rolain, Jean‐Marc; Segovia, Carlos; Sigaùque, Betuel; Taconelli, E.; Wellington, Elizabeth M. H.; Vila, Jordi

doi:10.1016/j.nmni.2015.02.007

Cited by 907 publications

(660 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…84,119 Environmental contamination with antibiotics may lead emergence of antibiotic resistance and in turn creates a reservoire for antibiotic resistance genes. 120 On the other hand, it has been consistently shown that those areas where the usage is high, the resistance is widespread both in community and hospital settings.…”

Section: Acinetobacter Baumanniimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7,121,122,123 Since the problem of emerging resistance is multifaceted, its prevention and control will require multiple, coordinated interventions by various parties. 119 At the hospital level; education and promotion of prudent use of antimicrobials, development and effective use of rapid and point of care diagnostic tests, devising effective surveillance systems for monitoring resistance and implementation of effective infection control programmes are essential parts of an antibiotic stewardship program. These programmes are desparetely needed and may be lacking even in hospitals in the developed part of the world.…”

Section: Acinetobacter Baumanniimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance in bloodstream infections

2016

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Antimicrobial resistance in bacterial pathogens is a worldwide challenge leading high morbidity and mortality in clinical settings. Multidrug resistant patterns in gram-positive and -negative bacteria have resulted in difficult-to-treat or even untreatable infections with conventional antimicrobials. Since the early identification of causative microorganisms and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in patients with bacteremia and other serious infections is lacking in many healthcare institutions, broad spectrum antibiotics are liberally and mostly unnecessarily used. Such practice has, in turn, caused dramatic increases in emerging resistance and when coupled with poor practice of infection control, resistant bacteria can easily be disseminated to the other patients and the environment. Thus, availability of updated epidemiological data on antimicrobial resistance in frequently encountered bacterial pathogens will be useful not only for deciding on empirical treatment strategies, but also devising an effective antimicrobial stewardship program in hospitals.

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Section: Acinetobacter Baumanniimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Acinetobacter Baumanniimentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance in bloodstream infections

2016

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“…Assim, podem contribuir para o aparecimento de infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde (6) .As condições do paciente na admissão foram expressas pelos scores de gravidade, os quais indicam maior vulnerabilidade e deterioração dos sistemas orgânicos, culminando em maior demanda por intervenções invasivas, as quais se relacionaram ao desenvolvimento de infecções. Uma proporção crescente de infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde está relacionada aos patógenos resistentes a antimicrobianos, como Staphylococcus aureus e bacilos Gram-negativos multirresistentes (21)(22)(23) .…”

Section: Idiscussãounclassified

Fatores De Risco Às Infecções Relacionadas À Assistência Em Unidades De Terapia Intensiva*

et al. 2018

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RESUMO: Objetivo: identificar os pacientes e os fatores de risco associados à ocorrência de infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde em unidades de terapia intensiva. Método: estudo transversal realizado com 155 pacientes internados entre 2012 e 2014 em duas unidades de terapia intensiva de dois hospitais públicos do Distrito Federal. Os dados foram coletados em prontuário e registrados em planilha no programa Microsoft Excel®. Foram considerados significativos resultados com p-value<0,05. Resultados: do total de 155 pacientes, 55 (35,5%) pacientes foram acometidos por infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde durante a internação na unidade de terapia intensiva. Tempo de internação (p=0,001), internação por causas clínicas (p=0,017), diabetes mellitus (p=0,002) e cirurgia eletiva (p=0,011), foram fatores de risco, independentes para essas infecções. Conclusão: as complicações infecciosas acometeram cerca de um terço dos pacientes no cenário de terapia intensiva. A vigilância dessas complicações pode orientar ações para melhoria da segurança do paciente crítico. DESCRITORES: Infecção hospitalar; Unidades de terapia intensiva; Fatores de risco; Hospitais públicos; Pacientes. RISK FACTORS FOR HEALTHCARE-ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS IN INTENSIVE CARE UNITSABSTRACT: Objective: to identify patients and risk factors related to the occurrence of healthcare-associated infections in intensive care units. Method: cross-sectional study with 155 hospitalized patients between 2012 and 2014 in two intensive care units of two public hospitals of the Federal District. Data were collected from the medical records and recorded in a spreadsheet using the Microsoft Excel® program. Results with p-value <0.05 were considered significant. Results: of the total of 155 patients, 55 (35.5%) patients were affected by healthcare-associated infections during hospitalization in the intensive care unit. Length of stay (p=0.001), hospitalization due to clinical causes (p=0.017), diabetes mellitus (p=0.002) and elective surgery (p=0.011) were independent risk factors for these infections. Conclusion: infectious complications affected approximately one third of the patients in the intensive care setting. Surveillance of these complications may guide actions to improve the safety of critical patients. KEYWORDS: Cross Infection; Intensive care units; Risk factors; Hospitals, public; Patients. FACTORES DE RIESGO A INFECCIONES ASOCIADAS A LA ASISTENCIA EN UNIDADES DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA*RESUMEN: Objetivo: identificar los pacientes y los factores de riesgo asociados a la ocurrencia de infecciones relacionadas a la asistencia a la salud en unidades de terapia intensiva. Método: estudio transversal realizado con 155 pacientes internados entre 2012 y 2014 en dos unidades de terapia intensiva de dos hospitales públicos de Distrito Federal. Se recogieron los datos por medio de prontuario y se los registraron en programa Microsoft Excel®. Se consideraron significativos resultados con p-value<0,05. Resultados: del total de 155 pacientes, 55 (35,5%) pacientes ...

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“…Globally, the number of multidrug-resistant strains has increased dramatically over the past 10 years (Roca et al, 2015;Sharifi-Rad, 2016) and new more resistant strains may be expected to emerge in the coming years (McGaw et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial activity of the extracts of Albizia masikororum R.Vig., a Fabaceae from Madagascar

Razafindrakoto¹,

Randriamampianina²,

Vahinalahaja³

et al. 2018

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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This study is aimed at the assessment of antimicrobial potential of Albizia masikororum, a Malagasy Fabaceae. Hexanic and methanolic extracts from fruit pods, stem bark, leaves and seeds were tested by disc diffusion and microdilution methods on 10 pathogenic microorganisms including four Gram positive bacteria, five Gram negative bacteria and one yeast. Only the leaf and seed methanolic extracts, LME and SME respectively, were active on some bacteria. LME and SME had a broad-spectrum activity, with SME more effective. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of both extracts were <1000 µg/ml of which 30% <100 µg/ml, 20% between 100 and 500 µg/ml and 50% between 500 and 1000 µg/ml. SME MICs ranked from 6.10 µg/ml (Streptococcus pneumoniae) to 781.25 µg/ml (Yersinia enterocolitica) and those of LME from 97.65 µg/ml (Streptococcus pneumoniae) to 781.25 µg/ml (Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Yersinia enterocolitica). LME was bactericidal on all sensitive bacteria whereas SME was bactericidal on some and bacteriostatic on others. Both extracts contained different chemical groups known for their antimicrobial properties, saponins in SME and phenolic compounds in LME.

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The global threat of antimicrobial resistance: science for intervention

Cited by 907 publications

References 36 publications

Epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance in bloodstream infections

Epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance in bloodstream infections

Fatores De Risco Às Infecções Relacionadas À Assistência Em Unidades De Terapia Intensiva*

Antimicrobial activity of the extracts of Albizia masikororum R.Vig., a Fabaceae from Madagascar

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