Restless legs syndrome is associated with cardio/cerebrovascular events and mortality in end‐stage renal disease

Lin, Chin‐Hsien; Sy, Hiu-Ngar; Chang, Hao‐Yu; Liou, Hung-Hsiang; Lin, Chien‐Yu; Wu, Vin‐Cent; Wu, Shey-Lin; Chang, Chia Chin; Chiu, Ping Fang; Li, W.-Y.; Lin, Shuei-Liong; Wu, Kwan‐Dun; Chen, Ming-Fong; Wu, Ruey Meei

doi:10.1111/ene.12545

Cited by 37 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…A recent cross-sectional study between control group, renal transplantation group and hemodialysis group found that prevalence in renal transplantation is significantly lower than in hemodialysis patients (Kahvecioglu et al, 2016). RLS is very prevalent in end-stage renal disease patients, and hemodialysis patients with RLS were found to have a higher risk of muscle atrophy (Giannaki et al, 2011), cardio/cerebrovascular events and mortality (Lin C.H. et al, 2015).…”

Section: Secondary Rlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restless Legs Syndrome: From Pathophysiology to Clinical Diagnosis and Management

Guo

Huang

Jiang

et al. 2017

Front. Aging Neurosci.

123

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Restless legs syndrome (RLS), a common neurological sensorimotor disorder in western countries, has gained more and more attention in Asian countries. The prevalence of RLS is higher in older people and females. RLS is most commonly related to iron deficiency, pregnancy and uremia. The RLS symptoms show a significant circadian rhythm and a close relationship to periodic limb movements (PLMs) in clinical observations, while the pathophysiological pathways are still unknown. The diagnostic criteria have been revised in 2012 to improve the validity of RLS diagnosis. Recent studies have suggested an important role of iron decrease of brain in RLS pathophysiology. Dopaminergic (DA) system dysfunction in A11 cell groups has been recognized long ago from clinical treatment and autopsy. Nowadays, it is believed that iron dysfunction can affect DA system from different pathways and opioids have a protective effect on DA system. Several susceptible single nucleotide polymorphisms such as BTBD9 and MEIS1, which are thought to be involved in embryonic neuronal development, have been reported to be associated with RLS. Several pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment are discussed in this review. First-line treatments of RLS include DA agents and α2δ agonists. Augmentation is very common in long-term treatment of RLS which makes prevention and management of augmentation very important for RLS patients. A combination of different types of medication is effective in preventing and treating augmentation. The knowledge on RLS is still limited, the pathophysiology and better management of RLS remain to be discovered.

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Section: Secondary Rlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restless Legs Syndrome: From Pathophysiology to Clinical Diagnosis and Management

Guo

Huang

Jiang

et al. 2017

Front. Aging Neurosci.

123

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“…RLS/WED had been associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease both in primary [19,20,21,22] and uremic forms [6,11,23,24]. Some studies also found that RLS/WED is associated with enhanced mortality in ESRD patients [6,8,11,22,25], particularly those with severe forms of RLS/WED [8,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival of Dialysis Patients with Restless Legs Syndrome: A 15-Year Follow-Up Study

Baiardi

Mondini²,

Antognini³

et al. 2017

Am J Nephrol

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Background: Restless legs syndrome, also known as Willis/Ekbom disease (RLS/WED), is a sleep-related, sensorimotor disorder with a high prevalence among end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing haemodialysis (HD) (about 15-40%). Whether RLS/WED in uremic patients influences cardiovascular morbidity and mortality remains a matter of controversy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of RLS/WED and mortality in a population of chronically dialyzed patients. Method: In 1996, we studied 128 patients with ESRD undergoing HD; 47 subjects (36.7%) complained RLS/WED symptoms. Fifteen years later we evaluated the mortality of this population. No clinical follow-up examination of the uremic population was made. The Kaplan-Maier curves in dialysis patients with or without RLS/WED (control group matched for age) were constructed for all-cause mortality and compared using log-rank test. Results: The Kaplan-Maier curves disclosed a lower mortality rate in the uremic patients with RLS/WED than in those without RLS/WED (p = 0.04). In our analysis, the mortality rate was not influenced by RLS/WED severity (p = 0.11) or gender (p = 0.15). No difference among the causes of death was found in the 2 groups. Conclusions: Our study suggests that mortality in ESRD patients is not influenced by concomitant RLS/WED. After a 15-year follow-up, survival rates in our cohort were significantly longer in uremic subjects with RLS/WED than in those without RLS/WED. Finally, we found no relationship between RLS/WED severity and mortality.

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“…For example, increased morbidity and mortality has been demonstrated in patients with RLS associated with end-stage renal disease, an established secondary cause of RLS(Lin et al, 2015; Winkelman, Chertow, & Lazarus, 1996). These data underline the importance of both primary and secondary RLS as causes of acute distress and predictors of adverse health and functional outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of restless legs syndrome during detoxification from alcohol and opioids

Mackie

McHugh

McDermott

et al. 2017

Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment

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Restless legs syndrome is associated with cardio/cerebrovascular events and mortality in end‐stage renal disease

Abstract: ESRD patients with RLS demonstrated an increased likelihood of cardio/cerebrovascular events and mortality.

Cited by 37 publications

References 25 publications

Restless Legs Syndrome: From Pathophysiology to Clinical Diagnosis and Management

Restless Legs Syndrome: From Pathophysiology to Clinical Diagnosis and Management

Survival of Dialysis Patients with Restless Legs Syndrome: A 15-Year Follow-Up Study

Prevalence of restless legs syndrome during detoxification from alcohol and opioids

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