25(OH)D2 Half-Life Is Shorter Than 25(OH)D3 Half-Life and Is Influenced by DBP Concentration and Genotype

Jones, Kerry S.; Assar, Shima; Harnpanich, D.; Bouillon, Roger; Lambrechts, Diether; Prentice, Ann; Schoenmakers, Inez

doi:10.1210/jc.2014-1714

Cited by 215 publications

(186 citation statements)

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“…at birth) may not mirror earlier 25(OH)D pregnancy levels. Because the fetus is completely dependent on maternal 25(OH)D supply [38] and because the half-life of 25(OH)D is approximately 2-3 weeks [39], the 25(OH)D levels at birth, as a minimum, reflects fetal 25(OH)D exposure during the end of third trimester of pregnancy. At the same time, immune maturation is especially prominent with regards to development of self-tolerance from mid-pregnancy [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal vitamin D status is not associated with later risk of type 1 diabetes: results from two large Danish population-based studies

et al. 2016

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Aims/hypothesis The aim of this work was to assess whether neonatal levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) are associated with risk of developing type 1 diabetes before the age of 18 years. Methods Two large-scale studies with different designs-a case-cohort and a case-control-were conducted using Danish national register data and biobank material. Weighted Cox regression and conditional logistic regression were used to calculate HRs and ORs, respectively. The concentration of 25(OH)D was assessed from neonatal dried blood spots using highly sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Quintiles of 25(OH)D 3 were used in the main analyses.Results The case-cohort study included 912 type 1 diabetes cases and 2866 individuals without type 1 diabetes born in Denmark between 1981 and 2002 and followed up until the end of 2012. The case-control study included 527 matched case-control pairs born between 1981 and 1999 and followed up until May 2004. Both studies found no association between 25(OH)D 3 levels and later risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The neonatal total 25(OH)D levels in the studies were low: 46% (case-cohort study) and 51% (case-control study) of individuals had 25(OH)D levels <25 nmol/l. Conclusions/interpretation Our two large-scale national studies showed that 25(OH)D 3 levels around the time of birth were not associated with later type 1 diabetes risk. Whether higher levels of 25(OH)D 3 during pregnancy, acquired by higher doses of supplementation than are recommended today in Ramune Jacobsen and Steffen U. Thorsen are joint first authors.Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal vitamin D status is not associated with later risk of type 1 diabetes: results from two large Danish population-based studies

et al. 2016

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“…This is a particularly challenging task. Indeed, 25(OH) D 2 and 25(OH)D 3 have subtle structural differences, have different binding affinities to their natural serum transporter (DBP) and have different half-lives [34,35]. In addition, the assay must not significantly cross-react with a multitude of vitamin D metabolites (including vitamin D 2 and vitamin D 3 and 3-epivitamin D [36]) despite these metabolites being structurally very similar to 25(OH)D. As 25(OH)D is a highly hydrophobic molecule, it exclusively circulates bound to DBP (free circulating 25(OH)D has never been found).…”

Section: Vitamin D Metabolism and Physiological Rolesmentioning

confidence: 99%

First 25-hydroxyvitamin D assay for general chemistry analyzers

Saida

Chen

Tran

et al. 2014

Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics

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25-Hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], the predominant circulating form of vitamin D, is an accurate indicator of the general vitamin D status of an individual. Because vitamin D deficiencies have been linked to several pathologies (including osteoporosis and rickets), accurate monitoring of 25(OH)D levels is becoming increasingly important in clinical settings. Current 25(OH)D assays are either chromatographic or immunoassay-based assays. These assays include HPLC, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), enzyme-immunosorbent, immunochemiluminescence, immunofluorescence and radioimmunoassay. All these assays use heterogeneous formats that require phase separation and special instrumentations. In this article, we present an overview of these assays and introduce the first homogeneous assay of 25(OH)D for use on general chemistry analyzers. A special emphasis is put on the unique challenges posed by the 25(OH)D analyte. These challenges include a low detection limit, the dissociation of the analyte from its serum transporter and the inactivation of various binding proteins without phase separation steps.

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“…The major remaining questions are the overall health implications of vitamin D beyond bone health, the precise requirements (and thus the definition of vitamin D deficiency and the associated serum 25OHD concentrations) and the practical modalities to implement and maintain this supplementation for many years or for a lifetime to millions or even billions of people in a cost efficient way. Vitamin D is rapidly cleared from the circulation after its oral intake but it has nevertheless a long biological life time and its major metabolite, 25OHD, has a half-life of about 2 weeks [4]. As to enhance compliance, high dose intermittent therapy (once every 6-12 months) has been introduced in the past but several recent studies documented either transient hypercalcemia in children [5] or transient increased risks of falls or fractures [6,7] and therefore this strategy is no longer a valid option.…”

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confidence: 99%

Optimal vitamin D supplementation strategies

Bouillon

2017

Endocrine

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Humans survived evolution without vitamin D-rich food or without vitamin D supplementation until vitamin D deficiency, rickets, became a major health problem from the 17th century onwards [1]. During the 20 th century, it became clear that exposure to sunlight and UVB should be avoided (infants and young children), or limited because of life time risks of skin damage or skin cancers. Moreover, voluntary avoidance (e.g. for cultural or religious reasons) of sun exposure or mismatch between skin color and climate (dark skinned immigrants living in Northern or Southern latitudes) severely limits the endogenous production of vitamin D well below the normal vitamin D requirements. This cannot be compensated by promoting natural vitamin D-rich food as there is simply not enough fatty fish in the ocean. Therefore vitamin D supplementation (either as vitamin D enriched food or by intake of supplements) will remain necessary for all infants and young children, for most elderly subjects and for other risk groups [2,3]. The major remaining questions are the overall health implications of vitamin D beyond bone health, the precise requirements (and thus the definition of vitamin D deficiency and the associated serum 25OHD concentrations) and the practical modalities to implement and maintain this supplementation for many years or for a lifetime to millions or even billions of people in a cost efficient way. Vitamin D is rapidly cleared from the circulation after its oral intake but it has nevertheless a long biological life time and its major metabolite, 25OHD, has a half-life of about 2 weeks [4]. As to enhance compliance, high dose intermittent therapy (once every 6-12 months) has been introduced in the past but several recent studies documented either transient hypercalcemia in children [5] or transient increased risks of falls or fractures [6,7] and therefore this strategy is no longer a valid option. Daily, weekly or monthly use of vitamin D (in equivalent cumulative dosage) could enhance long term compliance depending on the behavior or preference of the target groups. Whether such intermittent therapy generates the same vitamin D status has been studied by a group of Hungarian scientists [8]. They randomized modestly vitamin D deficient adults (mean age 53 years; mean baseline 25OHD of~13 ng/ml) to receive either daily (1000 IU), weekly (7000 IU) or monthly (30,000 IU) doses of vitamin D 3 and found very similar increase in the serum 25OHD after 3 months. This conclusion was essentially the same whether or not the data were corrected for several potentially confounding factors. The increase in serum 25OHD was about 1.3 ng/100 IU, in line with most previous studies in subjects with a similarly low baseline vitamin D status. The results confirm a previous (equally small) study in elderly subjects (mean age of 80 years [9]), whereas others found a slightly lower efficacy of monthly compared to daily or weekly doses [10]. Collectively, however, these reports confirm that these strategies yield essentially similar results ...

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25(OH)D2 Half-Life Is Shorter Than 25(OH)D3 Half-Life and Is Influenced by DBP Concentration and Genotype

Cited by 215 publications

References 38 publications

Neonatal vitamin D status is not associated with later risk of type 1 diabetes: results from two large Danish population-based studies

Neonatal vitamin D status is not associated with later risk of type 1 diabetes: results from two large Danish population-based studies

First 25-hydroxyvitamin D assay for general chemistry analyzers

Optimal vitamin D supplementation strategies

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