Effects of Spirulina platensis supplementation on lipid profile in HIV–infected antiretroviral naïve patients in Yaounde - Cameroon: a randomized trial study

Ngo-Matip, Marthe-Elise; Pieme, Constant Anatole; Azabji-Kenfack, Marcel; Biapa, Prosper Cabral Nya; Germaine, Nkenfack; Heike, Englert; Moukette, Bruno Moukette; Emmanuel, Korosky; Stefanini, Philippe; Mbofung, Carl Moses; Ngogang, Jeanne

doi:10.1186/1476-511x-13-191

Cited by 34 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Lipid concentrations were all improved in ischemic heart disease patients with hypercholesterolemia, whereas no effects on any of the lipid parameters were seen in obese subjects [15]. In HIV patients [12] and hypertensive subjects [41], TC and LDL-C concentrations decreased and those of HDL-C increased. In elderly, only TC concentrations were decreased [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis or maxima), belonging to the family of cyanobacteria, is a microalga containing high amounts of proteins, vitamins and light-harvesting structures such as C-phycocyanin [7]. Animal [8,9] and several-but not all-human trials [10][11][12][13][14][15] have suggested that spirulina lowers serum total cholesterol (TC) and / or LDL-C concentrations. Studies in rats have now suggested that inhibition of intestinal cholesterol absorption could be the mechanism underlying the LDL-C reduction [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of spirulina and wakame consumption on intestinal cholesterol absorption and serum lipid concentrations in non-hypercholesterolemic adult men and women

2019

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Purpose Consumption of the algae spirulina (Arthrospira platensis or maxima) and wakame (Undaria pinnatifida) has been shown to lower LDL cholesterol concentrations in animals and humans, possibly due to the inhibition of intestinal cholesterol absorption. This mechanism, however, has never been investigated in humans. Therefore, we examined in nonhypercholesterolemic men and women the effects of spirulina and wakame consumption on serum markers for intestinal cholesterol absorption. Methods Thirty-five healthy men and women without hypercholesterolemia consumed in a random order daily 4.8 g spirulina, wakame or placebo for 17 days, separated by 14-day washouts. After 17 days, serum cholesterol-standardized campesterol, sitosterol and cholestanol, and lathosterol concentrations were measured as markers for intestinal cholesterol absorption and cholesterol synthesis, respectively. Concentrations of serum total cholesterol, LDL and HDL cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and plasma glucose, and blood pressure were measured as well. Results Compared with placebo, spirulina or wakame did not affect serum cholesterol-standardized campesterol (CI − 0.23 to 0.10 μmol/mmol, P = 0.435 and CI − 0.14 to 0.19 μmol/mmol, P = 0.729, respectively), sitosterol (P = 0.314 and P = 0.112), cholestanol (P = 0.610 and P = 0.809), or lathosterol (P = 0.388 and P = 0.102) concentrations. In addition, serum lipid and plasma glucose concentrations, and blood pressure were not changed. Conclusions Daily consumption of 4.8 g spirulina or wakame for 17 days did not affect plasma markers for intestinal cholesterol absorption or cholesterol synthesis in non-hypercholesterolemic men and women. Serum lipid and glucose concentrations, and blood pressure were also not altered.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of spirulina and wakame consumption on intestinal cholesterol absorption and serum lipid concentrations in non-hypercholesterolemic adult men and women

2019

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“…A wide range of spirulina supplements in human studies has been reported. This varied from 1 g/day (Mazokopakis, Starakis, Papadomanolaki, Mavroeidi, & Ganotakis, ), up to 10 g/day (Ngo‐Matip et al, ) with various physiopathological states and different durations of administration. The daily dose of Si supplied in the present study was 0.57 mg/kg, which represents 40 mg of Si for un adulte of 70 kg which could considered as nutritional supplementation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of spirulina and silicon‐enriched spirulina on metabolic syndrome features, oxidative stress and mitochondrial activity in Zucker fatty rats

et al. 2019

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The use of Spirulina platensis (Sp) as a functional food was suggested decades ago. Biological incorporation of Silicon (Si) into Sp increases its bioavailability for potential food supplement applications. This work aimed at determining the effects of Sp and Si‐enriched Sp (Sp+Si) on metabolic syndrome features in Zucker fatty rats. Thirty Zucker fatty rats were divided into three groups and supplemented with placebo or Sp or Sp+Si croquettes for 12 weeks. Food consumption, glucose intolerance, hepatic steatosis, and mitochondrial and oxidative stress were determined. Zucker fatty rats exhibited several hepatic metabolic alterations as well as mitochondrial and oxidative stress perturbations. The intake of Sp increased plasma TG levels and decreased the hepatic NADPH oxidase activity and ameliorated transitorily the glucose intolerance. However, Si‐spirulina does not appear to have more beneficial effects than spirulina alone. Other experiments with different species of rats/mice, different diets, or durations of diet intake should be undertaken to confirm or infirm these results. Practical applications Glucose intolerance and hepatic steatosis, two major components of metabolic syndrome, are increasing and becomes a major public health issue. Use of Spirulina platensis (Sp) as a functional food was suggested as a protein‐dense food source. Bioavailable silicon (Si) may be an essential nutrient for higher animals, including humans. Sp but not Sp+Si decreased liver NADPH oxidase activity and improved transitorily glucose tolerance. This is the first study where Sp and Sp+Si effect on glucose intolerance is reported in Zucker rat. Other experiments should be undertaken to confirm or infirm invalidate the beneficial effects of Sp+Si supplement in the metabolic syndrome features.

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“…In Africa, there is little work on the combined effects of ART and nutraceuticals. In Cameroon, Ngo Matip et al showed that the daily consumption of 10 g of spirulina powder for 6 months would stimulate the proliferation of CD4 while decreasing the viral load in ART-naive PLHIV [11,12]. However, there are no data on the effect of Spirulina platensis on the oxidative, inflammatory and immunological status of Cameroonian patients, carriers of HIV-1 in adjunction with ART.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spirulina platensis enhances immune status, inflammatory and oxidative markers of HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy in Cameroon

Moor¹,

Pieme²,

Nkeck³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Spirulina platensis is traditionally used as a food supplement with a potential strengthening of the immune system, inhibition of the replication of some viruses, and lipid-lowering effect. The aim of this study was to determine its effect on the inflammatory, immunological, and oxidative status of HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods We performed a study on 62 HIV patients on ART (Tenofovir-Lamivudine-Efavirenz) divided into 2 groups. Group I, supplemented with 10 grams of Spirulina platensis daily, and group II only ART. Participants were paired on ART duration and followed-up for 6 months from December 2015 to June 2016 at the HIV care unit of the Yaounde Central Hospital and the Cité-Verte Hospital, Yaounde. Each group was sampled for CD4-count, viral load, serum levels of interleukins 6 and 8, TNFα and oxidative markers (malondialdehyde, FRAP, catalase, total peroxides, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, reduced glutathione) at the beginning (T0) and the end of the trial (T1). Ethical clearance was obtained from the Cameroon National Ethics Committee for Human Health and Research (Ref 2016/01/699/CE/CNERSH/SP). Statistical analysis was performed using the software SPSS 21.0. The threshold of significance was set at 0.05. Results Mean ages of participants were 35 ± 8 and 37 ± 7 respectively for group I and II. We observed a significant decrease in viral load in patients receiving spirulina comparing at T0 and T1 (p = 0.001), not observed for participants in group II (p>0.05). CD4-counts were unchanged. There was a significant reduction of TNFα levels in group 1. The levels of pro-oxidative markers were significantly reduced in group 1 while increased in the other group. Antioxidant levels significantly increased in both groups. Conclusion Daily supplementation of Spirulina platensis could improve the immune status of HIV patients on ART, and decrease inflammatory and pro-oxidant levels.

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Effects of Spirulina platensis supplementation on lipid profile in HIV–infected antiretroviral naïve patients in Yaounde - Cameroon: a randomized trial study

Cited by 34 publications

References 42 publications

Effects of spirulina and wakame consumption on intestinal cholesterol absorption and serum lipid concentrations in non-hypercholesterolemic adult men and women

Effects of spirulina and wakame consumption on intestinal cholesterol absorption and serum lipid concentrations in non-hypercholesterolemic adult men and women

Effect of spirulina and silicon‐enriched spirulina on metabolic syndrome features, oxidative stress and mitochondrial activity in Zucker fatty rats

Spirulina platensis enhances immune status, inflammatory and oxidative markers of HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy in Cameroon

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