Primary Gastric Malignant Melanoma Mimicking Adenocarcinoma

Cho, Jun Min; Lee, Chang Min; Jang, Young-Joo; Park, Seong Heum; Kim, Seungjoo; Mok, Young Jae; Kim, Chong Suk; Lee, Ju Han; Kim, Jong Han

doi:10.5230/jgc.2014.14.4.279

Cited by 5 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Search of the literature resulted in 599 articles. Twenty‐five case reports fulfilled our inclusion criteria and were included in this systematic review 1–4,16–36 . Figure 1 presents the trial flow of our study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No risk factors have yet been identified and, since mucosal melanomas arise on surfaces which are not exposed to sun, risk factors of cutaneous melanoma are unlikely to be implicated 5 . As in gastric carcinoma, abdominal pain, weight loss and loss of appetite are the most common nonspecific symptoms 20 . The main difference lies in the more frequent occurrence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in cases of PGM, either in the form of melena or even hematemesis 25 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Primary gastric melanoma in adult population: a systematic review of the literature

Schizas

Tomara

Katsaros

et al. 2020

ANZ Journal of Surgery

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Background Primary gastric melanoma (PGM) is a rare malignant tumour of the stomach with poor prognosis. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the available literature on this entity and to highlight its biological behaviour and preferred treatment approach. Methods PubMed and Cochrane bibliographical databases were independently searched (last search: 2 February 2020) by two investigators for articles reporting on PGM in the adult population. Results Twenty‐five studies met the inclusion criteria and concerned collectively 25 patients (18 males and seven females) with an age of 63.4 ± 8.97 years (mean ± standard deviation). Main symptoms included abdominal pain (64%), weight loss (48%) and hematemesis or melena (32%). The most frequent tumour location was the body of the stomach (54.2%). All tumours were surgically resected and the majority of the patients had a partial gastrectomy (52%). Median recurrence time was 5 months and 12% of patients reached 5‐year survival landmark. Conclusion PGM is a rare disease characterized by an aggressive malignant behaviour. Its differential diagnosis from a metastatic lesion is crucial. A prompt diagnosis and therapeutic approach are needed. Further studies are required to elucidate the optimal management of this clinical entity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary gastric melanoma in adult population: a systematic review of the literature

Schizas

Tomara

Katsaros

et al. 2020

ANZ Journal of Surgery

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“…In the literature there at least six cases of gastric melanoma misdiagnosed as gastric cancer ( Table 1 ). 6 , 7 , 24 – 27 Three authors 6 , 24 , 25 were able spontaneously to correct the first diagnosis of gastric cancer to gastric melanoma before making any therapeutic decisions. Bahat et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cho et al . 7 hypothesized that the initial diagnosis of gastric cancer may have been due to an insufficient number of tumor cells in the biopsy material. Song et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Amelanotic melanoma is extremely rare and is often misdiagnosed at biopsy as poorly differentiated carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, leiomyosarcoma or neurofibroma. 5 Although there Melanoma metastasis mimicking gastric cancer: a challenge that starts from diagnosis are very few reported cases of melanoma mimicking gastric carcinoma, 6,7 the extremely low incidence and lack of awareness about this disease may also contribute to misdiagnosis by endoscopists, physicians and pathologists. Herein we report a rare case of gastric melanoma that was misdiagnosed as gastric cancer, and provide a review of the literature on other similar misdiagnosed cases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Melanoma metastasis mimicking gastric cancer: a challenge that starts from diagnosis

Monti

Giusti

Oboldi

et al. 2021

Therap Adv Gastroenterol

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The gastrointestinal tract is an uncommon site of metastasis in melanoma. However, when the primary melanoma cannot be found, the diagnosis of gastric melanoma by endoscopic biopsy is problematic mainly because some tumors are amelanotic and do not contain melanin granules detectable by microscopy. A 56-year-old Caucasian man with melanoma was referred to us following an initial histopathological diagnosis via gastroscopy of poorly differentiated primary gastric carcinoma. A computerized tomography (CT) scan showed metastatic disease and on the basis of this information we started palliative chemotherapy. However, the atypical presentation of the disease with subcutaneous metastases prompted us to make a more in-depth evaluation. Immunohistochemical evaluation modified the diagnosis to melanoma. After only one cycle of chemotherapy, treatment was changed to dabrafenib + trametinib, which was better tolerated and initially induced a partial response. The patient is currently in good clinical condition 20 months after diagnosis. Our case report highlights the difficulty in diagnosing melanoma of the gastrointestinal tract and indicates the need for pathologists and clinicians to consider such a possibility when they are faced with a diagnosis of poorly differentiated gastric cancer and unusual sites of metastasis.

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Metastatic malignant melanoma mimicking a salivary gland basaloid neoplasm after treatment with nivolumab

Lajara

Landau

2021

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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Malignant melanoma is a well‐known diagnostic pitfall, given its propensity to metastasize to different sites and mimic various entities. In this report, we present a fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNA) of a metastatic melanoma with basaloid features that is occurring in the preauricular/parotid area. The patient is a 17‐year‐old male with a history of excision of melanoma of the left temple, and was undergoing adjuvant treatment with nivolumab. The prior excision was positive for S100, HMB‐45, melan‐A, and tyrosinase. On follow‐up, he presented with non‐FDG avid left preauricular area lesions. FNA was performed, and on‐site evaluation demonstrated a cellular basaloid neoplasm with focal fibrillary stroma. Immunohistochemical stains revealed that the tumor cells were positive for SOX‐10, S100, MITF, and HMGA2, and were negative for HMB‐45, melan‐A, tyrosinase, p63, cam 5.2 and PLAG1. The positive S100, SOX‐10, and MITF results and negative cam 5.2 result supported the diagnosis of melanoma. Nivolumab was then stopped, Dabrafenib/Trametinib were started, and the patient underwent excision of the nodules. Nine‐months later, he developed a rib metastasis that was positive for S100, SOX‐10, melan‐A, and tyrosinase. This report emphasizes that melanoma involving the parotid gland region has the potential to be misdiagnosed by FNA as a salivary gland neoplasm because of overlapping cytologic features and immunophenotypes. This pitfall is avoided by careful morphologic analysis and judicious use of ancillary studies.

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Primary Gastric Malignant Melanoma Mimicking Adenocarcinoma

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

Primary gastric melanoma in adult population: a systematic review of the literature

Primary gastric melanoma in adult population: a systematic review of the literature

Melanoma metastasis mimicking gastric cancer: a challenge that starts from diagnosis

Metastatic malignant melanoma mimicking a salivary gland basaloid neoplasm after treatment with nivolumab

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