Dynamic encoding of face information in the human fusiform gyrus

Ghuman, Avniel Singh; Brunet, Nicolas M.; Li, Yuanning; Konecky, Roma O.; Pyles, John A.; Walls, Shawn A.; DeStefino, Vincent J.; Wang, Wei; Richardson, R. Mark

doi:10.1038/ncomms6672

Cited by 132 publications

(144 citation statements)

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“…Whereas the spatial selectivity of gamma activity during the delay period (23,24) implies a role in working memory of stimulus location, it is typically thought to reflect sensory memory, and like visual selection, is not expected to be correlated with RT (36). However, consistent with previous work, we showed that gamma activity, but not the corresponding spiking activity, was correlated with RT (23,24).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Previous studies in LIP have shown that in the delay epoch, a spatially tuned elevation in activity in the gamma band (30-70 Hz) might contribute to the maintenance of "memory fields," which are important in working memory (21), whereas other studies have suggested that gamma activity could be involved in the sensory-motor integration process (23,24). Our results indicate that these two roles might not be mutually exclusive.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 36%

“…We asked whether this activity profile of gamma could be linked with the sensory-motor integration processes (23,24), especially because of its timing and spatial tuning properties. Because the neurons that were recorded simultaneously with the LFP also showed spatial tuning in both visual and saccadic epochs, we asked whether the gamma tuning was correlated with either of these neuronal tuning properties.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also found a spatially tuned elevation in gamma band activity , but not in the corresponding spiking activity, only during the delay epoch, whose activity predicted saccade reaction times and the cells' saccade tuning. In contrast, beta band activity (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30) showed a nonspatially selective suppression during the saccade epoch. Taken together, these results suggest that motor plans leading to saccades may be generated internally within the FEF from local activity represented by gamma activity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Specifically, the role of gamma band activity in the cerebral cortex has been a critical topic of discussion over the past decade because its activity has been correlated with cognitive roles such as attentional load (17)(18)(19), perceptual processes (20), and memory (21,22). While the timing of gamma activity and its tuning properties make it a plausible candidate in mediating sensory-motor integration processes (23,24), the link between saccade planning and gamma activity in FEF, is still unclear. In addition to gamma band activity, low frequency beta band (13-30 Hz) activity is also thought to play a role during movement preparation and execution (25).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simultaneous analysis of the LFP and spiking activity reveals essential components of a visuomotor transformation in the frontal eye field

Sendhilnathan

Basu

Murthy

2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The frontal eye field (FEF) is a key brain region to study visuomotor transformations because the primary input to FEF is visual in nature, whereas its output reflects the planning of behaviorally relevant saccadic eye movements. In this study, we used a memory-guided saccade task to temporally dissociate the visual epoch from the saccadic epoch through a delay epoch, and used the local field potential (LFP) along with simultaneously recorded spike data to study the visuomotor transformation process. We showed that visual latency of the LFP preceded spiking activity in the visual epoch, whereas spiking activity preceded LFP activity in the saccade epoch. We also found a spatially tuned elevation in gamma band activity (30-70 Hz), but not in the corresponding spiking activity, only during the delay epoch, whose activity predicted saccade reaction times and the cells' saccade tuning. In contrast, beta band activity (13-30 Hz) showed a nonspatially selective suppression during the saccade epoch. Taken together, these results suggest that motor plans leading to saccades may be generated internally within the FEF from local activity represented by gamma activity.T he process of generating a motor plan from visual information entails a visuomotor transformation. The frontal eye field (FEF) is one of the cortical regions that contributes to the visuomotor transformation process by participating in critical events such as target selection (1-3) and saccade preparation (4-6). In addition to FEF, other oculomotor areas such as the lateral intraparietal cortex (7), the supplementary eye fields (8), the superior colliculus (9), and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (10) also possess neurons with similar properties as FEF neurons. Thus, a central question that remains unresolved is to what extent do the response properties of FEF neurons represent a cause versus a consequence of computations occurring elsewhere.One approach to resolve this question of causation versus consequence, in the context of target selection, was the use of simultaneously recorded local field potentials (LFP) and spikesmaking use of the idea that the LFP represents synchronized input coming into a brain area, as opposed to spiking activity, which is thought to represent output (11)(12)(13)(14)(15). Using this approach, Monosov et al. showed that FEF received spatially nonselective input through LFP earlier than spikes in the early visual epoch; however, in the consequent target selection epoch, spiking activity of FEF neurons evolved spatial selectivity and actively discriminated between the behaviorally relevant and the irrelevant stimuli earlier than the LFP (1). Such a temporal relationship between LFP and spikes during target selection in FEF has also been studied by others using simultaneously recorded LFP and spikes, converging to the same evidence (5, 16). However, whereas these studies suggest a causal role for FEF in visual selection, the causal role of FEF in saccade preparation has not yet been reported. In this study, we asked whether sac...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 36%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 87%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simultaneous analysis of the LFP and spiking activity reveals essential components of a visuomotor transformation in the frontal eye field

Sendhilnathan

Basu

Murthy

2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Abnormal gray matter volume and functional connectivity patterns in social cognition‐related brain regions of young children with autism spectrum disorder

et al. 2023

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with abnormal brain imaging findings, but descriptions thereof are inconsistent. The aim of the present study was to investigate brain abnormalities in young children with ASD using a combination of structural and functional brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Structural and resting-state functional MRI was performed in 67 children with ASD (aged 2-7 years) and 39 age-matched typically developing (TD) controls. Voxel-based morphometry was used to evaluate differences in brain structure between groups. Topologic parameters of the functional brain network were compared by graph theoretic analysis and network connectomes were compared with network-based statistics. A support vector machine (SVM) was used to discriminate between ASD and TD groups. Results demonstrated young children with ASD had increased gray matter volumes (GMVs) in the right medial superior frontal gyrus and left fusiform gyrus compared with the TD group. The ASD group had altered subnetwork connectivity in frontal and temporal lobes and other social cognition-related brain regions. Functional connectivity in the left superior temporal gyrus and left temporal pole of the middle temporal gyrus was positively correlated with adaptability and language developmental quotient (DQ) in children with ASD. The combination of the brain structural and functional features had 86.2% accuracy in discriminating between ASD and TD. The present study shows that young children with ASD have altered GMVs and functional networks in social cognition-related brain regions, which are potential neuroimaging biomarkers for ASD. Lay SummaryThis study explored brain abnormalities in young children with ASD using a combination of structural and functional brain magnetic resonance imaging. Altered GMVs and functional networks in social cognition-related brain regions were found in subjects with ASD compared with TD controls, which are potential neuroimaging biomarkers for ASD.

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Maturational trajectories of local and long‐range functional connectivity in autism during face processing

Mamashli

Khan

Bharadwaj

et al. 2018

Human Brain Mapping

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized neurophysiologically by, among other things, functional connectivity abnormalities in the brain. Recent evidence suggests that the nature of these functional connectivity abnormalities might not be uniform throughout maturation. Comparing between adolescents and young adults (ages 14-21) with ASD and age- and IQ-matched typically developing (TD) individuals, we previously documented, using magnetoencephalography (MEG) data, that local functional connectivity in the fusiform face areas (FFA) and long-range functional connectivity between FFA and three higher order cortical areas were all reduced in ASD. Given the findings on abnormal maturation trajectories in ASD, we tested whether these results extend to preadolescent children (ages 7-13). We found that both local and long-range functional connectivity were in fact normal in this younger age group in ASD. Combining the two age groups, we found that local and long-range functional connectivity measures were positively correlated with age in TD, but negatively correlated with age in ASD. Last, we showed that local functional connectivity was the primary feature in predicting age in ASD group, but not in the TD group. Furthermore, local functional connectivity was only correlated with ASD severity in the older group. These results suggest that the direction of maturation of functional connectivity for processing of faces from childhood to young adulthood is itself abnormal in ASD, and that during the processing of faces, these trajectory abnormalities are more pronounced for local functional connectivity measures than they are for long-range functional connectivity measures.

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Dynamic encoding of face information in the human fusiform gyrus

Cited by 132 publications

References 50 publications

Simultaneous analysis of the LFP and spiking activity reveals essential components of a visuomotor transformation in the frontal eye field

Simultaneous analysis of the LFP and spiking activity reveals essential components of a visuomotor transformation in the frontal eye field

Abnormal gray matter volume and functional connectivity patterns in social cognition‐related brain regions of young children with autism spectrum disorder

Maturational trajectories of local and long‐range functional connectivity in autism during face processing

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