“…However, these views and results are far from achieving unanimity in the scientific community. Indeed, two decades after the mirror neurons landmark discovery in macaques, and while a growing number of studies highlight the role of mirror mechanisms in social cognition (e.g., Gallese, 2013; Gallese & Sinigaglia, 2014; Rizzolatti & Sinigaglia, 2010), and many researchers argue that body-based representations allowed by mirror neurons may play a crucial role in providing fast, immediately shared or aligned dynamic representations for actors engaged in complex social interactions (e.g., Butterfill & Sebanz, 2011; Pickering & Garrod, 2013), mirror neurons’ role is still heavily debated by skeptics whom questioning until their role in mirroring and coding for action goal (e.g., Cook, Bird, Catmur, Press, & Heyes, 2014; Heyes, 2013). There remains indeed a huge resistance against accepting that nonhuman animals have affective experiences, and that these can and should be studied in empirical ways (Panksepp, 2011a).…”