Assessing the bilateral geometrical differences of the tibia – Are they the same?

Radzi, Shairah; Uesugi, Masafumi; Baird, Arabella; Mishra, Sanjay; Schuetz, Michael; Schmutz, Beat

doi:10.1016/j.medengphy.2014.09.007

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…; Radzi et al. ; Eckhoff et al. ) are limited due to small sample sizes, two‐dimensional (2D) data, or small number of points representing the three‐dimensional (3D) shape.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three‐dimensional analysis of shape variations and symmetry of the fibula, tibia, calcaneus and talus

et al. 2018

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The bones forming the talocrural joint (TCJ) and subtalar joint (STJ) are often assumed to be bilaterally symmetric. Therefore, the contralateral limb (i.e. the fibula, tibia, calcaneus and talus) is used as a template or an intra‐subject control in clinical and research practice. However, the validity of the symmetry assumption is controversial, because insufficient information is available on the shape variations and bilateral (a)symmetry of the fibula, tibia, calcaneus and talus. Using three‐dimensional spatially dense sampled representations of bone shapes extracted from bilateral computed tomography scans of 66 individuals (55 male, mean age: 61 ± 10 years; 11 female, mean age: 53 ± 15 years), we analyzed whether: (i) similar shape patterns exist in the left and right bones of the same type; (ii) gender has an effect on bone shape variations; (iii) intra‐subject shape variation is smaller than that of inter‐subject for a given shape variance direction. For the first set of analyses, all left and right instances of the same type of bone were considered as two separate groups, and statistically compared with each other on multiple aspects including group location (central tendency), variance‐covariance scale (dispersion) and orientation (covariance structure) using distance‐based permutational tests. For the second and third sets of analyses, all left and right bones of the same type were pooled into one group, and shape variations in the TCJ and STJ bones were extracted using principal component analysis. The effects of gender on age‐adjusted bone shape differences were assessed using an analysis of covariance. Moreover, intra‐class correlation was employed to evaluate intra‐ and inter‐subject bone shape variations. For each bone type, both sides had similar shape patterns (P permutational‐values > 0.05). After Bonferroni adjustment, gender led to shape differences, which were mainly in the lateral and medial condyles of the tibia (P = 0.003), the length and height of the calcaneus (P < 0.001), the posterior and anterior talar articular surfaces of the calcaneus (P = 0.001), and in the posterior aspect of the talus (P = 0.001). Intra‐subject shape variations in the tibial tuberosity together with the diameter of the tibia, and the curvature of the fibula shaft and the diameter of the fibula were as high as those of inter‐subject. This result suggests that the shape symmetry assumption could be violated for some specific shape variations in the fibula and tibia.

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“…; Radzi et al. ; Eckhoff et al. ) are limited due to small sample sizes, two‐dimensional (2D) data, or small number of points representing the three‐dimensional (3D) shape.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three‐dimensional analysis of shape variations and symmetry of the fibula, tibia, calcaneus and talus

et al. 2018

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“…While whole-surface algorithms were developed originally for human faces, it can be applied to any type of surface data where there is a natural correspondence. Regarding full-surface long bone data, they have been studied within comparative anatomy [21], biomedicine [22–24] and forensic anthropology (to match paired elements) [25]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Dimorphism of the Human Tibia through Time: Insights into Shape Variation Using a Surface-Based Approach

et al. 2016

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In this paper we present a three-dimensional (3D) morphometrical assessment of human tibia sexual dimorphism based on whole bone digital representation. To detect shape–size and shape differences between sexes, we used geometric morphometric tools and colour-coded surface deviation maps. The surface-based methodology enabled analysis of sexually dimorphic features throughout the shaft and articular ends of the tibia. The overall study dataset consisted of 183 3D models of adult tibiae from three Czech population subsets, dating to the early medieval (9–10th century) (N = 65), early 20th century (N = 61) and 21st-century (N = 57). The time gap between the chronologically most distant and contemporary datasets was more than 1200 years. The results showed that, in all three datasets, sexual dimorphism was pronounced. There were some sex-dimorphic characteristics common to all three samples, such as tuberosity protrusion, anteriorly bowed shaft and relatively larger articular ends in males. Diachronic comparisons also revealed substantial shape variation related to the most dimorphic area. Male/female distinctions showed a consistent temporal trend regarding the location of dimorphic areas (shifting distally with time), while the maximal deviation between male and female digitized surfaces fluctuated and reached the lowest level in the 21st-century sample. Sex determination on a whole-surface basis yielded the lowest return of correct sex assignment in the 20th-century group, which represented the lowest socioeconomic status. The temporal variation could be attributed to changes in living conditions, the decreasing lower limb loading/labour division in the last 12 centuries having the greatest effect. Overall, the results showed that a surface-based approach is successful for analysing complex long bone geometry.

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“…These differences may be caused by dissimilarities in the surface geometry between the left and right bones due to visible signs of osteophyte formation from an aged volunteer, unlike another study that used healthy specimens (25). Specimen 5, however, contained the highest malalignments (rotation: 10.87°; surface deviation: 3.87 mm and translation: 6.7 mm).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Can MRI accurately detect pilon articular malreduction? A quantitative comparison between CT and 3T MRI bone models

Radzi¹,

Dlaska²,

Cowin³

et al. 2016

Quant. Imaging Med. Surg.

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Background: Pilon fracture reduction is a challenging surgery. Radiographs are commonly used to assess the quality of reduction, but are limited in revealing the remaining bone incongruities. The study aimed to develop a method in quantifying articular malreductions using 3D computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) models.Methods: CT and MRI data were acquired using three pairs of human cadaveric ankle specimens.Common tibial pilon fractures were simulated by performing osteotomies to the ankle specimens. Five of the created fractures [three AO type-B (43-B1), and two AO type-C (43-C1) fractures] were then reduced and stabilised using titanium implants, then rescanned. All datasets were reconstructed into CT and MRI models, and were analysed in regards to intra-articular steps and gaps, surface deviations, malrotations and maltranslations of the bone fragments.Results: Initial results reveal that type B fracture CT and MRI models differed by ~0.2 (step), ~0.18 (surface deviations), ~0.56° (rotation) and ~0.4 mm (translation). Type C fracture MRI models showed metal artefacts extending to the articular surface, thus unsuitable for analysis. Type C fracture CT models differed from their CT and MRI contralateral models by ~0.15 (surface deviation), ~1.63° (rotation) and ~0.4 mm (translation).Conclusions: Type B fracture MRI models were comparable to CT and may potentially be used for the postoperative assessment of articular reduction on a case-to-case basis.

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Assessing the bilateral geometrical differences of the tibia – Are they the same?

Cited by 22 publications

References 25 publications

Three‐dimensional analysis of shape variations and symmetry of the fibula, tibia, calcaneus and talus

Three‐dimensional analysis of shape variations and symmetry of the fibula, tibia, calcaneus and talus

Sexual Dimorphism of the Human Tibia through Time: Insights into Shape Variation Using a Surface-Based Approach

Can MRI accurately detect pilon articular malreduction? A quantitative comparison between CT and 3T MRI bone models

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