Understanding the sources and composition of the incremental excess of fine particles across multiple sampling locations in one air shed

McGinnis, Jerome E.; Heo, Ji Hoe; Olson, Michael R.; Rutter, Andrew P.; Schauer, James J.

doi:10.1016/s1001-0742(13)60508-2

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…ROS-specific sources including the zinc and lead factors had a moderate to strong correlation with cytokine production ( r = 0.63–0.80), while the secondary source was moderately correlated with cytokine levels ( r = 0.45–0.60) (Table ). This finding supports results from previous studies conducted in Beijing and cities in the North America ,− where mortality was significantly affected by air pollution with fine PM and their specific components (e.g., sulfates and nitrates). In addition, industrial sources that emit high concentrations of zinc and lead could also lead to decreases in an anti-inflammatory effect .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Potential and Inflammatory Impacts of Source Apportioned Ambient Air Pollution in Beijing

Liu

Baumgartner

Zhang

et al. 2014

Environ. Sci. Technol.

177

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Air pollution exposure is associated with a range of adverse health impacts. Knowledge of the chemical components and sources of air pollution most responsible for these health effects could lead to an improved understanding of the mechanisms of such effects and more targeted risk reduction strategies. We measured daily ambient fine particulate matter (<2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter; PM2.5) for 2 months in peri-urban and central Beijing, and assessed the contribution of its chemical components to the oxidative potential of ambient air pollution using the dithiothreitol (DTT) assay. The composition data were applied to a multivariate source apportionment model to determine the PM contributions of six sources or factors: a zinc factor, an aluminum factor, a lead point factor, a secondary source (e.g., SO4(2-), NO3(2-)), an iron source, and a soil dust source. Finally, we assessed the relationship between reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity-related PM sources and inflammatory responses in human bronchial epithelial cells. In peri-urban Beijing, the soil dust source accounted for the largest fraction (47%) of measured ROS variability. In central Beijing, a secondary source explained the greatest fraction (29%) of measured ROS variability. The ROS activities of PM collected in central Beijing were exponentially associated with in vivo inflammatory responses in epithelial cells (R2=0.65-0.89). We also observed a high correlation between three ROS-related PM sources (a lead point factor, a zinc factor, and a secondary source) and expression of an inflammatory marker (r=0.45-0.80). Our results suggest large differences in the contribution of different PM sources to ROS variability at the central versus peri-urban study sites in Beijing and that secondary sources may play an important role in PM2.5-related oxidative potential and inflammatory health impacts.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Potential and Inflammatory Impacts of Source Apportioned Ambient Air Pollution in Beijing

Liu

Baumgartner

Zhang

et al. 2014

Environ. Sci. Technol.

177

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…the nitrate-rich and sulfaterich factors. Studies by Chen et al (2007) and McGinnis et al (2014) also identified the major contribution of the secondary aerosol fraction to PM 2.5 . Table 3 shows the non-carcinogenic (represented as HQ) and carcinogenic risks posed by several selected metals (Pb, As, Cd, Cu, Mn, Zn, and Ni) in PM 2.5 mass concentration through inhalation exposure associated with sources.…”

Section: Identification and Apportionment Of Pm 25 Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…These plants use coal as the raw material to generate electric power. Other researchers have also used As a tracer for the coal burning source (Moreno et al, 2013) and As and Se by Meij and te Winkel (2007) and Querol et al (1995). As and Se are categorized as of great concern and Ba and Sr are of moderate environmental concern in the utilization of coal, as reported by Vejahati et al (2010).…”

Section: Identification and Apportionment Of Pm 25 Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine particulate matter in the tropical environment: monsoonal effects, source apportionment, and health risk assessment

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The health implications of PM 2.5 in the tropical region of Southeast Asia (SEA) are significant as PM 2.5 can pose serious health concerns. PM 2.5 concentration and sources here are strongly influenced by changes in the monsoon regime from the south-west quadrant to the north-east quadrant in the region. In this work, PM 2.5 samples were collected at a semi-urban area using a high-volume air sampler at different seasons on 24 h basis. Analysis of trace elements and water-soluble ions was performed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) and ion chromatography (IC), respectively. Apportionment analysis of PM 2.5 was carried out using the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) positive matrix factorization (PMF) 5.0 and a mass closure model. We quantitatively characterized the health risks posed to human populations through the inhalation of selected heavy metals in PM 2.5 . 48 % of the samples collected exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) 24 h PM 2.5 guideline but only 19 % of the samples exceeded 24 h US EPA National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS). The PM 2.5 concentration was slightly higher during the north-east monsoon compared to south-west monsoon. The main trace metals identified were As, Pb, Cd, Ni, Mn, V, and Cr while the main ions were SO 2− 4 , NO − 3 , NH + 4 , and Na. The mass closure model identified four major sources of PM 2.5 that account for 55 % of total mass balance. The four sources are mineral matter (MIN) (35 %), secondary inorganic aerosol (SIA) (11 %), sea salt (SS) (7 %), and trace elements (TE) (2 %). PMF 5.0 elucidated five potential sources: motor vehicle emissions coupled with biomass burning (31 %) were the most dominant, followed by marine/sulfate aerosol (20 %), coal burning (19 %), nitrate aerosol (17 %), and mineral/road dust (13 %). The hazard quotient (HQ) for four selected metals (Pb, As, Cd, and Ni) in PM 2.5 mass was highest in PM 2.5 mass from the coal burning source and least in PM 2.5 mass originating from the mineral/road dust source. The main carcinogenic heavy metal of concern to health at the current location was As; the other heavy metals (Ni, Pb, and Cd) did not pose a significant cancer risk in PM 2.5 mass concentration. Overall, the associated lifetime cancer risk posed by the exposure of hazardous metals in PM 2.5 is 3-4 per 1 000 000 people at this location. Published by CopernicusPublications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 598 M. F. Khan et al.: Fine particulate matter in the tropical environment Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 597-617, 2016 www.atmos-chem-phys.net/16/597/2016/

show abstract

“…However, no study has quantified the levels of EPFRs in airborne PM during haze events, so whether the haze events noticeably increase the EPFR levels in airborne PM has remained unclear. Different-sized PM may reach dissimilar depths of the respiratory system and lead to differential health effects. − It has also been demonstrated that the toxicity of PM with varying sizes and compositions is different. , Previous studies have also confirmed different loads of notorious toxic persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in airborne fine particles of various sizes. , Therefore, it is vital to clarify the levels and particle-size distributions of EPFRs in airborne PM with the aim of better understanding the potential health risks owing to air inhalation of EPFRs in airborne fine particles, especially during haze events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Elevated Levels and Particle-Size Distributions of Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals in Haze-Associated Atmosphere

Yang

Liu

Jin

et al. 2017

Environ. Sci. Technol.

114

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Levels and particle-size distributions of environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) in haze-associated atmospheric particulate matter (PM) have not been highlighted, even though they may enter the human body along with PM and adversely affect human health. This study quantified the levels of EPFRs in airborne PM with different aerodynamic diameters (d) using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. EPR spectra showed a single, unstructured signal from persistent semiquinone radicals. The average concentration of EPFRs in the airborne PM during haze events was 2.18 × 12 spins/g (range: 3.06 × 10-6.23 × 10 spins/g), approximately 2 orders of magnitude higher than that reported previously in the US atmosphere. Particle-size distributions of EPFRs in four different PM fractions (d > 10 μm, 10 μm < d < 2.5 μm, 2.5 μm

show abstract

Understanding the sources and composition of the incremental excess of fine particles across multiple sampling locations in one air shed

Cited by 11 publications

References 24 publications

Oxidative Potential and Inflammatory Impacts of Source Apportioned Ambient Air Pollution in Beijing

Oxidative Potential and Inflammatory Impacts of Source Apportioned Ambient Air Pollution in Beijing

Fine particulate matter in the tropical environment: monsoonal effects, source apportionment, and health risk assessment

Highly Elevated Levels and Particle-Size Distributions of Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals in Haze-Associated Atmosphere

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About