Denitrification in a hypersaline lake–aquifer system (Pétrola Basin, Central Spain): The role of recent organic matter and Cretaceous organic rich sediments

Gómez-Alday, Juan José; Carrey, Raúl; Valiente, Nicolás; Otero, Neus; Soler, Albert; Ayora, Carlos; Sanz, David; Muñoz-Martı́n, A.; Castaño, Santiago; Récio, Clemente; Carnicero, Asunción; Cortijo, A.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.07.129

Cited by 23 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…There are important density contrasts between the hypersaline water of the lake (up to 1.3 g/cm 3 ) and freshwater from the aquifer (≈1 g/cm 3 ). A buoyancy DDF from the lake towards the underlying aquifer is found in the saline lake-aquifer interface as a result of the instability of the saline boundary layer [4][5][6].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 190 water samples from 27 control points were collected from springs, surface water (including streams and lake), agricultural wells, and lake piezometers (Figure 1). The piezometers (n=4) were installed at different depths (GW-12 at 12.1 mbgs, GW-26 at 25.8 mbgs, GW-34 at 34.1 mbgs, and GW-38 at 37.9 mbgs) during 2008 nearby the lake border, as described by [4]. Water samples were collected in two distinct periods.…”

Section: Chemical and Isotopic Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Water samples were collected in two distinct periods. The initial field campaign between September 2008 and October 2011, the methodology and results of which were published by [4]. The second field survey was performed from March 2013 to July 2015, whose methodology and results were published by [5].…”

Section: Chemical and Isotopic Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High salinity zones can be expanded laterally and vertically, controlled partially by groundwater inflow [3]. Solutes transported by the density-driven flow (DDF) can be mixed in the freshwater-saltwater interface, where they can exert an important role in the natural attenuation of pollutants [4]. Documenting surface-water/groundwater interaction in saline lakes is essential to know how the transport of solutes occurs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Groundwater recharge by high-salinity lake water in a density-driven flow dominated system: an isotopic approach

2019

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Pétrola Lake is a terminal lake located in the discharge zone of an endorheic basin. Terminal lakes may be responsible for a significant amount of recharge from evaporated saline water, increasing the salinity of the shallow groundwater. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the interaction between groundwater and saline water from Pétrola Lake in order to improve the knowledge of groundwater recharge processes by density-driven flow (DDF) in terminal lakes. To achieve this goal, hydrochemical (chloride concentration) and stable isotope (δ18O and δDH2O) data were used. The isotopic composition of 190 groundwater and surface water samples collected between September 2008 and July 2015 provide a regression line (δDH2O = 5.0·δ18O – 14.3‰, R2 = 0.95) consistent with dominant evaporation processes. In the basin, groundwater recharge is mainly produced by Atlantic-derived precipitation. In the lake, isotope data suggested that the loss of water occurred at humidity values between 60% and 75%. The saline boundary layer is formed at elevated salt concentrations. Leakage from the lake to the underlying aquifer would take place with salinities from 1.24 g/cm3 by means of the DDF. This study contributes to better understand the role of DDF in terminal lakes.

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chemical and Isotopic Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chemical and Isotopic Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Groundwater recharge by high-salinity lake water in a density-driven flow dominated system: an isotopic approach

2019

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“…However, the nitrification process (NH4 + oxidation to NO3 -) is also a significant source of atmospheric N2O as a by-product (Bremner and Blackmer, 1978;Dore et al, 1998;Löscher et al, 2012). A large diversity and potential activity of denitrifying bacteria have been previously shown for saline lakes (Kulp et al, 2007;Lipsewers et al, 2016), as well as the existence of denitrification at the field scale (Doi et al, 2004;Gómez-Alday et al, 2014). In such ecosystems, variable redox conditions and the supply of organic matter (OM) and nutrients lead to increased N2O production by denitrification (Huttunen et al, 2003;Liu et al, 2015).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen and light determine the pathways of nitrate reduction in a highly saline lake

Valiente

Jirsa

Hein

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Nitrate (NO3&#8722;) removal from aquatic ecosystems involves several microbially mediated processes including denitrification, dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) regulated by slight changes in environmental gradients. Saline lakes are prone to the accumulation of anthropogenic contaminants, making them highly vulnerable environments to NO3&#8722; pollution. We investigated nitrate removal pathways in mesocosm experiments using lacustrine, undisturbed, organic-rich sediments from P&#233;trola Lake (Spain), a highly saline waterbody subject to anthropogenic NO3&#8722; pollution. We used the revised 15N-isotope pairing technique (15N-IPT) to determine NO3&#8722; sink processes. Our results demonstrate the coexistence of denitrification, DNRA, and anammox processes, and their contribution was determined by environmental conditions (oxygen and light). DNRA and N2O-denitrification were the dominant nitrogen (N) removal pathways when oxygen and/or light were present (up to 82&#8201;%). In contrast, anoxia and darkness promoted NO3&#8722; reduction by DNRA (52&#8201;%) and N loss by anammox (28&#8201;%). Our results highlight the role of coupled DNRA-anammox, as yet has never been investigated in hypersaline lake ecosystems. We conclude that anoxia and darkness favored DNRA and anammox processes over denitrification and therefore reduce N2O emissions to the atmosphere.

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Evolution and assessment of a nitrate vulnerable zone over 20 years: Gallocanta groundwater body (Spain)

2020

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Nitrate pollution from agricultural sources is one of the biggest issues facing groundwater management in the European Union (EU). During the last three decades, tens of nitrate vulnerable zones (NVZ) have been designated across the EU, aiming to make the problem more manageable. The Gallocanta Groundwater Body in NE Spain was declared as an NVZ in 1997, and after more than 20 years, significant improvements in water quality were expected to be observed. In the present study, the spatiotemporal trend of nitrate concentration within the Gallocanta NVZ in the last 38 years was assessed, and the effectiveness of the NVZ implementation was tested. Data from the official Ebro Basin Confederation monitoring network from 1980 to 2018 were used, and the results showed an increasing but fluctuating trend in nitrate concentration since 1980. Although a slight improvement was detected after the NVZ designation in 1997, the low rate of improvement would take decades to reach desirable levels in most of the area. The lack of update and control of action programmes, the inappropriate NVZ delimitation, and the influence of natural factors seem to be the reasons for the failure of the nitrate reduction measures. Currently, nitrate pollution and groundwater management are a matter of concern for the EU, so given the recurring problems in water supply in the area and the nonfulfillment of the goal of good quality status, more demanding measures are needed to be implemented in the short term. Keywords Contamination . Endorreism . Groundwater management . Nitrate . Spain Dubrovsky Q1 et al. 2010). Whereas animal farming and indus-36 trial or urban discharges are relatively easy to mitigate, since 37 they usually originate from point sources, NO 3 − leaching from 38 agricultural sources is considered a nonpoint source (Sutton 39 et al. 2011) and is harder to control and prevent. NO 3 − arising 40 from diffuse agricultural sources has been recognized as one 41 of the main causes of groundwater degradation (Sutton et al. 42 2011; Wick et al. 2012; Zhang et al. 2019). 43 The higher NO 3 − requirements of crops and the rising sur-44 face area of cultivated land, along with pressure to produce 45 food at affordable prices and the ease of application of nitro-46 gen fertilizers, have led to an increase in NO 3 − use during the 47 last several decades (DiQ2

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Denitrification in a hypersaline lake–aquifer system (Pétrola Basin, Central Spain): The role of recent organic matter and Cretaceous organic rich sediments

Cited by 23 publications

References 59 publications

Groundwater recharge by high-salinity lake water in a density-driven flow dominated system: an isotopic approach

Groundwater recharge by high-salinity lake water in a density-driven flow dominated system: an isotopic approach

Oxygen and light determine the pathways of nitrate reduction in a highly saline lake

Evolution and assessment of a nitrate vulnerable zone over 20 years: Gallocanta groundwater body (Spain)

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