Glucometric assessment of gingival crevicular blood in diabetic and non-diabetic patients: A randomized clinical trial

Debnath, Puja; Govila, Vivek; Sharma, Mona; Saini, Ashish; Pandey, Suraj

doi:10.1016/j.jobcr.2014.12.004

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This shows that gingival crevicular fluid can be used for screening diabetes in a dental office which was in agreement with other studies. [ 12 ] In contrast to our study, other studies[ 25 28 29 ] reported that GCB cannot be used for screening blood glucose during periodontal examination. Diabetes increases inflammation in the periodontal tissues.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 75%

Correlations between gingival crevicular blood glucose and capillary blood glucose: A preliminary report

et al. 2017

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INTRODUCTION:Oral health plays an important role for screening of many systemic diseases. Hence, dentists play an important role in screening for systemic diseases as well. Early diagnosis of any systemic diseases can prevent long-term complications. Diabetic is one of the common chronic diseases. Hence, the study had been undertaken to evaluate whether gingival crevicular blood (GCB) can be used to screen for diabetes during routine oral health checkups.MATERIALS AND METHODS:This analytical study included thirty participants who visited the Department of Periodontics, who fulfilled inclusion criteria and were willing to participate. Blood samples were collected by finger stick method and periodontal probing. The glucose levels of both the samples were estimated using glucometer and correlated the levels from both the methods.RESULTS:Correlation between capillary finger stick blood glucose and GCB glucose was high (0.97) and was significant at 0.01 level.CONCLUSION:Blood oozing during routine periodontal examination can be used for diabetes mellitus screening in dental office.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 75%

Correlations between gingival crevicular blood glucose and capillary blood glucose: A preliminary report

et al. 2017

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“…The highest and lowest mean values recorded from GCB was 243.27 and 156.07 mg/dl in the DM group and 118.76 and 90.08 mg/dl in the non-DM group respectively [ 12 , 25 – 35 , 37 , 40 , 41 , 43 – 45 ]. Two of the studies have found statistically significant differences between GCB and CB values ( p = 0.001) [ 33 , 37 ]. The first study’s mean values for the DM group were 210.56 ± 17.26 mg/dl 178.08 ± 17.66 mg/dl and for the non-DM group 118.76 ± 13.83 mg/dl 86.56 ± 10.17 mg/dl respectively [ 33 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two of the studies have found statistically significant differences between GCB and CB values ( p = 0.001) [ 33 , 37 ]. The first study’s mean values for the DM group were 210.56 ± 17.26 mg/dl 178.08 ± 17.66 mg/dl and for the non-DM group 118.76 ± 13.83 mg/dl 86.56 ± 10.17 mg/dl respectively [ 33 ]. The second study reported a mean value of 77.94 ± 38 mg/dl for GCB and 102.96 ± 37 mg/dl for CB [ 37 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The reliability of using gingival crevicular blood to measure blood glucose and hba1c levels in the dental setting: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Fakheran,

Bencze,

Mischak

et al. 2024

Clin Oral Invest

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Objective There are 500 million patients living with diabetes mellitus worldwide and 50% of them remain undiagnosed. Routine periodontal probing provides gingival crevicular blood in patients with gingivitis. Gingival blood may be useful for diabetes screening without the need for any expensive, painful or time-consuming method by using convenient glucometers. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to answer the question to “is there a difference in glucose or HbA1c levels (O) in patients with positive gingival bleeding (P) measured on gingival crevicular blood (GCB) (I) compared to finger prick capillary blood (CB) (C). Materials and methods The authors performed an electronic search of six databases using identical MeSH phrases. Only human clinical studies without limitations on the year of publication were considered. Data extraction was done by using standardized data collection sheets. Risk of bias assessment were conducted using QUADAS-2 and QUADAS-C. Meta-analyses were carried out with the random effects model to aggregate the correlation coefficients and the difference between the means between gingival and capillary blood reading, using 95% confidence intervals. Results The database and manual search yielded 268 articles, from which the selection procedure provided 36 articles for full-text screening, and the final pool of eligible articles composed of 23 studies with 1680 patients. Meta-analysis results on glycemic levels showed differences between the GCB and CB procedures in patients with and without diabetes with values of -6.80 [-17.35; 3.76] and − 4.36 [-9.89; 1.18], respectively. Statistically significant correlations were found (p = 0.001) between GCB and CB measurements in patients with (0.97 [0.927; 0.987]) and without diabetes (0.927 [0.873; 0.958]). Conclusion Gingival blood could prove to be useful to identify patients with undiagnosed diabetes when the necessary amount of uncontaminated blood is present. However, this technique is limited by the possibility of contamination, prandial status and inaccuracies, so it is unsuited to address the patient’s glycemic control accurately.

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“…These findings are in accordance with the results of the study carried out by Muller et al and Debnath et al who found significant difference in mean between GCB and FCB values. 16,17 Difference in mean between the two variables indicated that GCB cannot be used as a substitute for FCB for glucose assessment at the same cut-off values.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 Although most of the past studies support the use of GCB for glucose screening as a non-invasive method but they were conducted on a smaller sample size. [14][15][16][17] Moreover, there is limited literature available to prove the accuracy and reliability of this screening technique and its association with standardized HbA1c test. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate if gingival crevicular blood could reliably be used for screening diabetes in patients with periodontitis, with the help of glucometers and to assess the accuracy of this technique as compared to finger capillary blood (FCB) glucose screening and intravenous HbA1c scores.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gingival Crevicular Blood Glucose Evaluation in Patients with Periodontitis: Evolution of A New Screening Technique

Saeed¹,

Memon²,

Hosein³

2020

J Pak Dent Assoc

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OBJECTIVE: The aim and objective of this study was to assess if gingival crevicular blood could be utilized for blood glucose evaluation in patients with periodontitis and to check the reliability of this screening method. METHODOLOGY: The study was conducted at the department of Oral Medicine, Ziauddin Dental Hospital, Karachi. The sample size involved 348 participants with chronic periodontitis. The gingival crevicular blood produced during periodontal probing was collected on a glucometer strip to assess random glucose levels. Glycemic levels were also checked by finger capillary blood via a glucometer. Intravenous blood glycated hemoglobin A1c test was performed in patients found with blood glucose levels in pre-diabetic or diabetic range. RESULTS: The results of this study demonstrate a strong correlation (0.987, p< 0.001) between gingival crevicular blood and finger capillary blood glucose values and good correlation (0.709, p<0.001) between gingival crevicular bloodglucose and glycated Hemoglobin A1c levels. Receiver operating characteristic curve showed 94.1% sensitivity and 100% specificity of GCB glucose screening at the cut-off value of 168mg/dl. Gingival crevicular blood glucose showed significant regression with Finger capillary bloodglucose (R=0.987, R2=0.974, p<0.001) andglycated hemoglobin A1clevels (R=0.709, R2=0.502, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: From this study we conclude that gingival crevicular blood can be relied upon for screening of blood glucose levels in periodontitis patients presenting with bleeding on probing. KEYWORDS: Blood glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Gingival Crevicular blood,Inflammation, Periodontitis. HOW TO CITE: Saeed Q, Memon S, Hosein M. Gingival crevicular blood glucose evoluation in patients with periodontitis: Evolution of a new screening technique. J Pak Dent Assoc 2020;29(4):193-198.

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Glucometric assessment of gingival crevicular blood in diabetic and non-diabetic patients: A randomized clinical trial

Abstract: GCB cannot be used for screening blood glucose during periodontal examination.

Cited by 10 publications

References 16 publications

Correlations between gingival crevicular blood glucose and capillary blood glucose: A preliminary report

Correlations between gingival crevicular blood glucose and capillary blood glucose: A preliminary report

The reliability of using gingival crevicular blood to measure blood glucose and hba1c levels in the dental setting: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Gingival Crevicular Blood Glucose Evaluation in Patients with Periodontitis: Evolution of A New Screening Technique

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