often opposite, glabrous, quadrangular, latex usually resinous, thick, yellow in bark, branches, and fruits. Wood brick-red, heavy; bark black or dark brown, yellow, smooth; latex yellow, sticky; latex yellow, sticky. Leaves simple, opposite, lanceolate to elliptic-oblong, about 10-25 Â 4-10 cm across, base acute, margins entire, apex shallow acuminate to acute, glossy, shining, thick, coriaceous, glabrous on both sides, midrib prominent above and beneath, lateral veins 35-50, irregular with oblique parallel short veins, anastomosing near the margins, veinlets reticulate, petiole robust, slender with raised margins, about 1-2.5 cm long, exstipulate. Inflorescence axillary, solitary, or supra axillary cymes. Flowers heterochlamydeous, dioecious, pseudobisexual, fragrant, pedicels about 8-12 mm long. Male flowers rare, axillary, solitary or fascicled with 2-9 flowers, rose pink, sepals 4-5, imbricate, usually persistent in fruit, petals 4-5, imbricate, obovate-orbicular, alternating with sepals, stamens 16 or more in 4 bundles, inserted around lobed mass often around a rudimentary pistil, free or connate at the base, filaments short, anthers peltate, bent at ends, 2 loculed, dehiscing by longitudinal slits. Female flowers often solitary or paired, bigger than male flowers, globose, with minute free or united staminodes, filaments arranged in a ring shape, ovary superior, globose, 4-8 locular, ovules lateral, or erect, style absent, stigma rays 5-6. Fruit fleshy berry (Fig. 2), globose, 4-7 Â 3-6 cm across smooth, reddish-brown or purplish red, glossy, smooth, encased by persistent sepals and crowned by stigma; pericarp thick, spongy, reddish abounding in yellow latex. Seeds 4-8, ca. 1-2 cm long, oblong ovoid, covered with thick, juicy, creamy-white, pleasant-smelling aril. Phenology: Fruiting season vary depending upon geographical location and growing conditions (MBG 2020). Flowering and fruiting are observed during summer or