Effect of broccoli phytochemical extract on release of fatty acids from salmon muscle and salmon oil during in vitro digestion

Aarak, Kristi Ekrann; Kirkhus, Bente; Johansen, Silje; Vegarud, Gerd Elisabeth; Borge, Grethe Iren A.

doi:10.1039/c4fo00438h

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Further, the ingestion route and whether or not PUFA are accompanied by phytocomponents such as broccoli [37], alternates the effective DHA/EPA concentrations in-vivo. Finally, genetic variations [22] and related geneediet interactions enlarge the array of individual diversity in biological effects in-vivo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of omega-3 fatty acids on coronary atherosclerosis quantified by coronary computed tomography angiography

et al. 2021

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Background & aims: Data on the effects omega-3 fatty acids on coronary artery disease (CAD) are contradictory. While a recent metanalysis could not show improved cardiovascular outcomes, antiatherogenic mechanisms are well known. Objective: Aim was to assess the influence of Omega-3 polyunsaturated long-chain fatty acids (PUFA) supplementation on coronary atherosclerosis quantified by coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA). Methods: 106 patients (59.4y± 10.7; 50% females) with low-to-intermediate risk referred to CTA were included. 53 patients under omega 3-PUFA (docosahexaenoic acid, DHA and eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA) supplementation were retrospectively matched with 53 controls (CR) for age, gender and coronary risk profile (smoking, arterial hypertension, family history, dyslipidemia, c-LDL, Cholesterol, TG, diabetes) (1:1, propensity score) and lifestyle habits (exercise, alcohol consumption and nutrition). CTA analysis included 1) stenosis severity score >70%severe, 50e70% moderate, 25e50%mild, <25% minimal), 2) total plaque burden (segment involvement score (SIS) and mixed non-calcified plaque burden (G-score) and 3) high-risk-plaque features (Napkin-Ring-Sign, low attenuation plaque (LAP), spotty calcification<3 mm, RI>1.1). CT-Density (Hounsfield Units, HU) of plaque was quantified by CTA. Results: Prevalence of coronary atherosclerosis (any plaque: 83% vs. 90.6%, p ¼ 0.252), >50% stenosis and stenosis severity score (p ¼ 0.134) were not different between groups. Total and non-calcified plaque burden scores were lower in the omega-3 group (2.7 vs. 3.5, p ¼ 0.08 and 4.5 vs. 7.4, p ¼ 0.027 for SIS and G-score, resp.). Coronary artery calcium score (CACS) was similar (84.7 vs. 87.1AU). High-risk-plaque prevalence was lower in the Omega-3 group (3.8% vs. 32%, p < 0.001); the number of high-risk-plaques (p < 0.001) and Napkin-Ring-Sign prevalence was lower (3.8% vs. 20.9%) (p < 0.001), resp. CT-density (HU) of plaque was higher in the Omega-3 group (131.6 ± 2 vs. 62.1 ± 27, p ¼ 0.02) indicating more fibrous-dense plaque component rather than lipid-rich atheroma. Mean duration of Omega-3 intake was 38.6 ± 52 months (range, 2e240). Conclusions: Omega-3-PUFA supplementation is associated with less coronary atherosclerotic "highrisk" plaque (lipid-rich) and lower total non-calcified plaque burden independent on cardiovascular risk factors. Our study supports direct anti-atherogenic effects of Omega-3-PUFA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of omega-3 fatty acids on coronary atherosclerosis quantified by coronary computed tomography angiography

et al. 2021

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“…It was shown that the bioaccessibility of specific FAs could be affected by the food matrix and fatty acid position on the TAG [23,24]. Therefore, methods capable of providing FA-specific bioaccessibility information at certain extents of lipolysis are desired.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Fatty Acid-Specific Lipolysis by In Vitro Digestion and GC-FID

Tormási

Abrankó

2021

Nutrients

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The nutritional relevance of food compositional data could be improved by taking the bioaccessibility of these constituents into account. A lack of routine methods to assess the bioaccessibility of fatty acids (FAs) in food is one of the limiting factors of doing so. An analytical protocol is proposed for routine assessment of the extent of lipolysis via in vitro digestion simulation methods in food products. The established method provides specific information on each FA individually. Steps of the protocol including the Bligh and Dyer chloroform/methanol/water extraction of esterified and free FAs from in vitro digesta, methyl ester derivatization, and GC-FID analysis were specifically tailored to help routine work and were harmonized with the Infogest in vitro digestion simulation protocol (both v1.0 and v2.0). The method was applied to assess the degree of FA-specific lipolysis in a baked fish (carp) meal and the results showed that the FA composition of the original food significantly differed from that of the distribution of FFAs in the digesta. The use of gastric lipase (in Infogest v2.0 protocol) increased total FA release by 9.5% and its specific impact on palmitic acid was the most prominent.

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