Primary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease

Abstract

A new guideline for the treatment of blood cholesterol was recently released by the American College of Cardiology (ACC) and the American Heart Association (AHA), serving as an update to the National Cholesterol Education Program's (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel III cholesterol guideline first released in 2001. With significant changes to key definitions, treatment strategy, and therapy selection, the guideline has transformed the treatment of blood cholesterol and also created controversy within the health care community. This controversy is largely focused on appropriate identification and treatment of patients for the primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Whereas statins play an integral role in the treatment and secondary prevention of ASCVD, their use for primary prevention is less clearly defined. It is imperative that health care providers are well versed in the concepts and controversies of the new guideline recommendations for primary prevention of ASCVD and can effectively assess the risks and benefits of statin therapy in this patient population.

The Transcription Factor SUB1 Is a Master Regulator of the Macrophage TLR Response in Atherosclerosis

“…Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of death and disability in developed countries and can precipitate a number of ischemic conditions, including coronary artery disease (CAD), carotid artery stenosis, ischemic stroke, peripheral arterial disease, and renal artery obstruction. [ 1 ] Atherosclerosis is a disease caused by plaque build‐up within the cardiovascular system that results in a thickening of arterial walls, a decrease in arterial wall elasticity, and a narrowing of the arterial lumen. The progression of atherosclerotic plaque development is defined by vascular wall damage, subendothelial accumulation of oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (oxLDL), proliferation of fibrous connective tissue, and elevated recruitment of macrophages.…”

Associations Between Common Polymorphisms of CDKN2B-AS and Susceptibility to ASCVD

“…Atherosclerosis could result in thickening and stiffness of arterial wall, and it is the leading cause of ischemic cardio-cerebral vascular diseases such as coronary artery disease (CAD) and ischemic stroke (IS). [1][2][3] So far, the exact etiological mechanisms of atherosclerotic cardio-cerebral vascular diseases (ASCVD) are still not fully understood. Nevertheless, accumulating evidence supports that genetic factors might play essential roles in the development of ASCVD.…”

A meta‐analysis on correlations of OX40L variants with atherosclerotic disorders

“…Atherosclerosis could result in thickening and stiffness of arterial wall, and it is the leading cause of ischemic cardio-cerebral vascular diseases such as coronary artery disease (CAD) and ischemic stroke (IS). [1][2][3] To date, the exact etiological mechanism of atherosclerotic cardiocerebral vascular diseases (ASCVD) is still not fully understood. Nevertheless, some of evidence supported that genetic factors might play an essential role in the development of ASCVD.…”