Histopathological and ultra structural effects of nanoparticles on rat testis following 90 days (Chronic study) of repeated oral administration

Abstract

BackgroundNanoparticles (Ag NPs) have recently received much attention for their possible applications in biotechnology and biomedical. However, little is known about the toxicity in reproductive organs of animal model following exposure to nanoparticles.ObjectiveThis study therefore, tried to examine the effects of nanoparticles with a diameter range of 5-20 nm on the histology of the testis of wistar rats and correlate it with Transmission Electron Microscopy results.Materials and methodsSixteen wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups of 8 rats each. Each group received the following via gavage technique for 90 days: Control Group (Group-1)-tap water; Experimental group (Group 2) - nanoparticles (20ug/kg/day). After ninety days (chronic study), rats were sacrificed and testis tissues was processed for histology and transmission electron microscopic study.ResultsThere was significant difference between the observations of group-1 and group 2. The changes observed in the testis were disarray of the spermatogenic cells and disorientation of the testis. These changes were observed to have been disappearing from normal histological features. Detailed structural damages were observed with TEM analysis, such as depletion of germ cells, germinal cells necrosis, especially in spermatogonia and Leydig cells had an abnormal fibroblast-like appearance, abnormal space between neighboring sertoli cells, mitochondria, lost cristae and vacuolated (none energized) with those animals exposed to nanoparticles.ConclusionIt seems that nanoparticles have acute and significant effects on spermatogenesis and number of spermatogenic cells. More experimental investigations are necessary to elucidate better conclusion regarding the safety of nanoparticles on male reproduction system.

Effects of silver nanoparticles on neonatal testis development in mice

“…[43][44][45] In addition, AgNPs have a broad tissue distribution in vivo, the liver is the major target organ, followed by the spleen, brain, lung, liver, kidney, and testis. [46][47][48][49][50] In this study, we first aimed to investigate whether AgNPs have an impact on LCs and SCs of testis. To assess the toxic potential of AgNPs, MTT and LDH assays were performed.…”

Facile approach to synthesize magnesium oxide nanoparticles by using Clitoria ternatea—characterization and in vitro antioxidant studies

“…Due to their desired distribution, dispersion, sizes and shapes, the nanoparticles have numerous applications in human-day to day life, ranging from consumer goods to medicine Mahitha et al 2015;Mansee Thakur et al 2014). The main objective of this new field is to design and produce the multifunctional materials of nano scale range which are gearing the biological fields (Salata 2004;Nagarajan and Kuppusamy 2013) by making improvements in existing materials (Anamika Mubayi et al 2012;Geoffrey Ozin and Cademartiri 2009;Revell 2006).…”

The Toxic Effects of Nanoparticles on Male Reproductive System: Review

“…Sonuç olarak, Ag-NP'lerin spermatogenezi ve spermatojenik hüc-relerin sayısını önemli ölçüde etkilediği gözlen-miştir. 19 Miresmaeili ve ark.nın yaptığı çalışmada, farklı dozlarda Ag-NP (70 nm)'lerinin sıçan spermatozoasının akrozomunda ve spermatojenik hücrele-rin sayısı üzerine etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. 32 erkek Wistar sıçana (n=8/grup) Ag-NP'leri farklı dozlarda (25,50, 100 veya 200 mg/kg), tek spermatogenez dönemde (48 gün), oral gavajla her 12 saatte bir uygulanmıştır.…”

“…Bütün bu çalışmalar özetlenecek olursa, NP'lerin testiste histopatolojik değişikliklere neden olduğu, spermatogenezi bozduğu, testosteron, LH ve FSH gibi üreme ile ilgili hormonların düzeylerini değiştirdiği belirlenmiştir. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] Bazı NP'lerin ise kan testis bariyerine ve spermatositlerin nükleer membranlarına ciddi bir testis hasarı yapmadan geçebildiği görülmüştür. 22 NP'lerden bazılarının mitokondriyal kolesterol transferini kontrol eden StAR ve P450scc'nin protein ifadesini etkilediği görülmüştür.…”