Bacteria abundance and diversity of different life stages of <i>Plutella xylostella</i> (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), revealed by bacteria culture‐dependent and PCR‐DGGE methods

Lin, Xiaojun; Pan, Qinjian; Tian, He; Douglas, Angela E.; Liu, Tong‐Xian

doi:10.1111/1744-7917.12079

Cited by 36 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The greater diversity of microbes in the larva compared with the pupa/adult may be the result of differences in the usual food sources among these life stages (plant tissue for larva vs. simple carbohydrates for the adults) and the need of larva to metabolize structurally complex carbohydrates and plant allelochemicals. Previous study based on bacterial culture and PCR-DGGE analysis also suggest that the abundance and diversity of bacteria in the P. xylostella gut are much higher in larva than that in pupa/adult (Lin et al, 2015b). Proteobacteria however were more abundant in the pupa and adult than in larva, corresponding with lower abundance of Firmicutes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…This lepidopteran is difficult to control because it has developed resistance to most classes of insecticides (Baxter et al, 2005; Zalucki et al, 2012). Many studies have focused on the bacterial diversity of the P. xylostella gut based on culturing and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) methods (Indiragandhi et al, 2007; Lin et al, 2015a,b) but these only partially reveal the gut microbial diversity. Our previous study based on the sequencing of V6 region of 16S rRNA supplied a more complete understanding of the P. xylostella gut microbiota than earlier culturing-based studies (Xia et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metagenomic Sequencing of Diamondback Moth Gut Microbiome Unveils Key Holobiont Adaptations for Herbivory

et al. 2017

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Herbivore specialists adapt to feed on a specific group of host plants by evolving various mechanisms to respond to plant defenses. Insects also possess complex gut microbiotas but their potential role in adaptation is poorly understood. Our previous study of the genome of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, revealed an intrinsic capacity to detoxify plant defense compounds, which is an important factor in its success as a pest. Here we expand on that work with a complete taxonomic and functional profile of the P. xylostella gut microbiota obtained by metagenomic sequencing. Gene enrichment in the metagenome, accompanied by functional identification, revealed an important role of specific gut bacteria in the breakdown of plant cell walls, detoxification of plant phenolics, and synthesis of amino acids. Microbes participating in these pathways mainly belonged to three highly abundant bacteria: Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter asburiae, and Carnobacterium maltaromaticum. Results show that while the gut microbial community may be complex, a small number of functionally active species can be disproportionally important. The presence of specific enzymes in the microbiota community, such as supporting amino acid synthesis, digestion and detoxification functions, demonstrates the beneficial interactions between P. xylostella and its gut microbiota. These interactions can be potential targets for manipulation to provide novel pest management approaches.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metagenomic Sequencing of Diamondback Moth Gut Microbiome Unveils Key Holobiont Adaptations for Herbivory

et al. 2017

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“…in the ampicillin group and Carnobacterium maltaromaticum in the rifampicin and chloramphenicol groups. The same phenomenon was further confirmed by PCR‐DGGE electropherogram in this study, and we found no trace of these two bacteria strains from normal laboratory populations without any pre‐treatment (Lin et al ., ). The bands and sequences of the cabbage‐fed group were similar to the results which we have studied previously, showing a stable gut bacterial diversity in this population (Lin et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The same phenomenon was further confirmed by PCR‐DGGE electropherogram in this study, and we found no trace of these two bacteria strains from normal laboratory populations without any pre‐treatment (Lin et al ., ). The bands and sequences of the cabbage‐fed group were similar to the results which we have studied previously, showing a stable gut bacterial diversity in this population (Lin et al ., ). However, we found that antibiotics not only reduced bacterial abundance, but also advanced some bacterial dominance positions, such as Carnobacterium sp., Providencia sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Evaluation of five antibiotics on larval gut bacterial diversity of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

et al. 2014

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Larvae of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), have rich microbial communities inhabiting the gut, and these bacteria contribute to the fitness of the pest. In this study we evaluated the effects of five antibiotics (rifampicin, ampicillin, tetracycline, streptomycin sulfate and chloramphenicol) on the gut bacterial diversity of P. xylostella larvae. We screened five different concentrations for each antibiotic in a leaf disc assay, and found that rifampicin and streptomycin sulfate at 3 mg/mL significantly reduced the diversity of the bacterial community, and some bacterial species could be rapidly eliminated. The number of gut bacteria in the rifampicin group and streptomycin sulfate group decreased more rapidly than the others. With the increase of antibiotic concentration, the removal efficiency was improved, whereas toxic effects became more apparent. All antibiotics reduced larval growth and development, and eventually caused high mortality, malformation of the prepupae, and hindered pupation and adult emergence. Among the five antibiotics, tetracycline was the most toxic and streptomycin sulfate was a relatively mild one. Some dominant bacteria were not affected by feeding antibiotics alone. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis graph showed that the most abundant and diverse bacteria in P. xylostella larval gut appeared in the cabbage feeding group, and diet change and antibiotics intake influenced gut flora abundance. Species diversity was significantly reduced in the artificial diet and antibiotics treatment groups. After feeding on the artificial diet with rifampicin, streptomycin sulfate and their mixture for 10 days, larval gut bacteria could not be completely removed as detected with the agarose gel electrophoresis method.

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“…Moths include some of the most damaging agricultural and forest pests from the order Lepidoptera. Being holometabolous, moths are characterized by different life stages and can vary in their gut microbiota during development (12–14). Many moths are polyphagous, having a wide range of diets, which represent one of the factors impacting bacterial communities in this group (13, 15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Similar gut bacterial microbiota in two fruit-feeding moth pests collected from different host species and locations

Gong

Cao

Chen

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Numerous gut microbes are associated with insects, but their composition remains largely unknown for many insect groups, along with factors influencing their composition. Here, we compared gut bacterial microbiota of two co-occurring agricultural pests, the peach fruit moth (PFM) and the oriental fruit moth (OFM), collected from different orchards and host plant species. Gut microbiota of both species was mainly composed of bacteria from Proteobacteria, followed by Firmicutes. The two species shared bacteria from the genera Pseudomonas, Gluconobacter, Acetobacter, and Pantoea, although endosymbiotic Wolbachia was the most abundant genus in PFM and Lactobacillus was the most abundant in OFM. PFM tended to have lower diversity and richness of gut microbiota than OFM; however, only some of the comparisons were statistically significant. Orchards can influence gut microbiota in terms of richness, particularly for PFM, but not so much for diversity parameters. Functional prediction of gut microbiota showed that the top pathways are amino acid metabolism, translation, and membrane transport in both species, but their abundance varied between the two moth species. These results show that two fruit moths share many features of gut microbiota, and the bacterial species are relatively stable within moth species even when they use different host plants. Our study suggests that fruit-feeding behavior may play a role in shaping gut microbiota of the two fruit moths, which may provide microbial targets for pest control.ImportanceUnderstanding the associated microbes with insects can point to new targets for pest control. Here we compared bacterial community in the gut of two co-occurring agricultural pests, the peach fruit moth (PFM) and the oriental fruit moth (OFM), collected from different orchards and host plant species. We found that the bacterial genera Pseudomonas, Gluconobacter, Acetobacter, and Pantoea are abundant and shared in two moths. The composition of the bacterial species is relatively stable within moth species even when they use different host plants, indicating that the gut microbiota community in the PFM and OFM is likely to be related to their fruit-feeding behavior. The findings have implications for developing novel pest control approaches by targeting gut microbes associated with the two moths.

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Bacteria abundance and diversity of different life stages of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), revealed by bacteria culture‐dependent and PCR‐DGGE methods

Cited by 36 publications

References 40 publications

Metagenomic Sequencing of Diamondback Moth Gut Microbiome Unveils Key Holobiont Adaptations for Herbivory

Metagenomic Sequencing of Diamondback Moth Gut Microbiome Unveils Key Holobiont Adaptations for Herbivory

Evaluation of five antibiotics on larval gut bacterial diversity of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

Similar gut bacterial microbiota in two fruit-feeding moth pests collected from different host species and locations

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