There is a global shortage and misdistribution of health professionals, which has major consequences for the future quality of healthcare, with an estimated 1 billion individuals not having access to trained healthcare professionals. [1] This is especially true for poorer countries; in sub-Saharan Africa this crisis is worsened by the inability to retain and maintain the services of such professionals. [2] An effective response to this challenge requires urgent interventions to address the shortage of healthcare professionals. [1] There have been several policy documents that have used the terms capacity building and capacity development to describe these interventions to achieve the increase and growth of healthcare, leading to improvement. [3,4] An essential component of the capacity-building and capacity-development interventions is facultydevelopment programmes. [3,4] In the current literature on faculty development, capacity, capacity building and capacity development have been interchangeably used. [4,5] An understanding of these concepts is essential if they are to meaningfully inform faculty-development programmes. While capacity broadly refers to the increase in skills and knowledge required for individuals and organisations to perform more effectively, Morgan [6] proposed that there are fundamental differences between the terms capacity building and capacity development. The former is a broad term that considers equipping an individual, institution, region or country with the attitudes, values and behaviours needed to bring about change and progress. [6] However, this process of increasing capacity often focuses on the individual and ignores the importance of the collective ability of individuals in capacity building. [6] Capacity development highlights the collective process of interactions in a wider system to address problems and bring about transformational change within a specific context. [6] Capacity building may be viewed as a goal, while capacity development serves as a means to an end. [6] Faculty-development programmes focusing on capacity development of healthcare professionals and educators are key to providing initiatives geared towards addressing the shortage of such professionals and improving healthcare. [7] Traditional faculty-development programmes largely emphasise the individual development of health professions educators through new teaching skills or assessment techniques, improved planning or implementation of curricula, new ways of thinking about the studentteacher relationship, and an increased commitment to educational scholarship and leadership. [3,8-10] Some aspects are often missing from these faculty-development programmes, e.g. those necessary to ensure socially accountable curricula that relate to the need to train faculty in communitybased education, community engagement, equity and aspects of social responsiveness. [3] These traditional programmes place a strong emphasis on the individual educator without simultaneously addressing the development of a wider community o...