Cognitive speed of processing training in older adults with visual impairments

Elliott, Amanda; O’Connor, Melissa; Edwards, Jerri D.

doi:10.1111/opo.12148

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 66 publications

(108 reference statements)

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“…In human studies, substantial changes in speed of processing (SOP) and in other spectro-temporal (or spatiotemporal) signal resolution of performance abilities have been shown to result from attention-demanding, speed-challenged auditory (3,(5)(6)(7) or visual training (8)(9)(10)(11). For example, the accurate behavioral identification and stimulus-order reconstruction of rapidly successive auditory stimuli was restored in human individuals trained in their eighth decade of life to a performance level normally typifying human performance abilities recorded in their third or fourth decade (3,6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive impacts of early auditory training on cortical processing at an older age

Cheng

Jia

Zhang

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Progressive negative behavioral changes in normal aging are paralleled by a complex series of physical and functional declines expressed in the cerebral cortex. In studies conducted in the auditory domain, these degrading physical and functional cortical changes have been shown to be broadly reversed by intensive progressive training that improves the spectral and temporal resolution of acoustic inputs and suppresses behavioral distractors. Here we found older rats that were intensively trained on an attentionally demanding modulation-rate recognition task in young adulthood substantially retained training-driven improvements in temporal rate discrimination abilities over a subsequent 18-mo epoch-that is, forward into their older age. In parallel, this young-adult auditory training enduringly enhanced temporal and spectral information processing in their primary auditory cortices (A1). Substantially greater numbers of parvalbumin-and somatostatin-labeled inhibitory neurons (closer to the numbers recorded in young vigorous adults) were recorded in the A1 and hippocampus in old trained versus untrained age-matched rats. These results show that a simple form of training in young adulthood in this rat model enduringly delays the otherwise expected deterioration of the physical status and functional operations of the auditory nervous system, with evident training impacts generalized to the hippocampus.aging | auditory cortex | behavioral training | cortical processing | inhibition A degradation of the status of physical brain machinery, expressed by a decline in its temporal processing abilities, has been repeatedly associated with its deteriorating functional status in normal aging (1-4). Recent studies have shown that the machinery that supports processing accuracy and speed, as well as the processes supporting attention control and distractor suppression, can be substantially rejuvenated via simple forms of intensive training in the aged-rat model (4, 5). With auditory perceptual training, in parallel with recovery in behavioral abilities to that matching young-animal performance levels, serials of key physical, chemical, and functional aspects of cortical processing machinery in the trained rats were shown to be restored to a physical or functional status that approached that normally recorded in vigorous young-adult animals.In human studies, substantial changes in speed of processing (SOP) and in other spectro-temporal (or spatiotemporal) signal resolution of performance abilities have been shown to result from attention-demanding, speed-challenged auditory (3, 5-7) or visual training (8-11). For example, the accurate behavioral identification and stimulus-order reconstruction of rapidly successive auditory stimuli was restored in human individuals trained in their eighth decade of life to a performance level normally typifying human performance abilities recorded in their third or fourth decade (3, 6).Our goal here was to define the magnitude and endurance of an intense dose of attention-demanding modulation di...

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confidence: 99%

Positive impacts of early auditory training on cortical processing at an older age

Cheng

Jia

Zhang

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Older adults had fewer accurate trials reaching to the target than young adults under BOVF (5.762 vs. 10.091, p<.001) condition while no difference was found under POVF condition between the two age groups (20.000 vs. 19.969, p=.971). Additionally, older adults with POVF completed the reaching task more accurately than older adults with BOVF (20.000 vs. 5.762, p<.001).…”

Section: Accurate Numbermentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Ageing-related visual impairments degraded performance in Useful Field of View Test (UFOV). It indicated that older adults would have difficulties to obtain visual information which often manifests as slow cognitive processing speed [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visuomotor behaviors in computer-based reaching tasks by young and older adults: implication for geriatric rehabilitation

Fan¹,

Wong²

2017

Alzheimers Dement Cogn Neurol

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Older adults are more likely to be required to face the problems of deteriorating movement control due to ageing and poor visuomotor adaptation is believed to be one of the important contributors to the problems. Therefore, we assessed motor performance together with gaze behaviors in young and older adults when they were performing computer-based reaching tasks aiming to examine the potential impact of ageing on visuomotor behaviors and adaptation. In this study, visuomotor behaviors in computer-based reaching tasks were quantitatively evaluated under providing online visual feedback or blocking online visual feedback (simulated visual deficiency) conditions. Results revealed that ageing affects motor performance of the reaching tasks significantly in both visual feedback conditions. Older adults performed distinctive gaze behaviors when compared with the young adults. It implies that simulated visual deficiency in the blocking online visual feedback condition may work as a stimulus to cause extra perceptive load during movement execution and, more importantly, ageing induces slower visuomotor adaptation. Therefore, visual deterioration may slow down the process of visuomotor adaptation. Consequently, the results of present study provide us with new insights in how to further improve the Geriatric rehabilitative training methods for older adults in the context of augmenting visuomotor behaviors, for example, by utilizing a welldesigned errorless training methodology to enhance movement automaticity and visuomotor adaption during motor rehabilitation in Geriatric population.

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“… 31 However, a limited number of studies have implemented cognitive training interventions specifically in populations with sensory loss. 30 , 32 Consistent with findings from the current study, speed‐of‐processing training was effective in improving cognitive performance (UFOV Test) in both participants with and without impaired near visual acuity or contrast sensitivity. 30 Similarly, Lawrence et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vision and hearing difficulty and effects of cognitive training in older adults

Huang,

Rebok,

Swenor

et al. 2024

Alz & Dem Diag Ass & Dis Mo

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BACKGROUNDCognitive training is delivered visually and aurally. It is unknown whether self‐reported sensory difficulty modifies the effects of cognitive training on cognition.METHODSParticipants (N = 2788) in the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly Study were randomized to training in memory, reasoning, speed of processing, or control. Differences in the 10‐year effect of cognitive training on cognition by self‐reported vision and hearing difficulty were assessed using linear mixed effect models.RESULTSBenefit (intervention vs. control) of reasoning training was smaller among participants with versus without vision difficulty (difficulty: –0.25, 95% confidence interval: [–0.88, 0.39], no difficulty: 0.58 [0.28, 0.89]). Benefit of memory training was greater for participants with versus without hearing difficulty (difficulty: 0.17 [–0.37, 0.72], no difficulty: –0.20 [–0.65, 0.24]).DISCUSSIONOlder adults with sensory loss have increased risk for cognitive decline; benefits of cognitive training may be greater for these individuals. Sensory loss should be considered in training design.Highlights Memory training was more beneficial for participants with hearing loss. Participants with vision difficulties did not benefit as much from reasoning training. Low accessibility in design and learned compensation strategies may contribute. Consideration of sensory impairment in study design is needed. Inclusion of older adults with sensory impairment in cognitive training is needed.

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Cognitive speed of processing training in older adults with visual impairments

Cited by 7 publications

References 66 publications

Positive impacts of early auditory training on cortical processing at an older age

Positive impacts of early auditory training on cortical processing at an older age

Visuomotor behaviors in computer-based reaching tasks by young and older adults: implication for geriatric rehabilitation

Vision and hearing difficulty and effects of cognitive training in older adults

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