Epigenetic nutraceutical diets in Alzheimer's disease

Davinelli, Sergio; Calabrese, Vittorio; Zella, Davide; Scapagnini, Giovanni

doi:10.1007/s12603-014-0552-y

Cited by 38 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 75 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…Depression is a major risk factor for AD, and thus this BDNF-modifying property of curcumin is of significant interest. Other recent studies have also found that curcumin can have a significant effect on depression (160) , supported to some extent by the studies described above by Cox et al (144) Many other studies have discovered the beneficial epigenetic effects of curcumin in relation to various cancers and rheumatoid arthritis, and now similar benefits are being discovered that may have an impact on the risk and severity of AD (161) . For example, DNA methylation in neurodegenerative diseases (and many other conditions such as CVD and stroke) has been linked to high homocysteine levels, which occur with ageing and with vitamin B 12 or folate deficiencies (162,163) .…”

Section: Epigenetics Alzheimer's Disease and Curcuminmentioning

confidence: 73%

Examining the potential clinical value of curcumin in the prevention and diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease

et al. 2015

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Curcumin derived from turmeric is well documented for its anti-carcinogenic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Recent studies show that curcumin also possesses neuroprotective and cognitive-enhancing properties that may help delay or prevent neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Currently, clinical diagnosis of AD is onerous, and it is primarily based on the exclusion of other causes of dementia. In addition, phase III clinical trials of potential treatments have mostly failed, leaving disease-modifying interventions elusive. AD can be characterised neuropathologically by the deposition of extracellular β amyloid (Aβ) plaques and intracellular accumulation of tau-containing neurofibrillary tangles. Disruptions in Aβ metabolism/clearance contribute to AD pathogenesis. In vitro studies have shown that Aβ metabolism is altered by curcumin, and animal studies report that curcumin may influence brain function and the development of dementia, because of its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as its ability to influence Aβ metabolism. However, clinical studies of curcumin have revealed limited effects to date, most likely because of curcumin’s relatively low solubility and bioavailability, and because of selection of cohorts with diagnosed AD, in whom there is already major neuropathology. However, the fresh approach of targeting early AD pathology (by treating healthy, pre-clinical and mild cognitive impairment-stage cohorts) combined with new curcumin formulations that increase bioavailability is renewing optimism concerning curcumin-based therapy. The aim of this paper is to review the current evidence supporting an association between curcumin and modulation of AD pathology, including in vitro and in vivo studies. We also review the use of curcumin in emerging retinal imaging technology, as a fluorochrome for AD diagnostics.

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Section: Epigenetics Alzheimer's Disease and Curcuminmentioning

confidence: 73%

Examining the potential clinical value of curcumin in the prevention and diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease

et al. 2015

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“…Accumulating evidence points to the important role of dietary epigenetic regulation in the amyloidopathy Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and the synucleinopathy Parkinson’s disease (PD) [355,356,357,358,359]. Notably, AD and PD are both tauopathies.…”

Section: Milk-mediated Epigenetic Signaling and Diseases Of Civilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk’s Role as an Epigenetic Regulator in Health and Disease

2017

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Abstract:It is the intention of this review to characterize milk's role as an epigenetic regulator in health and disease. Based on translational research, we identify milk as a major epigenetic modulator of gene expression of the milk recipient. Milk is presented as an epigenetic "doping system" of mammalian development. Milk exosome-derived micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) that target DNA methyltransferases are implicated to play the key role in the upregulation of developmental genes such as FTO, INS, and IGF1. In contrast to miRNA-deficient infant formula, breastfeeding via physiological miRNA transfer provides the appropriate signals for adequate epigenetic programming of the newborn infant. Whereas breastfeeding is restricted to the lactation period, continued consumption of cow's milk results in persistent epigenetic upregulation of genes critically involved in the development of diseases of civilization such as diabesity, neurodegeneration, and cancer. We hypothesize that the same miRNAs that epigenetically increase lactation, upregulate gene expression of the milk recipient via milk-derived miRNAs. It is of critical concern that persistent consumption of pasteurized cow's milk contaminates the human food chain with bovine miRNAs, that are identical to their human analogs. Commercial interest to enhance dairy lactation performance may further increase the epigenetic miRNA burden for the milk consumer.

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“…There has been a continuous growth in the nutraceutical field in recent years, becoming a key research area associated with health improvement and disease prevention [77][78][79]. PCOS is not only a reproductive pathology but also a systemic condition and its etiopathogenesis is still not completely understood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting Metabolic Consequences of Insulin Resistance in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome by D-chiro-inositol and Emerging Nutraceuticals: A Focused Review

Davinelli

Nicolosi

Cesare

et al. 2020

JCM

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex disorder associated with ovarian dysfunction, infertility, menstrual irregularity, and hormonal impairments. Over the last decade, several studies have shown that some PCOS women have insulin resistance (InsR) and hyperinsulinemia, apart from being overweight or obese. Therefore, a crucial clinical aspect is that PCOS patients might develop glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes. Insulin-sensitizing drugs have been used as first-line treatment to improve hyperinsulinemia in women with PCOS. Although reducing PCOS symptoms and signs, several used insulin-sensitizer drugs may induce side effects, which reduces compliance. D-chiro-inositol (DCI), which is a naturally occurring stereoisomer of inositol, has been classified as an insulin-sensitizer and seems to mitigate multiple InsR-related metabolic alterations in PCOS with a safe profile. However, according to a multi-targeted design, the supplementation with DCI can be synergistically integrated by combining other potential insulin-sensitizing drugs and/or nutraceuticals. The literature provides the initial support for using several unexplored nutraceutical interventions that may target relevant metabolic abnormalities associated with InsR in PCOS. With a need to promote interest in clinical research, this review aims to discuss the efficacy of DCI and the role of emerging nutraceuticals for managing InsR in PCOS.

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Epigenetic nutraceutical diets in Alzheimer's disease

Cited by 38 publications

References 75 publications

Examining the potential clinical value of curcumin in the prevention and diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease

Examining the potential clinical value of curcumin in the prevention and diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease

Milk’s Role as an Epigenetic Regulator in Health and Disease

Targeting Metabolic Consequences of Insulin Resistance in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome by D-chiro-inositol and Emerging Nutraceuticals: A Focused Review

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