“…The 2D PEG surface was fabricated as per our previous published work (Singh et al, 2014). In Brief, PlexArrayÒ gold coated chips were cleaned with a plasma cleaner and ethanol.…”
Section: Preparation Of 2d Peg Surfacementioning
confidence: 99%
“…After threading the cyclodextrins to PEG chain, the terminal carboxyl group was activated by EDC (0.39 M) and NHS (0.2 M) mixture followed by capping of chain by Z-Tyr-OH group. Finally, the cyclodextrins hydroxy groups were converted into carboxyl by DMF solution of succinic anhydride and DMAP for 16 h at room temperature under shaking (Singh et al, 2014).…”
Section: Preparation Of Cyclodextrin Surfacementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Stem cell lysate was obtained by using the same method as our previous published work (Nand et al, 2014). R1 mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) were homogenized with lysate buffer.…”
Section: Cell Lysate Preparationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Average sensitivity data from all 10 spots were provided with standard deviation. Data were analyzed according to our previous work (Singh et al, 2014).…”
Section: Spri Analysismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…SPR imaging technology has proven to be an invaluable tool for high-throughput analysis of bio-molecular interactions (Kodoyianni et al, 2011) such as, drug discovery (Singh et al, 2014), biomarker screening (Shabani et al, 2013), nucleic acid detection (Roberta et al, 2013), food safety analysis (Piliarik et al, 2009), environmental analysis (Mauriz et al, 2007), DNA hybridization (Ananthanawat et al, 2010 andMalic et al, 2009), protein-DNA interaction (Pillet et al, 2013) and living cell activation (Hiragun et al, 2012). SPR sensing has been significantly developed in recent years to quantify biomarkers in complex matrixes, such as serum (Choi et al, 2010;Su et al, 2008 andLadd et al, 2009), plasma (Teramura et al, 2007), saliva (Yang et al, 2005) and cell lysate (Kyo et al, 2005).…”
Comparative study for non-specific adsorption of cell lysate and serum on recently developed biosensor surfaces is reported. Different surface chemistries including, polyethylene glycol (PEG), a-cyclodextrin (CD), hydrogel dextran and surface initiated polymerization (SIP) based gold surfaces were taken into account for this study. Various techniques including, surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDIÀTOF/TOF MS) technique to evaluate the surfaces with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for the confirmation of surface fabrication were used. A high non-specific adsorption response of cell lysate and serum was observed on these so-called non-fouling surfaces. The obtained results from this comparative study provided some hope to explore SIP and dextran surface as a universal platform for biosensor applications. SIP produced best result and showed high sensitivity and minimum non-specific adsorption. We believe that this
“…The 2D PEG surface was fabricated as per our previous published work (Singh et al, 2014). In Brief, PlexArrayÒ gold coated chips were cleaned with a plasma cleaner and ethanol.…”
Section: Preparation Of 2d Peg Surfacementioning
confidence: 99%
“…After threading the cyclodextrins to PEG chain, the terminal carboxyl group was activated by EDC (0.39 M) and NHS (0.2 M) mixture followed by capping of chain by Z-Tyr-OH group. Finally, the cyclodextrins hydroxy groups were converted into carboxyl by DMF solution of succinic anhydride and DMAP for 16 h at room temperature under shaking (Singh et al, 2014).…”
Section: Preparation Of Cyclodextrin Surfacementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Stem cell lysate was obtained by using the same method as our previous published work (Nand et al, 2014). R1 mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) were homogenized with lysate buffer.…”
Section: Cell Lysate Preparationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Average sensitivity data from all 10 spots were provided with standard deviation. Data were analyzed according to our previous work (Singh et al, 2014).…”
Section: Spri Analysismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…SPR imaging technology has proven to be an invaluable tool for high-throughput analysis of bio-molecular interactions (Kodoyianni et al, 2011) such as, drug discovery (Singh et al, 2014), biomarker screening (Shabani et al, 2013), nucleic acid detection (Roberta et al, 2013), food safety analysis (Piliarik et al, 2009), environmental analysis (Mauriz et al, 2007), DNA hybridization (Ananthanawat et al, 2010 andMalic et al, 2009), protein-DNA interaction (Pillet et al, 2013) and living cell activation (Hiragun et al, 2012). SPR sensing has been significantly developed in recent years to quantify biomarkers in complex matrixes, such as serum (Choi et al, 2010;Su et al, 2008 andLadd et al, 2009), plasma (Teramura et al, 2007), saliva (Yang et al, 2005) and cell lysate (Kyo et al, 2005).…”
Comparative study for non-specific adsorption of cell lysate and serum on recently developed biosensor surfaces is reported. Different surface chemistries including, polyethylene glycol (PEG), a-cyclodextrin (CD), hydrogel dextran and surface initiated polymerization (SIP) based gold surfaces were taken into account for this study. Various techniques including, surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDIÀTOF/TOF MS) technique to evaluate the surfaces with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for the confirmation of surface fabrication were used. A high non-specific adsorption response of cell lysate and serum was observed on these so-called non-fouling surfaces. The obtained results from this comparative study provided some hope to explore SIP and dextran surface as a universal platform for biosensor applications. SIP produced best result and showed high sensitivity and minimum non-specific adsorption. We believe that this
Glycosylation is co- and posttranslational modifications affecting proteins. The glycopattern changes are associated with changes in biological function and are involved in many diseases including cancer. We present the lectin-based protein microarray method enabling determination of differences in protein glycosylation. The method involves isolation of targeted protein from samples by immunoprecipitation, spotting of protein from multiple samples into arrays on a microarray slide, incubation with set of biotinylated lectins, the reaction with fluorescent conjugate of streptavidin, and detection of fluorescent intensities by microarray scanner. Lectin-based protein microarray was applied in investigation of differences in alpha-2-macroglobulin (α2M) glycosylation isolated from sera samples of healthy persons and patients with colorectal cancer (CC). From 14 lectins used in analysis, statistically significant differences (Student's t-test, P < 0.05) between two groups of samples (persons without cancer and CC patients) were found for 5 of them. α2M molecules isolated from sera of CC patients have higher content of α2,6 sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine and mannose residues, and tri-/tetraantennary complex type high-mannose N-glycans. A novel lectin-based protein microarray developed and described can serve as a suitable analytical technique for sensitive, simple, fast, and high-throughput determination of differences in protein glycosylation isolated from serum or other samples.
As a new and burgeoning area following genomics and proteomics, glycomics has become a hot issue due to its pivotal roles in many physiological and pathological processes. Glycans are much more complicated than genes or proteins since glycans are highly branched and dynamic. Antibodies and lectins are the two major molecular tools applied for glycan profiling. Though the study of antibodies and lectins started at almost the same time in 1880s, lectins gained much less attention than the antibodies until recent decades when the importance and difficulties of glycomics were realized. The present review summarizes the discovery history of lectins and their biological functions with a special emphasis on their various applications as biological tools. Both older techniques that had been developed in the last century and new technologies developed in recent years, especially lectin microarrays and lectin-based biosensors, are included in this account.
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