Molecular Hydrogen in Sports Medicine: New Therapeutic Perspectives

Ostojić, Sergej M.

doi:10.1055/s-0034-1395509

Cited by 44 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…In sports science, there is limited research regarding the antioxidant effect of H 2 on exercise-induced oxidative stress. Unlike conventional antioxidants, H 2 is a gas molecule and as such it is believed to have several advantages for application in sports science [4,6,9] (Table 1). Firstly, H 2 is the smallest molecule and thus can penetrate the cellular membrane and rapidly diffuse into organelles (e.g., mitochondria).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Molecular Hydrogen as a Novel Antioxidant in Sports Science

Kawamura

Higashida

Muraoka

2020

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Molecular hydrogen (H2) is a colorless, tasteless, odorless, and minimal molecule with high flammability. Although H2 has been thought to be an inert gas in living bodies for many years, an animal study reported that inhalation of H2 gas decreased oxidative stress and suppressed brain injury caused by ischemia and reperfusion injury due to its antioxidant action. Since then, the antioxidant action of H2 has attracted considerable attention and many studies have reported on its benefits. Most studies have reported the effects of H2 on diseases such as cancer, diabetes, cerebral infarction, and Alzheimer’s disease. However, little is known regarding its effects on healthy subjects and exercise. Thus far, including our study, only 6 studies have explored the effect of H2 on exercise. H2 is the smallest molecule and therefore can easily penetrate the cellular membrane and rapidly diffuse into organelles. H2 is thought to be able to selectively reduce hydroxyl radicals and peroxynitrite and does not affect physiologically reactive species. H2 can be supplied to the body through multiple routes of administration, such as oral intake of H2 water and H2 bathing. Therefore, H2 may be a potential alternative strategy for conventional exogenous antioxidant interventions in sports science. The purpose of this review is to provide evidence regarding the effects of H2 intake on changes in physiological and biochemical parameters, centering on exercise-induced oxidative stress, for each intake method. Furthermore, this review highlights possible future directions in this area of research.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Molecular Hydrogen as a Novel Antioxidant in Sports Science

Kawamura

Higashida

Muraoka

2020

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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“…Consequently, these negative effects may contribute to fatigue and delayed recovery in athletes [6]. Several clinical studies have indicated that H 2 acts as an alkalizing [7], anti-apoptotic, anti-allergic, and anti-inflammatory agent [1,[8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the highly flammable property of hydrogen gas (lower flammability limit of 4.0 % v/v), one of the easiest and safest methods of hydrogen delivery is via the utilization of hydrogen rich water (HRW) where H 2 is dissolved in the aqueous medium. This can be achieved via several different methods such as water electrolysis [11], infusing H 2 under high pressure directly into water [12], that changes pH of HRW very gently, or by using hydrogen forming capsules where HRW results from chemical reaction of magnesium with water (Mg + 2 H 2 O → Mg(OH) 2 + H 2 ), and pH level of this HRW achieve up to 10 [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen Rich Water Improved Ventilatory, Perceptual and Lactate Responses to Exercise

et al. 2019

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The potential anti-fatigue and performance benefits of hydrogen rich water (HRW) have resulted in increased research interest over the past 5 years. The aim of this study was to assess physiological and perceptual responses to an incremental exercise protocol after administration of 600 ml HRW within 30 min before exercise. This randomized, double blinded placebo-controlled cross over study included twelve healthy males aged 27.1±4.9 years. The exercise protocol consisted of a 10 min warm-up at 1.0 W.kg−1, followed by 8 min at 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 W.kg−1, respectively. Cardio-respiratory variables, lactate and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were assessed in the last minute of each step. A significantly lower blood lactate was found with HRW (4.0±1.6 and 8.9±2.2 mmol.l−1) compared to Placebo (5.1±1.9 and 10.6±3.0 mmol.l−1) at 3.0, and 4.0 W.kg−1, respectively. Ventilatory equivalent for oxygen and RPE exhibited significantly lower values with HRW (32.3±7.2, and 17.8±1.2 points, respectively) compared to Placebo (35.0±8.4, and 18.5±0.8 points, respectively) at 4 W.kg−1. To conclude, acute pre-exercise supplementation with HRW reduced blood lactate at higher exercise intensities, improved exercise-induced perception of effort, and ventilatory efficiency.

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“…More recently, genetic and pharmacological evidence revealed that hydrogen as a signaling molecule can promote stomatal closure by regulating nitrate reductase (NR) in Arabidopsis (Chen et al ., ). With these new developments, we noted that the physiological effects of hydrogen were often accompanied by ROS changes (Ohsawa et al ., ; Zeng et al ., ; Ostojic, ), suggesting that the function of hydrogen is partially dependent on ROS regulation. To our knowledge, there has been no research on the physiological roles of hydrogen in fungi.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen‐rich water regulates effects of ROS balance on morphology, growth and secondary metabolism via glutathione peroxidase in Ganoderma lucidum

Ren

Liu

Miao

et al. 2016

Environmental Microbiology

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Ganoderma lucidum is one of the most important medicinal fungi, but the lack of basic study on the fungus has hindered the further development of its value. To investigate the roles of the redox system in G. lucidum, acetic acid (HAc) was applied as a reactive oxygen species (ROS) stress inducer, and hydrogen-rich water (HRW) was used to relieve the ROS stress in this study. Our results demonstrate that the treatment of 5% HRW significantly decreased the ROS content, maintained biomass and polar growth morphology of mycelium, and decreased secondary metabolism under HAc-induced oxidative stress. Furthermore, the roles of HRW were largely dependent on restoring the glutathione system under HAc stress in G. lucidum. To provide further evidence, we used two glutathione peroxidase (GPX)-defective strains, the gpxi strain, the mercaptosuccinic acid (MS, a GPX inhibitor)-treated wide-type (WT) strain, and gpx overexpression strains for further research. The results show that HRW was unable to relieve the HAc-induced ROS overproduction, decreased biomass, mycelium morphology change and increased secondary metabolism biosynthesis in the absence of GPX function. The gpx overexpression strains exhibited resistance to HAc-induced oxidative stress. Thus, we propose that HRW regulates morphology, growth and secondary metabolism via glutathione peroxidase under HAc stress in the fungus G. lucidum. Furthermore, our research also provides a method to study the ROS system in other fungi.

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Molecular Hydrogen in Sports Medicine: New Therapeutic Perspectives

Cited by 44 publications

References 58 publications

Application of Molecular Hydrogen as a Novel Antioxidant in Sports Science

Application of Molecular Hydrogen as a Novel Antioxidant in Sports Science

Hydrogen Rich Water Improved Ventilatory, Perceptual and Lactate Responses to Exercise

Hydrogen‐rich water regulates effects of ROS balance on morphology, growth and secondary metabolism via glutathione peroxidase in Ganoderma lucidum

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