Prognostic Value of the Number and Size of Venous Invasions in pT3 Colorectal Cancer: A Prospective Observational Study

Shinto, Eiji; Tsuda, Hitoshi; Ueno, Hideki; Shimazaki, Hideyuki; Yamamoto, Junji; Hase, Kazuo

doi:10.1007/s00268-014-2734-5

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Shinto et al studied the prognostic role of the number and size of venous invasions in pT3 colorectal cancer. An increase in the V-number can also lead to a worse prognosis [ 15 ]. Sato and his colleagues classified VI into three groups (G0, G1, G2) on the basis of the average number of VIs observed in a glass slide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grading criteria for venous invasion in thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Wang

Liu

et al. 2023

J Cardiothorac Surg

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Background Venous invasion (VI) is an adverse prognostic indicator in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. However, grading criteria for venous invasion in thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) have not been established. Methods We enrolled 598 thoracic ESCC patients from 2005 to 2017. We detected the presence of venous invasion using the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-staining method and evaluated the VI grade on the basis of the number and maximal size of the involved veins. The degree of VI was classified as either 0, V1, V2, or V3, according to the combination of V-number and V-size. Results The 1-year, 3-year and 5-year disease-free survival rates were 79.7%, 64.7% and 61.2%, respectively. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that lymphatic invasion (HR: 1.457, 95% CI: 1.058–2.006, p = 0.021), T category (HR: 1.457, 95% CI: 1.058–2.006, p = 0.022), N category (HR: 1.535, 95% CI: 1.276–2.846, p < 0.001), stage (HR: 1.563, 95% CI: 1.235–1.976, p < 0.001) and the degree of venous invasion (HR: 1.526, 95% CI: 1.279–2.822, p < 0.001) were significant indicators of recurrence. The disease-free survival curves were distinguished especially well by the degree of venous invasion in stage III and IV patients. Conclusions The present study explored an objective grading criterion for VI and proved the prognostic value of the degree of venous invasion in ESCC. The classification of venous invasion into 4 groups is useful for the differentiation of prognosis in ESCC patients. The prognostic significance of the degree of VI in advanced ESCC patients for recurrence may have to be considered.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grading criteria for venous invasion in thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Wang

Liu

et al. 2023

J Cardiothorac Surg

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“…In many types of cancers, such as gastric, esophagus, colorectal, hepatic, and breast cancers, the frequency of blood vessel and lymphatic permeation has been reported as an independent prognostic factor. [11][12][13][14][15][16] However, in lung cancer, the prognostic impact predictor of recurrence after resection, while others have argued that frequency of vessel invasion is a more important prognostic factor than the presence of vessel invasion. 17,18 Few studies have examined the significance of the number of lymphatic permeation foci on prognosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In many types of cancers, such as gastric, esophagus, colorectal, hepatic, and breast cancers, the frequency of blood vessel and lymphatic permeation has been reported as an independent prognostic factor. 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 However, in lung cancer, the prognostic impact of the number of blood vessel invasion is still controversial. Kaseda et al have reported that the frequency of vessel invasion is not a predictor of recurrence after resection, while others have argued that frequency of vessel invasion is a more important prognostic factor than the presence of vessel invasion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prognostic impact of count of extratumoral lymphatic permeation in lung adenocarcinoma and its relation to the immune microenvironment

et al. 2022

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Extratumoral lymphatic permeation (ly-ext) has been reported as an independent poor prognostic factor for lung adenocarcinoma, but whether or not the number of ly-ext foci is associated with prognosis and its relationship to the immune microenvironment is unclear. We counted the number of ly-ext foci on pathological slides from patients with completely resected lung adenocarcinoma with ly-ext, and divided them into two groups: a group with a high number of ly-ext foci (ly-ext high) and one with a low number of ly-ext foci (ly-ext low). Among the patients with ly-ext, only a high number of ly-ext foci was an independent poor prognostic factor. The 3-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate of the ly-ext high group was significantly lower than that of the ly-ext low group (14.7% vs. 50.0%, P < 0.01). Then, we analyzed the immune microenvironment of pT1 lung adenocarcinoma with ly-ext (13 cases of ly-ext high and 11 cases of ly-ext low tumor) by immunohistochemistry using antibodies for stem cell markers (aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 A1 and CD44), tumor-promoting mucin (MUC1), tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (CD4, CD8, FOXP3, and CD79a), and tumorassociated macrophages (CD204). The number of CD8+ TILs within the primary lesion was significantly lower and the number of FOXP3+ TILs within the primary lesion was significantly higher in the ly-ext high group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively).Our results indicated that a high number of ly-ext foci was an independent poor prognostic factor. Moreover, tumors with high numbers of ly-ext foci had a more immunosuppressive microenvironment.

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Impact of venous invasion on the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in elderly patients with stage III colorectal cancer

et al. 2017

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One of the reasons for the underuse of adjuvant chemotherapy in elderly patients with stage III colorectal cancer is a small survival benefit. This retrospective study sought to identify the predictive factors for elderly patients who could obtain a sufficient survival benefit. We reviewed the data of 1354 elderly patients (aged ≥70 years) with stage III colorectal cancer who underwent complete resection between January 1997 and December 2006. The efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy was assessed, and the risk factors for recurrence were determined. The efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy was also assessed after stratification for the above-mentioned risk factors for recurrence. There was a tendency for adjuvant chemotherapy to be effective in elderly patients (hazard ratio 0.84; 95% CI 0.70-1.01). Age, tumor location, pathology findings, tumor depth, venous invasion and lymph node metastasis were identified to be independent risk factors for recurrence by univariate and multivariate analyses. Among these factors, adjuvant chemotherapy was much effective in the elderly patients with high venous invasion (v2-3) (hazard ratio 0.69; 95% CI 0.52-0.91). High venous invasion (v2-3) was identified to be a predictive factor for elderly patients with stage III colorectal cancer who gained a sufficient survival benefit.

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Prognostic Value of the Number and Size of Venous Invasions in pT3 Colorectal Cancer: A Prospective Observational Study

Abstract: V-number classification may be a useful prognostic system when evaluating and sub-grouping patients with pT3 colorectal cancer.

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Grading criteria for venous invasion in thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Grading criteria for venous invasion in thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Prognostic impact of count of extratumoral lymphatic permeation in lung adenocarcinoma and its relation to the immune microenvironment

Impact of venous invasion on the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in elderly patients with stage III colorectal cancer

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