Combination Regimens of Radiation Therapy and Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines: Mechanisms and Opportunities

Garnett-Benson, Charlie; Hodge, James W.; Gameiro, Sofia R.

doi:10.1016/j.semradonc.2014.07.002

Cited by 27 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…For example, a promising strategy involving sequential combination of radiotherapy, vaccination and anti-PDL1 in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer converts non-T-cell-inflamed cancers into T cell-inflamed cancers and mediates regression of established pancreatic tumours 72 . Other groups are also investigating the use of irradiated tumour cell vaccines as a strategy to boost therapeutic outcomes 73–75 . In one such study using a B16 melanoma model 74 , it was shown that irradiated tumour cells that were genetically modified to express murine GM-CSF stimulated potent, long-lasting and specific antitumour immunity.…”

Section: Overcoming Immunosuppressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using immunotherapy to boost the abscopal effect

et al. 2018

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More than 60 years ago, the effect whereby radiotherapy at one site may lead to regression of metastatic cancer at distant sites that are not irradiated was described and called the abscopal effect (from ‘ab scopus’, that is, away from the target). The abscopal effect has been connected to mechanisms involving the immune system. However, the effect is rare because at the time of treatment, established immune-tolerance mechanisms may hamper the development of sufficiently robust abscopal responses. Today, the growing consensus is that combining radiotherapy with immunotherapy provides an opportunity to boost abscopal response rates, extending the use of radiotherapy to treatment of both local and metastatic disease. In this Opinion article, we review evidence for this growing consensus and highlight emerging limitations to boosting the abscopal effect using immunotherapy. This is followed by a perspective on current and potential cross-disciplinary approaches, including the use of smart materials to address these limitations.

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Section: Overcoming Immunosuppressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using immunotherapy to boost the abscopal effect

et al. 2018

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Section: Radiation Therapy: Application In Medical Researchmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Recent research confirms the potential usage of radiation therapy in cancer therapeutics by converting tumor to favorable condition and makes them immunostimulatory milieu [62]. Experiential data suggest that the combination of radiotherapy alongside the immunotherapeutic agents can produce the synergistic effects (Figure 3) [61,62]. From all the above-stated information, it has become clear that recent developments in radiation therapy [61,63,64] may have proven to be the most critical part in the successful development of cancer vaccine.…”

Section: Radiation Therapy: Application In Medical Researchmentioning

confidence: 91%

Application of Radiation Technology: A Novel Vaccine Approach to Induce Protective Immunity against Malaria Infection

Tandel¹,

Trivedi²,

Krishnan³

et al. 2020

Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation

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Among the numerous infectious diseases, malaria remains a major health challenge. Despite the various approaches adopted for the vector control and availability of antimalarial drugs, the success of malaria eradication is dampened by the spread of drug and insecticide resistance, unavailability of proper diagnostic treatment and successful vaccine. Among the various approaches, vaccination with the aim of developing protective immunity is the most suited, safe and reliable approach for the entire mankind. Numerous approaches are in use for vaccine development; however, they suffer from the drawbacks that immunity developed is short lived and are both species-and stage-specific. Of late, radiation sterilization has drawn the attention in the vaccine development due to its advantages over the conventional methods, and successful clinical trials of irradiated vaccines against the pathogens and tumor. Recently, a novel approach of genetically attenuated sporozoites (PfRAS, PfSPZ, PFSPZ-GA1 sporozoites vaccines) has shown promising results by generating protective immunity against the homologous and heterogenous infection in the clinical trials. Radiation techniques have also been beneficial in controlling the insects by sterility technique. In this chapter, we have recapitulated the role of radiation biology in the malaria vaccine development with its current status and future challenges associated with the development of radiation attenuated parasite vaccine.

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“…The molecular mechanisms associated with immunogenic modulation include (1) changes in tumor cell surface phenotype, (2) modulation of antiapoptotic or survival genes, or immuneresponsive genes or both, (3) modulation of antigen-processing machinery components, and (4) translocation of calreticulin to the tumor cell surface [ 90 ].…”

Section: Vaccines and Radiation Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%