El desafío del cambio de la vacuna inactivada contra poliomielitis en América Latina: Declaración de la Sociedad Latinoamericana de Infectología Pediátrica (SLIPE)

Abstract

Even though we have already covered 99% of the path to eradicate poliomyelitis from the world, this disease is still causing paralysis in children. Its eradication means not only the end of wild poliovirus circulation, but vaccine-derived poliovirus circulation as well. Taking into account different factors such as: current epidemiological data, adverse events of the attenuated oral poliomyelitis vaccine (OPV), the availability of an injectable inactivated vaccine (IPV) without the potential of causing the severe adverse events of the oral vaccine (OPV), the efficacy and effectiveness of the IPV in several countries of the world where it has been used for several years, the rationale of changing the vaccination schedule in different Latin American countries; the Latin American Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (SLIPE) announces its recommendation of switching to IPV in Latin America, by this Declaration, with an Action Plan for 2014-2015 period as regards vaccination against polio policies in Latin America. 1. The optimal proposed schedule consists of four IPV doses (three doses in the primary schedule plus a booster dose), whether IPV is combined or not with other indicated vaccines in the immunization program of the country. During the OPV to IPV transition phase, an alternative schedule is acceptable; 2. Countries should set optimal strategies in order to maintain and improve vaccination coverage, and implement a nominal immunization registry; 3. Improving the Epidemiological Surveillance of Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) and setting up an environmental surveillance program; 4. Setting up strategies for introducing IPV in National Immunization Programs, such as communicating properly with the population, among others; 5. Bringing scientific societies closer to decision makers; 6. Ensuring optimal supply and prices for IPV introduction; 7. Training vaccination teams; 8. Enhancing the distribution and storing logistics of vaccines. In addition to the scientific evidence, the countries that have not yet decided to switch to IPV should consider the implications of equity and social justice.Key words: Poliomyelitis, Polio vaccines, Polio vaccination schedules, Attenuated polio vaccine (OPV), Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV), Polio in Latin America.Palabras clave: Poliomielitis, Vacunas contra la polio, Esquema de vacunación contra la polio, Vacuna atenuada anti-polio (OPV), Vacuna inativada anti-polio (IPV), Polio en América Latina, Erradicación de la polio, Vacuna oral contra la polio. IntroducciónL a poliomielitis (polio) continúa causando pará-lisis en niños. A diferencia de la mayoría de las enfermedades, la polio puede ser erradicada por completo. Ya hemos recorrido el 99% del camino para erradicarla del mundo. La erradicación de esta enfermedad significa el fin de la circulación de todos los virus de polio, tanto del salvaje como del virus derivado de la vacunación.En 2014, solamente quedan tres países en los que no se ha podido detener la transmisión de la polio. Debemos tomar conciencia de esta oportu...

Áreas com queda da cobertura vacinal para BCG, poliomielite e tríplice viral no Brasil (2006-2016): mapas da heterogeneidade regional

“…Outro elemento importante é a disponibilidade de imunobiológicos nas salas de vacina. O desabastecimento de vacinas ainda é comum no Brasil, sendo que existem diversos documentos legais como inquéritos civis instaurados e notas informativas, que retratam a questão de insuficiência de recursos, bem como dependência da capacidade produtiva dos laboratórios das entregas internacionais e dos trâmites alfandegários 32 35 .…”

Economic assessment of incorporating the hexavalent vaccine as part of the National Immunization Program of Peru

“…Thus, in its last updated Polio Eradication Strategic Plan 2022–2026, the goal to complete the phase out of all OPV vaccines and the transition to IPV exclusive use was reinforced, whether as a standalone vaccine or as part of a combination vaccine [ 20 ]. Likewise, the Latin American Society for Pediatric Infectious Disease (Sociedad Latinoamericana de Infectología Pediátrica) recommends a regional transition away from OPV and towards IPV [ 53 ] and many national healthcare services have already discontinued use of OPV altogether, including the US, Uruguay, and Chile [ 12 , 54 , 55 ]. Including the hexavalent vaccine in the National Immunization Program of Peru would be an option to achieve this objective.…”

Economic assessment of incorporating the Hexavalent vaccine as part of the National Immunization Program of Peru

“…The current position of the WHO is that successful eradication of polio depends upon complete withdrawal of OPV vaccines (47). The Latin American Society for Pediatric Infectious Disease (Sociedad Latinoamericana de Infectología Pediátrica) recommends a regional transition away from OPV and towards IPV (48). Many national healthcare services have already discontinued use of OPV altogether, including the US, Uruguay, and Chile (12,49,50).…”