Pooled Results From 5 Validation Studies of Dietary Self-Report Instruments Using Recovery Biomarkers for Potassium and Sodium Intake

Freedman, Laurence S.; Commins, John; Moler, James; Willett, Walter C.; Tinker, Lesley F.; Subar, Amy F.; Spiegelman, Donna; Rhodes, Donna; Potischman, Nancy; Neuhouser, Marian L.; Moshfegh, Alanna; Kipnis, Victor; Arab, Lenore; Prentice, Ross L.

doi:10.1093/aje/kwu325

Cited by 213 publications

(280 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Recent findings suggest that participants with higher BMI tended to underreport their calorie consumption. 39 It could also potentially relate to reverse causation in which heavier children sought to reduce their total calorie consumption. 40 Finally, despite the fact that we were limited in our ability to assess for changes in physical activity due to alterations in the assessment technique over the time period, data from the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance system showed that there is increasing sedentary behaviors among US adolescents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in Metabolic Syndrome Severity and Lifestyle Factors Among Adolescents

2016

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in Metabolic Syndrome Severity and Lifestyle Factors Among Adolescents

2016

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“…Mean percentage differences between self-reported and biomarker intakes were estimated as 100 × exponential (mean of log self-reported -mean log biomarker value) -100 (27,28). In addition, nutrient intakes were energy-adjusted by using a density method: percentage of energy for protein and intake per 1000 kcal for potassium and sodium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of self-reported dietary intakes from the Automated Self-Administered 24-h recall, 4-d food records, and food-frequency questionnaires against recovery biomarkers

Park

Dodd

Kipnis

et al. 2018

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

262

194

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Background: A limited number of studies have evaluated selfreported dietary intakes against objective recovery biomarkers. Objective: The aim was to compare dietary intakes of multiple Automated Self-Administered 24-h recalls (ASA24s), 4-d food records (4DFRs), and food-frequency questionnaires (FFQs) against recovery biomarkers and to estimate the prevalence of under-and overreporting. Design: Over 12 mo, 530 men and 545 women, aged 50-74 y, were asked to complete 6 ASA24s (2011 version), 2 unweighed 4DFRs, 2 FFQs, two 24-h urine collections (biomarkers for protein, potassium, and sodium intakes), and 1 administration of doubly labeled water (biomarker for energy intake). Absolute and density-based energyadjusted nutrient intakes were calculated. The prevalence of underand overreporting of self-report against biomarkers was estimated. Results: Ninety-two percent of men and 87% of women completed ≥3 ASA24s (mean ASA24s completed: 5.4 and 5.1 for men and women, respectively). Absolute intakes of energy, protein, potassium, and sodium assessed by all self-reported instruments were systematically lower than those from recovery biomarkers, with underreporting greater for energy than for other nutrients. On average, compared with the energy biomarker, intake was underestimated by 15-17% on ASA24s, 18-21% on 4DFRs, and 29-34% on FFQs. Underreporting was more prevalent on FFQs than on ASA24s and 4DFRs and among obese individuals. Mean protein and sodium densities on ASA24s, 4DFRs, and FFQs were similar to biomarker values, but potassium density on FFQs was 26-40% higher, leading to a substantial increase in the prevalence of overreporting compared with absolute potassium intake. Conclusions: Although misreporting is present in all self-report dietary assessment tools, multiple ASA24s and a 4DFR provided the best estimates of absolute dietary intakes for these few nutrients and outperformed FFQs. Energy adjustment improved estimates from FFQs for protein and sodium but not for potassium. The ASA24, which now can be used to collect both recalls and records, is a feasible means to collect dietary data for nutrition research.Am J Clin Nutr 2018;107:80-93.

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“…The 24-h dietary recall data used to estimate sodium intake are subject to reporting bias and exclude salt added at the table which could affect estimates of overall sodium intake (46). The USDA FNDDS do not include brand-specific manufacturer food codes for most foods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeled changes in US sodium intake from reducing sodium concentrations of commercially processed and prepared foods to meet voluntary standards established in North America: NHANES

Cogswell

Patel

Yuan

et al. 2017

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Background: Approximately 2 in 3 US adults have prehypertension or hypertension that increases their risk of cardiovascular disease. Reducing sodium intake can decrease blood pressure and prevent hypertension. Approximately 9 in 10 Americans consume excess sodium ($2300 mg/d). Voluntary sodium standards for commercially processed and prepared foods were established in North America, but their impact on sodium intake is unclear. Objective: We modelled the potential impact on US sodium intake of applying voluntary sodium standards for foods. Design: We used NHANES 2007-2010 data for 17,933 participants aged $1 y to model predicted US daily mean sodium intake and the prevalence of excess sodium intake with the use of the standards of the New York City's National Salt Reduction Initiative (NSRI) and Health Canada for commercially processed and prepared foods. The Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies food codes corresponding to foods reported by NHANES participants were matched to NSRI and Health Canada food categories, and the published sales-weighted mean percent reductions were applied. Results: The US population aged $1 y could have reduced their usual daily mean sodium intake of 3417 mg by 698 mg (95% CI: 683, 714 mg) by applying NSRI 2014 targets and by 615 mg (95% CI: 597, 634 mg) by applying Health Canada's 2016 benchmarks. Significant reductions could have occurred, regardless of age, sex, race/ethnicity, income, education, or hypertension status, up to a mean reduction in sodium intake of 850 mg/d in men aged $19 y by applying NSRI targets. The proportion of adults aged $19 y who consume $2300 mg/d would decline from 88% (95% CI: 86%, 91%) to 71% (95% CI: 68%, 73%) by applying NSRI targets and to 74% (95% CI: 71%, 76%) by applying Health Canada benchmarks. Conclusion: If established sodium standards are applied to commercially processed and prepared foods, a significant reduction of US sodium intake could occur.Am J Clin Nutr 2017;106:530-40.

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Pooled Results From 5 Validation Studies of Dietary Self-Report Instruments Using Recovery Biomarkers for Potassium and Sodium Intake

Cited by 213 publications

References 36 publications

Trends in Metabolic Syndrome Severity and Lifestyle Factors Among Adolescents

Trends in Metabolic Syndrome Severity and Lifestyle Factors Among Adolescents

Comparison of self-reported dietary intakes from the Automated Self-Administered 24-h recall, 4-d food records, and food-frequency questionnaires against recovery biomarkers

Modeled changes in US sodium intake from reducing sodium concentrations of commercially processed and prepared foods to meet voluntary standards established in North America: NHANES

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