Anterior cranial-base time-related changes: A systematic review

Afrand, Mona; Ling, Connie P.; Khosrotehrani, Siamak; Flores-Mir, Carlos; Lagravère-Vich, Manuel O.

doi:10.1016/j.ajodo.2014.03.019

Cited by 63 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Movement of basion can be attributed to synchondrosis growth, whereas movement of sella can be attributed to eccentric growth of the sella turcica which remains stable at its anterior wall after around age 7. Intrinsic growth of sella turcica was also shown in a previous systematic review by Afrand et al 15 As reported by Enlow, development of the endocranium also occurs by deposition on the outside and resorption from the inside, also referred to as cortical drift. 7 This can also explain small changes in location of landmarks from longitudinal cephalograms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…2 In reference to direction of growth change, basion was shown to move backward and downward, 2,21 with an additional point measured in the general area of basion, occipital condyle point (Bolton), also showing downward and backward movement. 35 The anterior reference point for S-Ba, sella, was shown to move down and back as well 13,15 ( Figure 2). Although both basion and sella were displaced in the same direction, these changes seemed to be due to different mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…All selected studies were assessed for potential risk of bias using a nonvalidated quality assessment tool implemented in a previous systematic review 15 (Table 3). Two reviewers completed this process separately, and articles with a score of 50% or less were categorized as poor or low quality (high risk of bias).…”

Section: Risk Of Bias Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of a nonvalidated assessment tool 15 has its own drawbacks but, with the absence of one validated tool that clearly applied to the type of studies likely to be included, this was inevitable.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Knowledge of its stability is beneficial for proper diagnosis and treatment planning by orthodontists because what happens at the cranial base affects the position, size, angles, and structure of the overlying face. 3 A previous systematic review synthesized the changes in the anterior cranial base, 15 but did not consider changes in the S-Ba. As such, this systematic review aimed to provide a synthesis of the published studies evaluating the growth and development of SBa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Posterior cranial base natural growth and development: A systematic review

Currie

Sawchuk

Saltaji³

et al. 2017

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objective: To provide a synthesis of the published studies evaluating the natural growth and development of the human posterior cranial base (S-Ba). Materials and Methods: The search was performed on MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and all EBM Reviews electronic databases. In addition, reference lists of the included studies were handsearched. Articles were included if they analyzed posterior cranial-base growth in humans specifically. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were completed in duplicate. A meta-analysis was not justified. Results: Finally, 23 published studies were selected: 5 cross-sectional and 18 cohort studies. Articles were published between 1955 and 2015, and all were published in English. The sample sizes varied between 20 and 397 individuals and consisted of craniofacial measurements from either living or deceased human skulls. Validity of the measurements was not determined in any of the studies, while six papers reported some form of reliability assessment. All the articles included multiple time points within the same population or data from multiple age groups. Growth of S-Ba was generally agreed to be from spheno-occipital synchondrosis growth. Basion displaced downward and backward and sella turcica moved downward and backward during craniofacial growth. Timing of cessation of S-Ba growth was not conclusive due to limited identified evidence. Conclusions: Current evidence suggests that S-Ba is not totally stable, as its dimensions change throughout craniofacial growth and a minor dimensional change is observed even in late adulthood.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Risk Of Bias Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Posterior cranial base natural growth and development: A systematic review

Currie

Sawchuk

Saltaji³

et al. 2017

The Angle Orthodontist

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Multi-scale Volumetric ConvNet with Nested Residual Connections for Segmentation of Anterior Cranial Base

Pei

Qin

Ma³

et al. 2017

Machine Learning in Medical Imaging

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Geometric morphometrics of different malocclusions in lateral skull radiographs

Freudenthaler

Čelar

Ritt³

et al. 2016

J Orofac Orthop

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BackgroundTo evaluate the role of craniofacial shape in malocclusion by application of geometric morphometrics to a set of two-dimensional landmarks and semilandmarks obtained from lateral skull radiographs.MethodsCephalometric radiograph tracings of 88 untreated Caucasians (age range 7–39 years) were assigned to four groups according to their occlusion: neutrocclusion, distocclusion, mesiocclusion, and anterior open bite. The geometric morphometric shape analysis incorporated 66 landmarks and semilandmarks, which underwent generalized Procrustes analysis, between-groups principal component analysis, thin-plate spline deformation grid visualization, permutation tests, and receiver operating characteristic curves.ResultsThe position and shape of the mandible contributed to differences between the distocclusion and mesiocclusion groups, whereas the maxillary shape showed less variation. The growth-related shape alteration during adolescence was most pronounced in the mesiocclusion group and least pronounced in the neutrocclusion group. The open bite group was associated with an altered orientation of the mandibular body and the maxilla, showed the most hyperdivergent maxillomandibular pattern but was not an own skeletal entity. Despite clear differences in mean shape across the four groups, the individual distribution of craniofacial shape overlapped between the groups without discrete clusters.ConclusionsCraniofacial shape was clearly associated with dental malocclusion and showed considerable variation. Geometric morphometrics was a powerful research tool but for diagnosing individual malocclusion standard cephalometric measurements including overjet and overbite were equally or more efficient than geometric morphometric descriptors.

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Anterior cranial-base time-related changes: A systematic review

Cited by 63 publications

References 79 publications

Posterior cranial base natural growth and development: A systematic review

Posterior cranial base natural growth and development: A systematic review

Multi-scale Volumetric ConvNet with Nested Residual Connections for Segmentation of Anterior Cranial Base

Geometric morphometrics of different malocclusions in lateral skull radiographs

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