Parents and friends both matter: simultaneous and interactive influences of parents and friends on European schoolchildren’s energy balance-related behaviours – the ENERGY cross-sectional study

Velde, Saskia J. te; Chinapaw, Mai J. M.; Bourdeaudhuij, Ilse De; Bere, Elling; Maes, Lea; Moreno, Luís A.; Jan, Nataša; Kovács, Éva; Μanios, Yannis; Brug, Johannes

doi:10.1186/1479-5868-11-82

Cited by 35 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The adolescents experienced that support given by parents and friends was often essential for participation and worked as a motivator to become physically active, and this is consistent with previous research where peer norms and modelling are known to be associated with adolescent's health-related behaviours [31]. Besides modelling, the parents are important facilitators of physical activity [32].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Physically inactive adolescents’ experiences of engaging in physical activity

Mikaelsson

Rutberg

Lindqvist

et al. 2019

European Journal of Physiotherapy

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Purpose: This study aimed to describe physically inactive adolescents' experiences and reflections about engaging in physical activity. Methods: Nine graduate students from the third year of upper secondary school (six women and three men) participated in this study. Narrative interviews were used for data collection and qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the interviews. Results: The analysis revealed three themes 'Acknowledging resistance and barriers to performing physical activity', 'Knowing that it is good is not enough', and 'Feeling included and accepted is fun and motivating'. These themes show that the adolescent's experienced barriers, acknowledged pros and cons and identified possibilities to be physically active. Conclusions: Identifying experiences that impact on inactive adolescents' attitude and willingness to perform physical activity can be useful to understand the needs of the individual. By relating these experiences to the different stages of the transtheoretical model, this study could provide valuable knowledge for designing future interventions to enhance physical activity in this target group.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Physically inactive adolescents’ experiences of engaging in physical activity

Mikaelsson

Rutberg

Lindqvist

et al. 2019

European Journal of Physiotherapy

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“…In an aetiological study examining the interactive effects of parents and families on weightrelated behaviours, no additive influences were seen. Parent variables tended to moderate the effect, rather than additively influence, with peer influences (105). In another study where the school environment was targeted as a mediator of change for fruit and vegetable consumption of middle school children, while the intervention was successful in changing important elements of the school environment (106), those environmental changes were not adequate to change the overall fruit and vegetable consumption of youth exposed (106).…”

Section: Are Our Theory-based Mediators Operating As Expected?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Should the IDEFICS outcomes have been expected?

Baranowski

Lytle

2015

Obesity Reviews

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SummaryThe Identification and prevention of Dietary-and lifestyle-induced health EFfects In Children and infantS (IDEFICS) study evaluated with a large sample a comprehensive carefully planned obesity prevention intervention targeting multiple levels of influence that were culturally adapted to the situations in eight European countries. Despite the great effort and attention to detail, the IDEFICS study did not achieve its targeted adiposity or behaviour change objectives. Should we be surprised that the IDEFICS trial did not have its intended effects? We think not, and would have been surprised if it did. Recent research has revealed the lack of consistent meaningful relationships between several apparently obesogenic behaviours and adiposity, weak or no relationships among behavioural change procedures, mediating variables and targeted behaviours and inadequate attention to moderating effects. Future obesity prevention interventions would benefit from a more thorough understanding of the complex relationships that have been hypothesized and the interrelationships with biological factors. While systems modelling has been proposed as providing the solution, important less complex identification of new constructs, new relationships and community interventions are still needed, both to find innovative solutions and to provide input into the systems models. We should question results from cross-sectional studies and be satisfied only with longitudinal or experimental tests of relationships.

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“…Studies that have solely assessed the role of friends, generally revealed that similarities among friends are often found for foods typically consumed in peer contexts [25]. Given that these foods are usually unhealthy in nature (e.g., SSBs or snacks) [26,27] and are obtained from outside the home (e.g., at the school canteen, at the snack bar, or at the supermarket) [28], adolescents' intake is expected to be more similar to their best friends' food intake when considering unhealthy food obtained from outside the home. The few studies that have addressed the role of parents and friends simultaneously, showed positive associations between adolescents', parents', and friends' intake of SSBs [27] and found that adolescents' fruit and vegetables intake was positively related to their parents', but not to their friends' intake [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Adolescents’ Food Intake Associated with Exposure to the Food Intake of Their Mothers and Best Friends?

Broek¹,

Larsen²,

Verhagen³

et al. 2020

Nutrients

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Both mothers’ and best friends’ food intake are associated with adolescents’ food intake, but they are rarely investigated simultaneously. In this study, we tested the associations of mothers’ and best friends’ food intake with adolescents’ intake of unhealthy and healthy food, obtained from home and from outside the home, and the moderating role of adolescents’ exposure to their food intake. Participants included 667 adolescents (53% female, Mage = 12.9) and 396 of their mothers. Within this adolescent sample, 378 best friend dyads were identified. All participants completed food frequency questionnaires. Mothers separately reported on their food intake in the presence and absence of their child, and adolescents indicated how often they ate and drank together with their best friend during school breaks. Mothers’, but not best friends’, food intake was positively related to adolescents’ intake of unhealthy and healthy food obtained from home and healthy food obtained from outside the home. Exposure to mothers’ healthy food intake magnified mother-child similarities in healthy food intake. Exposure to best friends’ intake of unhealthy food moderated adolescent-friend similarities in unhealthy food intake. Future work should assess the mechanisms that underlie these similarities, and should investigate these associations over time and in later developmental periods.

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Parents and friends both matter: simultaneous and interactive influences of parents and friends on European schoolchildren’s energy balance-related behaviours – the ENERGY cross-sectional study

Cited by 35 publications

References 53 publications

Physically inactive adolescents’ experiences of engaging in physical activity

Physically inactive adolescents’ experiences of engaging in physical activity

Should the IDEFICS outcomes have been expected?

Is Adolescents’ Food Intake Associated with Exposure to the Food Intake of Their Mothers and Best Friends?

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