Abstract:The clam genus Corbicula is an interesting model system to study the evolution of reproductive modes as it includes both sexual and asexual (androgenetic) lineages. While the sexual populations are restricted to the native Asian areas, the androgenetic lineages are widely distributed being also found in America and Europe where they form a major aquatic invasive pest. We investigated the genetic diversity of native and invasive Corbicula populations through a worldwide sampling. The use of mitochondrial and nu… Show more
“…In its native range, the genus Corbicula adopts both sexual and asexual reproduction (Pigneur et al, 2014). However, in the invasive range the most common reproduction system is asexual androgenesis of hermaphrodite individuals that produces clones of the sperm-producing parent.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In some occasions, the unreduced sperm can fertilize external oocytes producing clones of the male parent having the maternal mitochondrial DNA. This phenomenon is known as egg parasitism or mitochondrial capture and it is considered to enhance the reproductive fitness and the invasion success of Corbicula (Pigneur et al, 2012(Pigneur et al, , 2014. Moreover, asexual androgenesis provides short-term evolutionary advantage by reducing costs of meiosis or mate meeting, and favors species invasiveness because a single individual can release up to 90,000 offspring clones (McMahon, 1999).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, haplotype distributions of mitochondrial Cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene and nuclear ribosomal gene 28S did not match the distribution of shell color types (Wang et al, 2014). Thus, three main lineages have been characterized in the invasive range of the species complex, based on shell morphology and molecular analyses (Pfenninger et al, 2002;Hedtke et al, 2008;Pigneur et al, 2014). Confusingly, nomenclature differs among continents and, as we explain below, the American forms A, B, and C correspond to European forms R, Rlc, and S, respectively (Pfenninger et al, 2002;Lee et al, 2005;Hedtke et al, 2008;Pigneur et al, 2011Pigneur et al, , 2014.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thus, three main lineages have been characterized in the invasive range of the species complex, based on shell morphology and molecular analyses (Pfenninger et al, 2002;Hedtke et al, 2008;Pigneur et al, 2014). Confusingly, nomenclature differs among continents and, as we explain below, the American forms A, B, and C correspond to European forms R, Rlc, and S, respectively (Pfenninger et al, 2002;Lee et al, 2005;Hedtke et al, 2008;Pigneur et al, 2011Pigneur et al, , 2014. Mitochondrial COI gene analyses in the invasive range have been used to describe phylogeny of these three invasive lineages (Renard et al, 2000;Siripattrawan et al, 2000;Pfenninger et al, 2002;Lee et al, 2005;Pigneur et al, 2014).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Confusingly, nomenclature differs among continents and, as we explain below, the American forms A, B, and C correspond to European forms R, Rlc, and S, respectively (Pfenninger et al, 2002;Lee et al, 2005;Hedtke et al, 2008;Pigneur et al, 2011Pigneur et al, , 2014. Mitochondrial COI gene analyses in the invasive range have been used to describe phylogeny of these three invasive lineages (Renard et al, 2000;Siripattrawan et al, 2000;Pfenninger et al, 2002;Lee et al, 2005;Pigneur et al, 2014). The low genetic divergence between continents suggested that invasive Corbicula may represent a polymorphic species complex involving the same three lineages in America and Europe (Pigneur et al, 2011(Pigneur et al, , 2014.…”
The Asian clam (Corbicula sp.) is an invasive freshwater bivalve native to Asia, the Middle East, Australia, and Africa. It is now widely distributed around the world producing large ecological and economic impacts. Three well-described invasive lineages form a cryptic species complex with asexual reproduction based on androgenesis. In this study, we collected 175 individuals from different Iberian, European, and North American locations to genetically study Corbicula invasion in the Iberian Peninsula using COI and 28S genes. The use of mitochondrial and nuclear markers allows us to characterize both maternal and paternal inheritance from androgenetic Corbicula locations and to deal with the incongruences caused by egg parasitism. We identified 7 COI and 10 28S haplotypes that grouped individuals within the three invasive Corbicula lineages. Haplotype distribution of mitochondrial and nuclear markers detected genetic divergence between the Ebro Delta location and the rest of Iberian sites, suggesting that at least two invasion episodes occurred in the Iberian Peninsula. Haplotype distribution also suggested secondary contacts between Iberian and other European invaded regions. Additionally, results revealed that nuclear hybridization, a feature more widespread than previously reported, contributes to retain gene diversity in the Corbicula invasionThis research was carried out within the objectives of the research project CGL200909407 of the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacio´n (MICINN). LP received a PhD fellowship support of the Spanish MICINN with reference BES—201003744
“…In its native range, the genus Corbicula adopts both sexual and asexual reproduction (Pigneur et al, 2014). However, in the invasive range the most common reproduction system is asexual androgenesis of hermaphrodite individuals that produces clones of the sperm-producing parent.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In some occasions, the unreduced sperm can fertilize external oocytes producing clones of the male parent having the maternal mitochondrial DNA. This phenomenon is known as egg parasitism or mitochondrial capture and it is considered to enhance the reproductive fitness and the invasion success of Corbicula (Pigneur et al, 2012(Pigneur et al, , 2014. Moreover, asexual androgenesis provides short-term evolutionary advantage by reducing costs of meiosis or mate meeting, and favors species invasiveness because a single individual can release up to 90,000 offspring clones (McMahon, 1999).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, haplotype distributions of mitochondrial Cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene and nuclear ribosomal gene 28S did not match the distribution of shell color types (Wang et al, 2014). Thus, three main lineages have been characterized in the invasive range of the species complex, based on shell morphology and molecular analyses (Pfenninger et al, 2002;Hedtke et al, 2008;Pigneur et al, 2014). Confusingly, nomenclature differs among continents and, as we explain below, the American forms A, B, and C correspond to European forms R, Rlc, and S, respectively (Pfenninger et al, 2002;Lee et al, 2005;Hedtke et al, 2008;Pigneur et al, 2011Pigneur et al, , 2014.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thus, three main lineages have been characterized in the invasive range of the species complex, based on shell morphology and molecular analyses (Pfenninger et al, 2002;Hedtke et al, 2008;Pigneur et al, 2014). Confusingly, nomenclature differs among continents and, as we explain below, the American forms A, B, and C correspond to European forms R, Rlc, and S, respectively (Pfenninger et al, 2002;Lee et al, 2005;Hedtke et al, 2008;Pigneur et al, 2011Pigneur et al, , 2014. Mitochondrial COI gene analyses in the invasive range have been used to describe phylogeny of these three invasive lineages (Renard et al, 2000;Siripattrawan et al, 2000;Pfenninger et al, 2002;Lee et al, 2005;Pigneur et al, 2014).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Confusingly, nomenclature differs among continents and, as we explain below, the American forms A, B, and C correspond to European forms R, Rlc, and S, respectively (Pfenninger et al, 2002;Lee et al, 2005;Hedtke et al, 2008;Pigneur et al, 2011Pigneur et al, , 2014. Mitochondrial COI gene analyses in the invasive range have been used to describe phylogeny of these three invasive lineages (Renard et al, 2000;Siripattrawan et al, 2000;Pfenninger et al, 2002;Lee et al, 2005;Pigneur et al, 2014). The low genetic divergence between continents suggested that invasive Corbicula may represent a polymorphic species complex involving the same three lineages in America and Europe (Pigneur et al, 2011(Pigneur et al, , 2014.…”
The Asian clam (Corbicula sp.) is an invasive freshwater bivalve native to Asia, the Middle East, Australia, and Africa. It is now widely distributed around the world producing large ecological and economic impacts. Three well-described invasive lineages form a cryptic species complex with asexual reproduction based on androgenesis. In this study, we collected 175 individuals from different Iberian, European, and North American locations to genetically study Corbicula invasion in the Iberian Peninsula using COI and 28S genes. The use of mitochondrial and nuclear markers allows us to characterize both maternal and paternal inheritance from androgenetic Corbicula locations and to deal with the incongruences caused by egg parasitism. We identified 7 COI and 10 28S haplotypes that grouped individuals within the three invasive Corbicula lineages. Haplotype distribution of mitochondrial and nuclear markers detected genetic divergence between the Ebro Delta location and the rest of Iberian sites, suggesting that at least two invasion episodes occurred in the Iberian Peninsula. Haplotype distribution also suggested secondary contacts between Iberian and other European invaded regions. Additionally, results revealed that nuclear hybridization, a feature more widespread than previously reported, contributes to retain gene diversity in the Corbicula invasionThis research was carried out within the objectives of the research project CGL200909407 of the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacio´n (MICINN). LP received a PhD fellowship support of the Spanish MICINN with reference BES—201003744
Expanding populations incur a mutation burden -the so-called expansion load. Previous studies of expansion load have focused on co-dominant mutations. An important consequence of this assumption is that expansion load stems exclusively from the accumulation of new mutations occurring in individuals living at the wave front. Using individual-based simulations we study here the dynamics of standing genetic variation at the front of expansions, and its consequences on mean fitness if mutations are recessive. We find that deleterious genetic diversity is quickly lost at the front of the expansion, but the loss of deleterious mutations at some loci is compensated by an increase of their frequencies at other loci. The frequency of deleterious homozygotes therefore increases along the expansion axis whereas the average number of deleterious mutations per individual remains nearly constant across the species range. This reveals two important differences to co-dominant models: (i) mean fitness at the front of the expansion drops much faster if mutations are recessive, and (ii) mutation load can increase during the expansion even if the total number of deleterious mutations per individual remains constant. We use our model to make predictions about the shape of the site frequency spectrum at the front of range expansion, and about correlations between heterozygosity and fitness in different parts of the species range. Importantly, these predictions provide opportunities to empirically validate our theoretical results. We discuss our findings in the light of recent results on the distribution of deleterious genetic variation across human populations, and link them to empirical results on the correlation of heterozygosity and fitness found in many natural range expansions.
Differences in local habitat conditions are often implicated as drivers for morphological and genetic divergence in natural populations. However, there are still relatively few studies regarding how divergent habitats influence patterns for morphotypes and genetic lineages in aquatic invertebrates. In this study, we explored the morphological patterns, genetic divergence, and distributions of a bivalve, Corbicula fluminea, in a lotic–lentic system. Sampling locations included lotic, ecotone, and lentic habitats. First, we found two lineages (Lineages A and B) with significant genetic divergence that primarily corresponded to two morphotypes (Morphs D and C) of C. fluminea. Lineage A consisted of 88.68% Morph D (shell sculpture: 8–14 ridges/cmsh) and 11.32% Morph C (shell sculpture: 15 ridges/cmsh) individuals and had genetic similarity to invasive populations. Lineage B consisted of only Morph C (shell sculpture: 15–23 ridges/cmsh). Second, we revealed clear effects of habitat on the spatial distribution patterns for the two lineages of C. fluminea. Lineage A was dominant in lotic habitats, with a significantly higher density than that of Lineage B in these locations. Lineage B was dominant in lentic habitats. However, both lineages had their highest densities in the ecotone habitat, without clear dominance and no significant difference in density between groups. Individuals of Lineages A and B are different in shell morphology, which may be related to a benefit trade‐off between shell shapes that allow for rapid burrowing and holding position in different flow conditions. The distribution patterns indicate that Lineages A and B may not prefer uniquely lotic and lentic habitats, but each lineage is more tolerant to one habitat type, respectively. Generally, our study established a correlation among morphotypes, lineages, and different habitats for C. fluminea along a lotic–lentic gradient system, which has important implementations for fisheries management units and for understanding the role of habitat preference for this species in monitoring for pioneer dispersal in invasive species management.
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