Comparison of cardiac output determined by an ultrasound velocity dilution cardiac output method and by the lithium dilution cardiac output method in juvenile horses with experimentally induced hypovolemia

Shih, Andre; Queiroz, Patrícia dos Santos Silva; Vigani, Alessio; Cunha, Anderson da; Pariaut, Romain; Riccó, Carolina; Bornkamp, Jennifer; Garcia‐Pereira, Fernando; Bandt, Carsten

doi:10.2460/ajvr.75.6.565

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Human medical literature suggests the CVC‐CI is a good indicator of intravascular volume status because it is less affected by hypovolemic compensatory mechanisms than are other clinical parameters (e.g, blood pressure, capillary refill time) used to indirectly assess volume status . Experienced practitioners have identified the challenge of assessing intravascular volume status in foals . Our study determined that it is possible to calculate the CVC‐CI in healthy foals < 1 month of age, which is the first step in determining if this technique may be useful in assessing intravascular volume status in foals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Influence of the Respiratory Cycle on Caudal Vena Cava Diameter Measured by Sonography in Healthy Foals: A Pilot Study

Tuplin

Romero

Boysen

2017

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundIntravascular volume assessment in foals is challenging. In humans, intravascular volume status is estimated by the caudal vena cava (CVC) collapsibility index (CVC‐CI) defined as (CVC diameter at maximum expiration [CVC max] – CVC diameter at minimal inspiration [CVC min])/CVC max × 100%.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo determine whether the CVC could be sonographically measured in healthy foals, determine differences in CVC max and CVC min, and calculate inter‐ and intrarater variability between 2 examiners. We hypothesized that the CVC could be measured sonographically at the subxiphoid view and that there would be a difference between CVC max and CVC min values.AnimalsSixty privately owned foals <1‐month‐old.MethodsProspective study. A longitudinal subxiphoid sonographic window in standing foals was used. The CVC max and CVC min were analyzed by a linear mixed effect model. Inter‐rater agreement and intrarater variability were expressed by Bland‐Altman and intraclass correlation coefficients, respectively.ResultsMeasurements were attained from 58 of 60 foals with mean age of 15 ± 7.9 days and mean weight of 75.7 ± 17.7 kg. The CVC max was significantly different from CVC min (D = 0.515, SE = 0.031, P < 0.001). Inter‐rater agreement of the CVC‐CI differed by an average of −0.9% (95% limits of agreement, −12.5 to +10.7%). Intrarater variability of CVC max was 0.540 and 0.545, of CVC min was 0.550 and 0.594, and of CVC‐CI was 0.894 and 0.853 for observers 1 and 2, respectively.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThese results indicate it is possible to reliably measure the CVC sonographically in healthy foals, and the CVC‐CI may prove useful in assessing the intravascular volume status in hypovolemic foals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Influence of the Respiratory Cycle on Caudal Vena Cava Diameter Measured by Sonography in Healthy Foals: A Pilot Study

Tuplin

Romero

Boysen

2017

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…The alpacas used in this study were not available for placement of a pulmonary arterial catheter and thus UDCO and ECHO were utilized even though they have not been validated for use in this species. The UDCO method has been validated in adult, pediatric and neonatal humans, sheep, dogs, neonatal and juvenile horses, and pigs [46][47][48][49][50][51][52]. Thus, it is likely that the results obtained in this study are accurate.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound dilution cardiac output and echocardiography findings in anesthetized mature alpacas (Vicugna pacos) during normotension, hypotension and hypertension

et al. 2023

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Alpacas (Vicugna pacos) have physiologic adaptations to live at high altitude. These adaptations may result in unexpected responses to changes in cardiac performance and blood pressure during general anesthesia. There are few studies evaluating cardiovascular variables in anesthetized alpacas. The purpose of this study was to report cardiovascular performance in anesthetized mature alpacas during normotension, hypotension, and hypertension using ultrasound dilution and echocardiography. Six adult alpacas, 3 females and 3 castrated males, weighing 62.6 to 88.7 kg were anesthetized and maintained with isoflurane and placed in right lateral recumbency. Each alpaca underwent ultrasound dilution and echocardiography measurements during three cardiovascular phases, normotension, hypotension via increased isoflurane concentration, and hypertension via phenylephrine infusion. Variables were analyzed with a Friedman test and a post hoc Dunn’s test when significant. A p < 0.05 was used for significance. Cardiac output, cardiac index, systemic vascular resistance, stroke volume, total ejection fraction, left ventricular internal diameter during diastole, and total stroke volume indexed to body weight were greater for hypertension compared to hypotension. Total ejection fraction, stroke volume, and left ventricular ejection time were greater for hypertions compared to normotension. There was no difference between ultrasound dilution and echocardiography determined cardiac output measurements within each cardiovascular phase. Phenylephrine appeared to have increased ventricular performance and/or increased preload in anesthetized, mature alpacas. For detecting change in cardiovascular status in anesthetized alpacas, ultrasound dilution and echocardiography may be useful.

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“…15,16 After injection of the saline bolus into venous circulation, change in blood velocity is measured by the ultrasound sensors. Dilution curves and Stewart Hamilton equation calculate the CO. 15 The TPUD has been previously studied in dogs, 16 horses, [17][18][19] sheep, [20][21][22] and alpacas. 23 It is well established that swine are used for medical research due to their similar cardiac physiology as humans.…”

Section: Clinical Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

Transpulmonary ultrasound dilution is an acceptable technique for cardiac output measurement in anesthetized pigs

Paranjape

Shih

Garcia‐Pereira

et al. 2022

ajvr

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OBJECTIVE To evaluate cardiac output (CO) measurements using transpulmonary ultrasound (TPUD) technology and compare results with those of the gold standard, pulmonary arterial catheter thermodilution (PACTD), in 6 healthy anesthetized pigs during acute hemodynamic changes caused by manipulation of the blood volume. ANIMALS 6 healthy male Landrace pigs. PROCEDURES Over a period of 1 week, pigs were anesthetized with isoflurane, mechanically ventilated, and underwent instrumentation in dorsal recumbency. They were subjected to sequential experimental states during which the blood volume was manipulated so that the animals transitioned from normovolemia to hypovolemia (20% and 40% of blood volume depletion), back to normovolemia (autologous blood transfusion), and then to hypervolemia (following colloid bolus). During each volume state, CO measurements were compared between TPUD and PACTD. RESULTS The mean ± SD relative bias between TPUD and PACTD was 7.71% ± 21.2% with limits of agreement –33.9% to 49.3%, indicating TPUD slightly underestimated CO values, compared with values obtained with PACTD. The mean ± SD of the bias between the 2 methods was 0.13 ± 0.5 L/min. Only 5 of 36 (13.9%) TPUD CO measurements had an absolute value of relative bias > 30%. The percentage error calculated for TPUD was 29.4%. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested that TPUD measurements have acceptable agreement with PACTD measurements. Moreover, TPUD exhibits promising potential in being used interchangeably with PACTD for future hemodynamic research involving swine as species of interest.

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Comparison of cardiac output determined by an ultrasound velocity dilution cardiac output method and by the lithium dilution cardiac output method in juvenile horses with experimentally induced hypovolemia

Abstract: Results indicated that, compared with the LiDCO method, the UDCO method has acceptable clinical usefulness for determination of CO in foals.

Cited by 8 publications

References 27 publications

Influence of the Respiratory Cycle on Caudal Vena Cava Diameter Measured by Sonography in Healthy Foals: A Pilot Study

Influence of the Respiratory Cycle on Caudal Vena Cava Diameter Measured by Sonography in Healthy Foals: A Pilot Study

Ultrasound dilution cardiac output and echocardiography findings in anesthetized mature alpacas (Vicugna pacos) during normotension, hypotension and hypertension

Transpulmonary ultrasound dilution is an acceptable technique for cardiac output measurement in anesthetized pigs

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