25-Hydroxvitamin D concentrations are not lower in children with bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis, obesity, or attention-deficient/hyperactivity disorder than in healthy children

Reinehr, Thomas; Langrock, Christian; Hamelmann, Eckard; Lücke, Thomas; Koerner-Rettberg, Cordula; Holtmann, Martin; Legenbauer, Tanja; Gest, Stephanie; Frank, Mirjam; Schmidt, Börge; Radkowski, Katharina; Jöckel, Karl‐Heinz

doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2018.01.002

Cited by 24 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Some authors have reported a correlation between VD deficiency and ADHD (9-11) but others have shown no significant variations between VD levels in ADHD children and those of healthy children (25). Only one research report has focused on the VD levels of ADHD children in China (26) and the relationship between VA levels and ADHD has not been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Levels of Vitamin A and Vitamin D and Their Association With Symptoms in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Yue

Wang

et al. 2020

Front. Psychiatry

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Objective: To measure levels of vitamin A (VA) and vitamin D (VD) and the symptomatic association of their co-deficiencies on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Chinese children (6–9 years).Methods: Eighty-two children (69 boys and 13 girls; mean age = 7.1 ± 0.9 years at the time of the diagnosis) with ADHD were recruited as ADHD group. A total of 106 healthy children were recruited as the healthy control (HC) group. Serum levels of retinol and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) of all children were evaluated using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry. The Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham IV Rating Scale (SNAP-IV) was employed to assess the clinical symptoms of ADHD.Results: Children suffering from ADHD had significantly reduced serum levels of retinol and 25(OH)D compared with those of HCs, and the prevalence of VA deficiency and VD deficiency were higher in children suffering from ADHD. Serum concentrations of 25(OH)D and retinol were linked closely with the presence or absence of ADHD after adjustment for age, body mass index, season of blood sampling, and sun exposure. Serum concentrations of 25(OH)D and retinol showed a negative correlation with the total scores of SNAP-IV. Children with ADHD as well as VA and VD co-deficiency had increased SNAP-IV total scores and ADHD inattention subscale scores.Conclusion: VA deficiency and VD deficiency in children with ADHD were increased in comparison with that in HCs. VA and VD co-deficiency associated with ADHD symptom severity. Attention should be paid to regular testing of VA levels and VD levels. However, the mechanism of VA and VD in ADHD needs to be further studied. Interventional studies on VA and VD supplementation are recommended to further verify the relationship between VA and VD co-deficiency and ADHD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Levels of Vitamin A and Vitamin D and Their Association With Symptoms in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Yue

Wang

et al. 2020

Front. Psychiatry

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“…Previous studies reported that Vitamin D 3 supposedly plays a protective, anti-infectious role, by aiding the epithelial expression of antimicrobial peptides such as cathelicidin [ 31 ], and it also plays an anti-inflammatory role by modulating the immune response, thus limiting bacterial activity and promoting the healing process. The related body of literature presents contrasting data: some studies report no significant difference in the serum 25-OH-VitD level in AD asthmatics compared with healthy children [ 32 ], whereas others have found that AD patients have lower serum 25-OH-VitD levels [ 33 ] and suggest that the presence of AD in asthmatics is a potential risk factor for suboptimal 25-OH-VitD levels [ 21 ]. In another approach in research focused on the relationship between the intensity of AD episodes and the serum concentration of 25-OH-VitD, several studies provided evidence of an inverse correlation between the two [ 33 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suboptimal Serum 25-Hydroxy-Vitamin D Is Associated with a History of Recent Disease Exacerbation in Pediatric Patients with Bronchial Asthma or Asthma-Suggestive Recurrent Wheezing

Adam-Bonci

Cherecheş-Panţa

Bonci

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Even though vitamin D is widely acknowledged as having a potential immunomodulatory role in asthma, its exact beneficial mechanisms are yet to be clarified. An optimal serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25-OH-VitD) level in pediatric asthma patients might not rely solely on the effect of dose-dependent vitamin D3 intake, but might also be influenced by factors related to insufficient asthma control. We aimed to survey the prevalence of serum 25-OH-VitD deficiency and analyze whether suboptimal levels were associated with asthma severity factors. The current cross-sectional study enrolled 131 pediatric asthma or asthma-suggestive recurrent wheezing patients, for whom serum 25-OH-VitD, IgE, and eosinophil count were assessed. The prevalence of suboptimal serum 25-OH-VitD was 58.8%. A suboptimal vitamin D status was associated with asthma exacerbation in the previous month (p = 0.02). Even under seasonal oral vitamin D3 supplementation, patients with a positive history of asthma attack in the previous four weeks presented significantly lower serum 25-OH-VitD concentrations, compared to their peers with no disease exacerbation. In conclusion, sequential measurements of serum 25-OH-VitD might prove useful for future studies evaluating the dynamic changes in vitamin D3 status in regard to asthma, especially in symptomatic patients.

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“…Despite the observed association with immune-mediated illnesses, there has been limited research on systemic immune regulatory mechanisms in ADHD. Most reports showed lack of significant differences of circulating levels of pro-and antiinflammatory cytokines, as well as of other chronic immune activation markers, e.g., markers of the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway, of neurotrophic markers of glial integrity, e.g., S100-B protein, and of immunomodulating molecules like vitamin D3 in both pediatric (133)(134)(135)(136)(137) and adult (138,139) populations. The only cytokine reported as significantly increased in ADHD in two independent studies has been IL-6 (140,141).…”

Section: Adhdmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Does Immunology Have to Do With Normal Brain Development and the Pathophysiology Underlying Tourette Syndrome and Related Neuropsychiatric Disorders?

2020

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The goal of this article is to review the past decade's literature and provide a critical commentary on the involvement of immunological mechanisms in normal brain development, as well as its role in the pathophysiology of Tourette syndrome, other Chronic tic disorders (CTD), and related neuropsychiatric disorders including Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods: We conducted a literature search using the Medline/PubMed and EMBASE electronic databases to locate relevant articles and abstracts published between 2009 and 2020, using a comprehensive list of search terms related to immune mechanisms and the diseases of interest, including both clinical and animal model studies. Results: The cellular and molecular processes that constitute our "immune system" are crucial to normal brain development and the formation and maintenance of neural circuits. It is also increasingly evident that innate and adaptive systemic immune pathways, as well as neuroinflammatory mechanisms, play an important role in the pathobiology of at least a subset of individuals with Tourette syndrome and related neuropsychiatric disorders In the conceptual framework of the holobiont theory, emerging evidence points also to the importance of the "microbiota-gut-brain axis" in the pathobiology of these neurodevelopmental disorders. Conclusions: Neural development is an enormously complex and dynamic process. Immunological pathways are implicated in several early neurodevelopmental processes including the formation and refinement of neural circuits. Hyper-reactivity of systemic immune pathways and neuroinflammation may contribute to the natural fluctuations of the core behavioral features of CTD, OCD, and ADHD. There is still limited knowledge of the efficacy of direct and indirect (i.e., through environmental modifications) immune-modulatory interventions in the treatment of these disorders. Future research also needs to focus on the key molecular pathways through which dysbiosis of different tissue microbiota influence neuroimmune interactions in these disorders, Martino et al. Immunity in TS/CTD, OCD, and ADHD and how microbiota modification could modify their natural history. It is also possible that valid biomarkers will emerge that will guide a more personalized approach to the treatment of these disorders.

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25-Hydroxvitamin D concentrations are not lower in children with bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis, obesity, or attention-deficient/hyperactivity disorder than in healthy children

Cited by 24 publications

References 40 publications

Serum Levels of Vitamin A and Vitamin D and Their Association With Symptoms in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Serum Levels of Vitamin A and Vitamin D and Their Association With Symptoms in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Suboptimal Serum 25-Hydroxy-Vitamin D Is Associated with a History of Recent Disease Exacerbation in Pediatric Patients with Bronchial Asthma or Asthma-Suggestive Recurrent Wheezing

What Does Immunology Have to Do With Normal Brain Development and the Pathophysiology Underlying Tourette Syndrome and Related Neuropsychiatric Disorders?

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