Candidaemia Observed at a University Hospital in Milan (Northern Italy) and Review of Published Studies from 2010 to 2014

Milazzo, Laura; Peri, Anna Maria; Mazzali, Cristina; Grande, Romualdo; Cazzani, Chiara; Ricaboni, Davide; Castelli, Antonio; Raimondi, Ferdinando; Magni, C.; Galli, Massimo; Antinori, Spinello

doi:10.1007/s11046-014-9786-9

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…La incidencia de candidemias varía según la región; en algunos países se ha estabilizado o disminuido 28-31 pero en otros continúa en aumento [32][33][34][35][36] . En nuestra institución, la incidencia ha aumentado, tanto medida con la tasa por 1.000/egresos como con la tasa por 1.000 días-paciente, y el incremento fue estadísticamente significativo entre los primeros ocho años y los posteriores.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Epidemiología, especies, resistencia antifúngica y evolución de las candidemias en un hospital universitario de Buenos Aires, Argentina, durante 16 años

Tiraboschi

Pozzi

Farias

et al. 2017

Rev. chil. infectol.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Epidemiología, especies, resistencia antifúngica y evolución de las candidemias en un hospital universitario de Buenos Aires, Argentina, durante 16 años

Tiraboschi

Pozzi

Farias

et al. 2017

Rev. chil. infectol.

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“…Candida infections are most often caused by C. albicans as evidenced by epidemiological studies in the United States (Cleveland et al, 2015), Europe (Klingspor et al, 2015), and the Middle East (Sharifzadeh et al, 2013). Of all the NAC species, C. glabrata is the most commonly isolated from patients with candidemia in North America (Sobel, 2010; Azie et al, 2012; Pfaller et al, 2014b), and Northern Europe (Lortholary et al, 2014; Milazzo et al, 2014), as well as other geographic areas studied with the exception of Latin America (Pfaller et al, 2010). C. glabrata is also the most common NAC species found to be the causative agent in vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) (Corsello et al, 2003; Holland et al, 2003; Richter et al, 2005; Vermitsky et al, 2008; Mahmoudi Rad et al, 2012) and candiduria (Sobel et al, 2000; Kauffman, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Azole Antifungal Resistance in Candida albicans and Emerging Non-albicans Candida Species

et al. 2017

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Within the limited antifungal armamentarium, the azole antifungals are the most frequent class used to treat Candida infections. Azole antifungals such as fluconazole are often preferred treatment for many Candida infections as they are inexpensive, exhibit limited toxicity, and are available for oral administration. There is, however, extensive documentation of intrinsic and developed resistance to azole antifungals among several Candida species. As the frequency of azole resistant Candida isolates in the clinical setting increases, it is essential to elucidate the mechanisms of such resistance in order to both preserve and improve upon the azole class of antifungals for the treatment of Candida infections. This review examines azole resistance in infections caused by C. albicans as well as the emerging non-albicans Candida species C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis, C. krusei, and C. glabrata and in particular, describes the current understanding of molecular basis of azole resistance in these fungal species.

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“…Candida glabrata is an emerging pathogen in public and private Brazilian hospitals ( Colombo et al 2013 ). Moreover, it is the most common species of invasive fungal infections among non-albicans Candida species in North America ( Lockhart et al 2012 , Pfaller et al 2014 ) and Central Europe ( De Luca et al 2012 , Milazzo et al 2014 ). Based on molecular analysis, two new species that are closely related to and phenotypically resemble C. glabrata have been described: Candida nivariensis and Candida bracarensis (Alcoba-Flórez et al 2005b, Correia et al 2006 ).…”

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First description of Candida nivariensis in Brazil: antifungal susceptibility profile and potential virulence attributes

Figueiredo-Carvalho

Ramos

Barbedo

et al. 2016

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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This study evaluated the antifungal susceptibility profile and the production of potential virulence attributes in a clinical strain of Candida nivariensis for the first time in Brazil, as identified by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS)1-5.8S-ITS2 region and D1/D2 domains of the 28S of the rDNA. For comparative purposes, tests were also performed with reference strains. All strains presented low planktonic minimal inhibitory concentrations (PMICs) to amphotericin B (AMB), caspofungin (CAS), and voriconazole. However, our strain showed elevated planktonic MICs to posaconazole (POS) and itraconazole, in addition to fluconazole resistance. Adherence to inert surfaces was conducted onto glass and polystyrene. The biofilm formation and antifungal susceptibility on biofilm-growing cells were evaluated by crystal violet staining and a XTT reduction assay. All fungal strains were able to bind both tested surfaces and form biofilm, with a binding preference to polystyrene (p < 0.001). AMB promoted significant reductions (≈50%) in biofilm production by our C. nivariensis strain using both methodologies. This reduction was also observed for CAS and POS, but only in the XTT assay. All strains were excellent protease producers and moderate phytase producers, but lipases were not detected. This study reinforces the pathogenic potential of C. nivariensis and its possible resistance profile to the azolic drugs generally used for candidiasis management.

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Candidaemia Observed at a University Hospital in Milan (Northern Italy) and Review of Published Studies from 2010 to 2014

Abstract: Candidaemia is an increasing BSI in our university hospital, in accordance with that observed in northern Italy, and it is still associated with high in-hospital crude mortality.

Cited by 26 publications

References 77 publications

Epidemiología, especies, resistencia antifúngica y evolución de las candidemias en un hospital universitario de Buenos Aires, Argentina, durante 16 años

Epidemiología, especies, resistencia antifúngica y evolución de las candidemias en un hospital universitario de Buenos Aires, Argentina, durante 16 años

Azole Antifungal Resistance in Candida albicans and Emerging Non-albicans Candida Species

First description of Candida nivariensis in Brazil: antifungal susceptibility profile and potential virulence attributes

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